1.
Oprah Winfrey
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Orpah Gail Winfrey, better known as Oprah Winfrey, is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist. She is best known for her talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, several assessments rank her as the most influential woman in the world. In 2013, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama and honorary degrees from Duke. Winfrey was born into poverty in rural Mississippi to a single mother and later raised in an inner-city Milwaukee neighborhood. She has stated that she was molested during her childhood and early teens and became pregnant at 14, her son died in infancy. Sent to live with the man she calls her father, a barber in Tennessee, Winfrey landed a job in radio while still in high school, by the mid-1990s, she had reinvented her show with a focus on literature, self-improvement, and spirituality. From 2006 to 2008, her endorsement of Obama, by one estimate, Winfrey was named Orpah on her birth certificate after the biblical figure in the Book of Ruth, but people mispronounced it regularly and Oprah stuck. Winfrey was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi, to a teenage mother. She later said that her conception was due to a sexual encounter. Her mother, Vernita Lee, was a housemaid, Winfreys biological father is usually noted as Vernon Winfrey, a coal miner turned barber turned city councilman who had been in the Armed Forces when she was born. However, Mississippi farmer and World War II veteran Noah Robinson, a genetic test in 2006 determined that her matrilineal line originated among the Kpelle ethnic group, in the area that today is Liberia. Her genetic makeup was determined to be 89% Sub-Saharan African, 8% Native American, however, the East Asian may, given the imprecision of genetic testing, actually be Native American markers. Her grandmother taught her to read before the age of three and took her to the church, where she was nicknamed The Preacher for her ability to recite Bible verses. When Winfrey was a child, her grandmother would hit her with a stick when she did not do chores or if she misbehaved in any way. Around this time, Lee had given birth to daughter, Winfreys younger half-sister. By 1962, Lee was having difficulty raising both daughters so Winfrey was temporarily sent to live with Vernon in Nashville, Tennessee, while Winfrey was in Nashville, Lee gave birth to a third daughter who was put up for adoption and later also named Patricia. Winfrey did not learn she had a second half-sister until 2010, by the time Winfrey moved back in with Lee, Lee had also given birth to a boy named Jeffrey, Winfreys half-brother, who died of AIDS-related causes in 1989. When Winfrey discussed the alleged abuse with family members at age 24, Winfrey once commented that she had chosen not to be a mother because she had not been mothered well
2.
Talk show
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A talk show or chat show is a television programming or radio programming genre in which one person discusses various topics put forth by a talk show host. Usually, guests consist of a group of people who are learned or who have experience in relation to whatever issue is being discussed on the show for that episode. Other times, a single guest discusses their work or area of expertise with a host or co-hosts, a call-in show takes live phone calls from callers listening at home, in their cars, etc. Sometimes, guests are already seated but are introduced and enter from backstage. There have been many notable talk show hosts, in many cases, there are several major formats of talk shows. Generally, each subgenre predominates during a specific programming block during the broadcast day, Breakfast chat or early morning shows that generally alternate between news summaries, political coverage, feature stories, celebrity interviews, and musical performances. Late morning chat shows that two or more hosts or a celebrity panel, and focus on entertainment and lifestyle features. Daytime talk shows, generally featuring a host, a guest or a panel of guests, and these shows may feature celebrities, political commentators, or ordinary people who present unusual or controversial topics. The hosts are often comedians who open the shows with comedy monologues, Sunday talk or political discussion shows are a staple of network programming in North America. These shows feature elected political figures and candidates for office, commentators, syndicated daytime shows may appear overnight in some markets, and some afternoon programs have similar structures to late night talk shows. These formats may vary across different countries or markets, Late night talk shows are especially significant in the United States. Breakfast television is a staple of British television, the daytime talk format has become popular in Latin America as well as the United States. Talk-radio host Howard Stern also hosted a show that was syndicated nationally in the USA. The tabloid talk show genre, pioneered by Phil Donahue but popularized by Oprah Winfrey was extremely popular during the last two decades of the 20th century, politics are hardly the only subject of American talk shows, however. Sports talk shows are very popular ranging from high-budget shows like The Best Damn Sports Show Period to Max Kellermans original public-access television cable TV show Max on Boxing. Craigslistin in Philly is a show you can attend at Plays & Players theatre in Philadelphia. The host is Aaron and they comment on and invite acts, to be considered one just has to post on craigslist mentioning the show in your post helps. Talk shows had been broadcast on television since the earliest days of the medium, joe Franklin, an American radio and television personality, hosted the first television talk show
3.
