The Broken Commandment
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The Broken Commandment is a Japanese novel written by Tōson Shimazaki published in 1906 under the title Hakai. The novel deals with the burakumin, formerly known as eta. This book enjoyed great popula
First English edition
Burakumin
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Burakumin are a historically marginalized social group in Japan. Their ancestors were outcastes of the pre-modern era who were associated with occupations considered impure or tainted by death, such a
The Broken Commandment
…Commandment is a Japanese novel written by Tōson Shimazaki published in 1906 (late Meiji period) under the title Hakai (破戒). The novel deals with the burakumin (部落民, 'village people'), formerly known as eta. This book enjoyed great popularity and influence in Japan. The basic plot concerns a school teacher…
Staged photo by Suzuki Shin'ichi I depicting burakumin leather workers, 1873
17th-century painting depicting a buraku outside the walls of Kyoto
Text of the 1871 Liberation Declaration (Kaihōrei)
Suiheisha members in 1924