Harpo Productions
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Harpo Productions is a US-based multimedia production company founded by Oprah Winfrey and is the sole subsidiary of her media and entertainment company, Harpo, Inc. Harpo Productionss subsidiaries consist solely of Harpo Print, LLC, One of its subsidiaries, Harpo Films, was shut down in early 2013. Another, Harpo Radio, was shut down January 1,2015 after satellite radio provider SiriusXM decided not to renew the deal with the radio service, the company also counts in its holdings 50% of the Oprah Winfrey Network. It was based in Chicago, and Harpo Studios was located in the Near West Side neighborhood of Chicago until the studios closed in 2015, Harpo Productions and OWN are both currently based in West Hollywood, California. The land where the studio formerly sat once housed the 2nd Regiment Armory that was used as a makeshift morgue for victims of the capsizing of the steamer SS Eastland. The 88, 000-square-foot facility was renovated and opened in the late 1980s for use by The Oprah Winfrey Show, the first Oprah show taped at Harpo Studios was on January 15,1990. Together with Hearst Magazines, Harpo Print, LLC publishes O, the company also published O at Home, which Hearst officially folded in 2008 after a four-year run. On January 1,2011, the Oprah Winfrey Network launched and it is co-owned by Harpo Productions and Discovery Communications, Inc. The network replaced the Discovery Health Channel, a cable channel owned by Discovery Communications. Harpo Studios was the home of The Oprah Winfrey Show located in Near West Side neighborhood of Chicago, the set also housed The Rosie Show, an American evening television talk show which was hosted and produced by actress and comedian Rosie ODonnell, airing on the Oprah Winfrey Network. Harpo Studios has Emmy Award-winning teams in production designs, lighting, camera work, editing, audio direction and it also served as the location for the set of The Women of Brewster Place. Scenes from Beloved were also filmed on a set in Harpo Studios, the studio was sold to developer Sterling Bay in 2014 and was demolished in 2016. The site will be home to the new headquarters of McDonalds. Founded in 1993, Harpo Films, Inc. was the biggest division of Harpo Productions, Harpo Films was based in Los Angeles, California. In late 2008, Harpo Films signed an exclusive pact with HBO. Previously, Harpo Films had a deal with ABC, which included production of Oprah Winfrey Presents, in February 2013, Harpo Films was shut down, citing that the demand for long-form projects, especially on the broadcast side, has dried out. Many of its employees move on to Harpo Studios new scripted series division. Was the holding company for the Oprah & Friends channel, Oprah, herself, also personally interviewed some of the most influential voices in the spiritual realm on her weekly program, Oprahs Soul Series
4.
Multiple-camera setup
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The multiple-camera setup, multiple-camera mode of production, multi-camera or simply multicam is a method of filmmaking and video production. Several cameras—either film or professional video cameras—are employed on the set and it is often contrasted with single-camera setup, which uses one camera. In this way, multiple shots are obtained in a single take without having to start and this is more efficient for programs that are to be shown a short time after being shot as it reduces the time spent film editing or video editing the footage. It is also a necessity for regular, high-output shows like daily soap operas. It also reduces the complexity of tracking continuity issues that crop up when the scene is reshot from the different angles and it is an essential part of live television. These can be hidden from just one camera but can be more complicated to set up. Another drawback is in film usage—a four-camera setup will use up to four times as much film per take, while shooting, the director and assistant director create a line cut by instructing the technical director to switch between the feed from the individual cameras. In the case of sitcoms with studio audiences, this cut is typically displayed to them on studio monitors. The line cut might be refined later in editing, as often the output from all cameras is recorded, both separately and as a combined reference display called the q split. The camera currently being recorded to the cut is indicated by a tally light controlled by a camera control unit on the camera as a reference both for the actors and the camera operators. When sound came into the picture multiple cameras were used to film sets at a single time. Early sound was recorded onto wax discs that could not be edited, the BBC routinely used multiple cameras for their live television shows from 1936 onward. Desilus innovation was to use 35mm film instead of 16mm and to film with a multiple-camera setup before a studio audience. In the late 1970s, Garry Marshall was credited with adding the fourth camera to the multi-camera set-up for his series Mork & Mindy, soon after, many productions followed suit and now having four cameras is the norm for multi-camera situation comedies. The multiple-camera method gives the director less control over each shot but is faster, in television, multiple-camera is commonly used for sports programs, news programs, soap operas, talk shows, game shows, and some sitcoms. Before the pre-filmed continuing series became the dominant dramatic form on American television, multiple cameras can take different shots of a live situation as the action unfolds chronologically and is suitable for shows which require a live audience. For this reason, multiple camera productions can be filmed or taped much faster than single camera, multiple-camera sitcoms were more simplified but have been compared to theatre work due to its similar set-up and use of theatre-experienced actors and crew members. The majority of British sitcoms and dramas from the 1950s to the early 1990s were made using four cameras, unlike the United States, the development of completed filmed programming, using the single camera method, was limited for several decades
5.
WLS-TV
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WLS-TV, virtual channel 7, is an ABC owned-and-operated television station located in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The station is owned by the ABC Owned Television Stations subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, WLS-TV maintains studio facilities located on North State Street in the Chicago Loop, and its transmitter is located atop the Willis Tower on South Wacker Drive. The station first signed on the air on September 17,1948 as WENR-TV and it was the third television station to sign on in the Chicago market. As one of the original ABC-owned stations on channel 7, it was the station to begin operations. The stations original call letters were taken from co-owned radio station WENR, in February 1953, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, the former theater division of Paramount Pictures. UPT subsidiary Balaban and Katz owned WBKB, as a result, WBKBs channel 4 license was sold to CBS, which subsequently changed that stations call letters to WBBM-TV, that outlet would move to VHF channel 2 several months later on July 5,1953. The old WBKBs on-air and behind-the-scenes staff stayed at the new WBBM-TV, while the WBKB call letters, sterling Red Quinlan served as the stations general manager from the early 1950s to the mid-1960s, and became a giant in early Chicago television. Quinlan was instrumental in starting the careers of Tom Duggan, Frank Reynolds, the station courageously aired The Tom Duggan Show in the mid-1950s, which became the most popular show in the Chicago market, far outdrawing other network competition. Ironically, ABC merged WLS with WENR, its shared-time partner, WLS-TV had claimed to be Chicagos first television station in its sign-ons during the 1980s, but admitted to its true roots with WENR with its 30th anniversary in 1978. m. The service was similar in format to competitor ONTV and other over-the-air pay services that existed during the early and mid-1980s. Tele1st was created with the concept of allowing users to programming for later viewing, therefore. Tele1st was deemed a failure, attributing only 4,000 subscribers at its peak, the stations digital channel is multiplexed, Prior to February 24,2011, WLS-DT3 aired ABC7 News Now with weather programming from The Local AccuWeather Channel. WLS operated its digital signal at low power to protect the signal of WOOD-TV in Grand Rapids. As a result, many viewers were not able to receive the station, the FCC sent extra personnel to Chicago, Philadelphia and New York City to deal with difficulties in those cities. WLS had received 1,735 calls just by the end of the day on June 12, and an estimated 5,000 calls in total by June 16. WLS-TV was just one station which needed to increase its strength or move its frequency to solve its problems. WLS received an experimental permit for a power increase late in June. WLS had also applied for a permit to construct a low-power fill-in digital translator station on UHF channel 32, but abandoned that plan
6.
King World Productions
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King World Productions, Inc. was a production company and a syndicator of television programming in the United States until its eventual 2007 incorporation into CBS Television Distribution. The company continues to exist on paper as a property holder. The division was started in 1964 by Charles King and it was a company that expressly handled television distribution of the classic Hal Roach Our Gang shorts. When Roach lost the rights to the name Our Gang, the shorts were retitled as The Little Rascals and it was through this acquisition that the comedy shorts from 1929 through 1938 have been made available to audiences for the past fifty years. King World later co-produced an animated version of the shorts with Hanna-Barbera, King died in 1973 and the company was taken over by Kings children, Roger King, Michael, Robert, Diana, Richard, and Karen. In 1982, King World formed an ad-sales barter division called Camelot Entertainment Sales, a year later, company chairmen, brothers Roger, Michael, and Robert acquired the syndication rights to Merv Griffins game show, Wheel of Fortune when no other studio would step in. The acquisition paid off, and Wheel became the most popular show in the history of syndication, at one point, the program was generating a 21% national rating. The same year, the acquired the syndication rights of The Merv Griffin Show from Metromedia Producers Corporation. A year later, King World bought the rights to another Griffin show, Jeopardy. Originally, the company produced two pilots of the show, one in September 1983 and the other on January 9,1984. Oprah Winfrey was originally a talk show host in the Chicago Market only which aired during the A. M. Oprahs first paycheck after being launched across the U. S. in December, Dr. Phil is co-produced by Winfreys Harpo Productions. In the 1990s, King World operated an As Seen On TV VHS service called King World Direct. Stuart Hersch, a lawyer by trade, was the expert who helped to take the company public. King World had virtually no debt and generated hundreds of millions of dollars in revenues after going public, Television stations that broadcast King World programming had first choice on any series King World offered to distribute. On November 25,1991, King World acquired the Hollywood Squares format rights from Orion Pictures Corporation after Orion closed down its television division, in 1995, King World began co-distributing Geraldo with Tribune Entertainment, and would continue co-distributing the show until its cancellation in 1998. On September 28,1998, King World acquired the worldwide leasing rights to the game shows by Merrill Heatter Productions for a limited time. On January 19,2000, King World was acquired by CBS, after CBS purchase of the company, Eyemark Entertainment, the successor to Group W Productions following the CBS/Westinghouse merger, was folded into King World
7.
CBS Television Distribution
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The current president is Paul Franklin. CBS also handles the TV rights to much of its own theatrical films, the company formerly distributed the film libraries from Paramount Pictures and Republic Pictures, among others. The company is responsible for international television distribution rights to series by Rysher Entertainment including certain HBO series through its CBS Studios International division. These distribution rights are now held by NBCUniversal Television Distribution and Trifecta Entertainment & Media, until May 2009, CTD distributed the Paramount Pictures library on television. By then, CBS also dropped the name Paramount from television for good, Paramount has also joined up with Trifecta. The current moniker for CTDs overseas distribution arm is CBS Studios International and its predecessors were CBS Broadcast International and CBS Paramount International Television. In 2012, CBS Television Distribution ceased to be an entity, becoming a division of CBS Studios
8.
ABC Owned Television Stations
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ABC Owned Television Stations is a division of Disney–ABC Television Group that oversees the owned-and-operated stations of the American Broadcasting Company, a division of The Walt Disney Company. The division consists of eight stations plus ABC National Television Sales, kGO-TV in San Francisco and KECA in Los Angeles, signed on during the next 13 months after WJZ. Capital Cities announced $3.5 billion purchase of ABC on March 18,1985, stunned the media industry, as ABC was some four times bigger than Capital Cities was at the time. The ABC Owned TV Stations were paired with ABC Radio Network, ABC News Now was launched in 2004 in the US on digital subchannel of 70 ABC owned & operated and affiliates. The Live Well Network was launched on 000000002009-04-27-0000April 27,2009 in high definition by ABCs owned-and-operated stations on the stations subchannels, the sale was completed on April 1,2011. On October 25, the Triangle Business Journal reported that multiple Disney spokespeople denied that information, campbell and Allen stated that despite the success of the network, the division wanted to prioritize local content and its core local news brands. Many of the shows from ABCs stations are expected to end production with a possibility to be picked up by fyi cable network, a DATG partial owned A&E Networks cable channel. ABCOTS also indicated that its stations 3rd subchannel would affiliated with Laff network upon launch 000000002015-04-15-0000April 15,2015, ABC Regional Sports & Entertainment Sales Live Well Network Only 8 stations are affiliated with the ABC TV network and the Live Well Network. Abcotvs. com ABC Full Circle. com, ABC National Television Sales website ABC Regional Sports & Entertainment Sales
9.
720p
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720p is a progressive HDTV signal format with 720 horizontal lines and an aspect ratio of 16,9, normally known as widescreen HDTV. The number 720 stands for the 720 horizontal scan lines of display resolution. The p stands for progressive scan, i. e. non-interlaced, when broadcast at 60 frames per second, 720p features the highest temporal resolution possible under the ATSC and DVB standards. The term assumes a widescreen ratio of 16,9. 720i is a term found in numerous sources and publications. Typically, it is an error in which the author is referring to the 720p HDTV format. However, in cases it is incorrectly presented as an actual alternative format to 720p. No proposed or existing broadcast standard permits 720 interlaced lines in a frame at any frame rate. Progressive scanning reduces the need to prevent flicker by anti-aliasing single high contrast horizontal lines and it is also easier to perform high-quality 50↔60 Hz conversion and slow-motion clips with progressive video. A 720p60 video has advantage over 480i and 1080i60 in that it reduces the number of 3,2 artifacts introduced during transfer from 24 frame/s film. However, 576i and 1080i50, which are common in Europe, generally do not suffer from pull down artifacts as film frames are simply played at 25 frames and the audio pitch corrected by 25/24ths. As a result, 720p60 is used for U. S. broadcasts while European HD broadcasts often use 1080i50 24* frame, arte, a dual-language French-German channel produced in collaboration by ARD, ZDF and France Télévisions, broadcasts in German at 720p50 but in French at 1080i50. EBU Technical paper on HDTV formats
10.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
11.
Fox Broadcasting Company
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The Fox Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Fox Entertainment Group subsidiary of 21st Century Fox. It is the third largest major network in the world based on total revenues, assets. Launched on October 9,1986 as a competitor to the Big Three television networks, Fox and its affiliated companies operate many entertainment channels in international markets, although these do not necessarily air the same programming as the U. S. network. Most viewers in Canada have access to at least one U. S, the network is named after sister company 20th Century Fox, and indirectly for producer William Fox, who founded one of the movie studios predecessors, Fox Film. Fox is a member of the North American Broadcasters Association and the National Association of Broadcasters, 20th Century Fox had been involved in television production as early as the 1950s, producing several syndicated programs. Following the demise of the DuMont Television Network in August of that year after it became mired in financial problems. 20th Century Fox would also produce original content for the NTA network, KTTV in Los Angeles, KRIV in Houston, WFLD-TV in Chicago, and KRLD-TV in Dallas. In October 1985, 20th Century Fox announced its intentions to form a television network that would compete with ABC, CBS. The plans were to use the combination of the Fox studios, organizational plans for the network were held off until the Metromedia acquisitions cleared regulatory hurdles. Then, in December 1985, Rupert Murdoch agreed to pay $325 million to acquire the remaining equity in TCF Holdings from his original partner, Marvin Davis. These first six stations, then broadcasting to a reach of 22% of the nations households. Except for KDAF, all of the original owned-and-operated stations are part of the Fox network today. Like the core O&O group, Foxs affiliate body consisted of independent stations. The Fox Broadcasting Company launched at 11,00 p. m. Eastern and its inaugural program was a late-night talk show, The Late Show, which was hosted by comedian Joan Rivers. By early 1987, Rivers quit The Late Show after disagreements with the network over the creative direction. The network expanded its programming into prime time on April 5,1987, with Children and the sketch comedy series The Tracey Ullman Show. Fox added one new show per week over the several weeks, with the drama 21 Jump Street. On July 11, the network rolled out its Saturday night schedule with the premiere of the drama series Werewolf
12.
1080i
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1080i is an abbreviation referring to a combination of frame resolution and scan type, used in high-definition television and high-definition video. The number 1080 refers to the number of lines on the screen. The term assumes a widescreen ratio of 16,9, so the 1080 lines of vertical resolution implies 1920 columns of horizontal resolution. A1920 pixels ×1080 lines screen has a total of 2.1 megapixels and this format is used in the SMPTE 292M standard. The choice of 1080 lines originates with Charles Poynton, who in the early 1990s pushed for square pixels to be used in HD video formats, within the designation 1080i, the i stands for interlaced scan. A frame of 1080i video consists of two fields of 1920 horizontal and 540 vertical pixels. The first field consists of all odd-numbered TV lines and the second all even numbered lines, 1080i differs from 1080p, where the p stands for progressive scan, where all lines in a frame are captured at the same time. In native or pure 1080i, the two fields of a frame correspond to different instants, so motion portrayal is good and this is true for interlaced video in general and can be easily observed in still images taken of fast motion scenes. However, when 1080p material is captured at 25 or 30 frames/second, it is converted to 1080i at 50 or 60 fields/second, respectively, in this situation both fields in a frame do correspond to the same instant. The field-to-instant relation is more complex for the case of 1080p at 24 frames/second converted to 1080i at 60 fields/second. Both field rates can be carried by digital television broadcast formats such as ATSC, DVB. The frame rate can be implied by the context, while the rate is generally specified after the letter i. In this case 1080i60 refers to 60 fields per second, the European Broadcasting Union prefers to use the resolution and frame rate separated by a slash, as in 1080i/30 and 1080i/25, likewise 480i/30 and 576i/25. Resolutions of 1080i60 or 1080i50 often refers to 1080i/30 or 1080i/25 in EBU notation, 1080i is directly compatible with some CRT HDTVs on which it can be displayed natively in interlaced form, but for display on progressive-scan—e. g. Most new LCD and plasma TVs, it must be deinterlaced, depending on the televisions video processing capabilities, the resulting video quality may vary, but may not necessarily suffer. For example, film material at 25fps may be deinterlaced from 1080i50 to restore a full 1080p resolution at the frame rate without any loss. Preferably video material with 50 or 60 motion phases/second is to be converted to 50p or 60p before display, worldwide, most HD channels on satellite and cable broadcast in 1080i. This also allows local newscasts on these ABC affiliates to be produced in the resolution to match the picture quality of their 1080i competitors
13.
CBS
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CBS is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major facilities and operations in New York City. CBS is sometimes referred to as the Eye Network, in reference to the iconic logo. It has also called the Tiffany Network, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBSs first demonstrations of color television, the network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc. a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. Under Paleys guidance, CBS would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, in 1974, CBS dropped its former full name and became known simply as CBS, Inc. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom, which was formed as a spin-off of CBS in 1971, CBS Corporation is controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. The television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated stations throughout the United States. The origins of CBS date back to January 27,1927, Columbia Phonographic went on the air on September 18,1927, with a presentation by the Howard Barlow Orchestra from flagship station WOR in Newark, New Jersey, and fifteen affiliates. Operational costs were steep, particularly the payments to AT&T for use of its land lines, in early 1928 Judson sold the network to brothers Isaac and Leon Levy, owners of the networks Philadelphia affiliate WCAU, and their partner Jerome Louchenheim. With the record out of the picture, Paley quickly streamlined the corporate name to Columbia Broadcasting System. He believed in the power of advertising since his familys La Palina cigars had doubled their sales after young William convinced his elders to advertise on radio. By September 1928, Paley bought out the Louchenheim share of CBS, during Louchenheims brief regime, Columbia paid $410,000 to A. H. Grebes Atlantic Broadcasting Company for a small Brooklyn station, WABC, which would become the networks flagship station. WABC was quickly upgraded, and the relocated to 860 kHz. The physical plant was relocated also – to Steinway Hall on West 57th Street in Manhattan, by the turn of 1929, the network could boast to sponsors of having 47 affiliates. Paley moved right away to put his network on a financial footing. In the fall of 1928, he entered talks with Adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures. The deal came to fruition in September 1929, Paramount acquired 49% of CBS in return for a block of its stock worth $3.8 million at the time
14.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
15.
Oprah's Lifeclass
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Oprahs Lifeclass is an American primetime television show hosted and produced by Oprah Winfrey, which aired on OWN, Oprah Winfrey Network. The series premiered on October 10,2011, each episode revolves around a central topic or lesson that teaches viewers how to live their best life. Winfrey and her co-hosts share their ideas, thoughts, and reflections about the lesson, every episode also features segments with guests from around the world, who connect with Winfrey via Skype, Facebook, Twitter, or Oprah. com. Season One of Oprahs Lifeclass debuted on Monday October 10,2011, the first season features twenty-five episodes. During the first week of one, Winfrey hosted nightly webcasts at 9/8c on Oprah. com to complement each on-air lesson. She was joined by a teacher or self-help expert, with whom she would discuss each Lifeclass lesson. After the first week of shows, she went on to host a televised webcast every Friday night at 9/8c called Oprahs Lifeclass LIVE to rehash the weeks lessons with relationship expert, in the second season, Winfrey took the show on the road with a panel of spiritual teachers. The second season aired weekly on Monday at 8/7c and features six two-hour episodes that were televised on OWN, Oprah Winfrey Network. The tour concluded at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Winfrey announced on her Twitter page that she would be taking Lifeclass back to Harpo Studios in Chicago for a third season of lessons, beginning Summer 2012. Season Three of Oprahs Lifeclass aired on OWN, Oprah Winfrey Network from Sunday July 29,2012 until Sunday January 13,2013, the third season aired Sundays at 9/8c or 10/9c and consisted of seven hour-long episodes. It features Winfrey hosting classes in front of a studio audience with various guest co-hosts, including Bishop T. D. Jakes. Some episodes of the season were filmed at The Hobby Center for the Performing Arts in Sarofim Hall in Houston, Texas on October 5,2012 with guest co-hosts Joel Osteen. Season Four of Oprahs Lifeclass premiered on OWN, Oprah Winfrey Network on Sunday February 10,2013 at 9/8c, on May 5,2013, Oprah debuted a two hour special entitled Oprahs Lifeclass presents Fatherless Sons. The show, with Iyanla Vanzant, focused on the epidemic of fatherless sons in America, the double length episode became the 2nd highest rated Lifeclass in the shows history, behind only Joel Olsteens episode, and was the #1 most social show of the week. Continuing with the theme, on May 12,2013, The Secret Pain of Single Mothers aired, due to the overwhelming reception to the Fatherless Sons themed shows, on July 7,2013, Fatherless Sons, The Reaction debuted. Season Five of Oprahs Lifeclass premiered on OWN, Oprah Winfrey Network on Friday January 3,2014 at 10/9c, Oprahs Lifeclass debuted to mixed but generally negative reviews. Alessandra Stanley of The New York Times stated that Oprah’s Lifeclass is The Oprah Winfrey Show with the life sucked out of it. But the show isnt without some notable nuggets of wisdom, though youll only hear them if you manage to keep your attention from straying as the professors. er, hosts give their lecture
16.
Super Soul Sunday
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Super Soul Sunday is an American daytime self-help talk show hosted by Oprah Winfrey, airing on the Oprah Winfrey Network. Super Soul Sunday premiered on October 16,2011, Super Soul Sunday is designed to help viewers awaken to their best selves and discover a deeper connection to the world around them. Official website Super Soul Sunday at the Internet Movie Database Super Soul Sunday at TV Guide
17.
Oprah Prime
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Oprah Prime is an American prime-time television show hosted and produced by Oprah Winfrey, airing on Oprah Winfrey Network. The series premiered on January 1,2012, with an episode featuring Aerosmith frontman Steven Tyler. The third season brought a new title, Oprah Prime. The decision to launch Oprah Prime was made after Oprah reflected on her 25 years on television, after 25 years I got myself out of the studio chairs. It is so energizing to be out and about in the world exploring new people, new places and new ideas. Season 1 of Oprah Prime debuted on OWN, Oprah Winfrey Network on Sunday January 1,2012 at 9,00 p. m. ET with a series premiere featuring Aerosmith frontman Steven Tyler. On January 24,2012, it was announced that as a result of its high ratings, on April 27,2012, OWN announced that new episodes of Oprah Prime would continue airing throughout the summer. These episodes will feature Winfrey visiting How I Met Your Mother star Neil Patrick Harris in his Los Angeles home, shell also head to Brazil to meet with a faith healer and psychic surgeon. The host will watch his controversial procedures as theyre performed without anesthesia or sterilization. Season 2 of Oprah Prime premiered on Oprah Winfrey Network on Sunday July 22,2012 at 9,00 p. m. ET, with an episode featuring ten legendary olympians at Oprahs home in Montecito, California. On August 2,2012, Oprah Winfrey Network announced that Oprah Prime, would feature in-depth interviews in the season with Kelsey Grammer, Jennifer Hudson. Winfrey will talk to Stephen Colbert in his hometown of Charleston, Colbert agreed to be interviewed as himself, not his TV character as seen nightly on The Colbert Report. Colbert keeps his personal life separate from his persona. On January 17–18,2013, Oprah Winfrey Network aired a special edition of Oprah Prime featuring Lance Armstrongs first-ever on-air admission to doping. Oprah and Lance Armstrong, The Worldwide Exclusive was aired online at Oprah, according to early numbers, over 28 million viewers watched globally across all platforms. Across all airings,12.2 million people tuned in to see the telecasts on OWN in the U. S and these numbers are expected to rise as more data is collected. The interview garnered significant media attention in North America, with many speculating that this was Winfreys most important interview booking since beginning her network, Season 3 brought a new series title, Oprah Prime, and premiered March 9,2014. In the first episode, Winfrey interviews Russell Brand about his addiction and explores other stories about addiction
18.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
19.
Television in the United States
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Television is one of the major mass media of the United States. The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, individual broadcast television stations in the U. S. transmit on either VHF channels 2 through 13 or UHF channels 14 through 51. Over-the-air and subscription television networks, however, are not required to file for a license to operate, channels are usually sold in groups, rather than singularly. A la carte subscription services in the U. S, the United States has a decentralized, market-oriented television system, particularly in regard to broadcast television. The nation has a public television service known as the Public Broadcasting Service. Local media markets have their own stations, which may either be affiliated with or owned and operated by a television network. Arrangements in which television stations carried more than one network on its main signal were more common between the 1940s and the 1960s, although some continued as late as 2010. However unlike in other countries, to ensure local presences in television broadcasting, the international programming model is used in the U. S. The five major U. S. broadcast television networks are the National Broadcasting Company, CBS, the American Broadcasting Company, the Fox Broadcasting Company and the CW Television Network. The first and elder three began as radio networks, NBC and CBS respectively began operations in 1924 and 1927, weekday schedules on ABC, CBS, and NBC affiliates tend to be similar, with programming choices sorted by dayparts. Network daytime schedules consist of shows and soap operas, although one network – CBS – still carries game shows. Syndicated talk shows are shown in the afternoon, followed by additional local newscasts in the early evening time period. ABC, CBS and NBC offer network news programs each evening, local newscasts or syndicated programs fill the prime access hour or half-hour, and lead into the networks prime time schedules, which are the days most-watched three hours of television. The traditional prime time runs from 8,00 to 11,00 p. m. in the Eastern. Hour and leave that hour for their affiliates to provide programming of their own, later in the evening, drama series of various types air. Sunday is the night on American television, with many of TVs most popular shows airing on that night. At the end of time, another local news program is broadcast. Saturday mornings usually feature network programming aimed at children, while Sunday mornings include a form of public affairs program known as the Sunday morning talk shows, both of these help fulfill stations legal obligations, respectively to provide educational childrens programs and public service programming
20.
Daytime television
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Daytime television is a television genre which features television programming traditionally produced and scheduled to air between the hours of 9 a. m. and 5 p. m. It can also be defined as television programs that are broadcast before the watershed period, the term “daytime television” typically is used to describe the programming that airs during weekdays, weekend programming is often much different and more varied in nature. There are also programs that are designed for children, such as preschoolers. PBS, Nick Jr. Disney Junior and the Hub Network air that programming in the timeslot in the United States, with CBBC and CBeebies, CITV, the major providers of daytime pre-school programming in the United Kingdom. Another popular audience in this frame is the college student. Match Game, Family Feud, Card Sharks, Press Your Luck, soap operas such as General Hospital and The Young and the Restless continue to be popular in the U. S. UK and Canada. ESPN follows a similar format by running its flagship newscast, SportsCenter, childrens television networks usually use the 9 a. m –3 p. m. Sports television networks in the Americas can take advantage of the differences with Europe to fill their daytime slots with European sports such as soccer, cricket. The same pattern happens in Europe with Asia-Pacific sports, on weekends, daytime television is often devoted to domestic competitions. In the United States, American football, in particular, is a staple of Saturday and Sunday afternoons during the autumn months, in Latin America, soccer typically airs on weekend afternoons, therefore European sports air in the morning and noon. Local television stations news departments typically air a half-hour newscast, simplified with short pre-recorded stories, no live remotes or sports. Daytime television in the United States
21.
TV Guide
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In 1948, he printed New York City area listings magazine The TeleVision Guide. Silent film star Gloria Swanson, who then starred of the variety series The Gloria Swanson Hour. Wagner later began publishing regional editions of The TeleVision Guide for New England, five years later, he sold the editions to Walter Annenberg, who folded it into his publishing and broadcasting company Triangle Publications, but remained as a consultant for the magazine until 1963. The national TV Guides first issue was released on April 3,1953. The inaugural cover featured a photograph of Lucille Balls newborn son Desi Arnaz, Jr. with a photo of Ball placed in the top corner under the issues headline. The magazine was published in digest size, which remained its printed format for 52 years. The launch as a magazine with local listings in April 1953 became an almost instant success, with TV Guide becoming the most read. The initial cost of issue was 15¢ per copy. In addition to subscriptions, TV Guide was sold at the counters of grocery stores nationwide. Until the 1980s, the pieces included in each issue were promoted in a television commercial. Over the decades, the shape of the TV Guide logo has changed to reflect the modernization of the television screen, at first, the logo had various colored backgrounds until the familiar red background became the standard in the 1960s with occasional changes used for special editions. The magazine was first based in an office in downtown Philadelphia, before moving to more spacious national headquarters in Radnor. The color section was sent to regional printers to be wrapped around the local listing sections. It was under Triangles ownership of WFIL-TV that Dick Clark and American Bandstand came to popularity, most listing entries in the log included program genres after the programs title, while its running time was listed in the synopses. Originally, the majority of programs listed in the log each issue featured brief synopses, except for local and national newscasts, in addition, black-and-white ads for programs scheduled to air on broadcast stations – and later, cable channels – during prime time were included within the listings. A regular feature of the section was Close-Up, which provided expanded reviews of select programs airing each day. The advent of television would become hard on TV Guide. Channels that were listed also differed, depending on the edition, as the years went on, more cable channels were added into the listings of each edition
22.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
23.
Golden Globe Award
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
24.
The Color Purple (film)
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The Color Purple is a 1985 American period drama film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Menno Meyjes, based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name by Alice Walker. It was Spielbergs eighth film as a director, and was a change from the summer blockbusters for which he had become famous, the film was also the first feature-length film directed by Spielberg for which John Williams did not compose the music. The film starred Danny Glover, Desreta Jackson, Margaret Avery, Oprah Winfrey, Adolph Caesar, Rae Dawn Chong, Celie is transformed as she finds her self-worth through the help of two strong female companions. Set in rural Georgia during the first 40 years of the century, the film centers on the life of a fictional character named Celie. Celie and the characters tell a story of overcoming racism and misogyny in the rural south during this time period. Celie maintains her resolve throughout the story, by the end of the film, the characters have undergone remarkable changes and relationships have begun to heal. The Color Purple was shown at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival as a non-competing title, Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 88% based on reviews from 26 critics, with an average score of 6. 9/10. The sites consensus states, A sentimental tale that reveals great emotional truths in American history, roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times awarded the film four stars, calling it the years best film. He also praised Whoopi Goldberg, calling her one of the most amazing debut performances in movie history. The affirmation at the end of the film is so joyous that this is one of the few movies in a time that inspires tears of happiness. Siskel wrote that The Color Purple was a plea for respect for black women, although acknowledging that the film was a period drama, he praised its. Incredibly strong stand against the way black men treat black women, cruel is too kind a word to describe their behavior. The principal black men in The Color Purple use their women — both wives and daughters — as sexual chattel, if the book is set in the harsh, impoverished atmosphere of rural Georgia, the movie unfolds in a cozy, comfortable, flower-filled wonderland. Some parts of it are rapturous and stirring, others improbable. From another director, this might be confusing, but Mr. Spielbergs showmanship is still with him. Although the combination of his sensibilities and Miss Walkers amounts to a mismatch, Mr. Spielbergs Color Purple manages to have momentum, warmth. Variety found the film over-sentimental, writing, there are some scenes and great performances in The Color Purple. Steven Spielbergs turn at serious film-making is marred in more than one place by overblown production that threatens to drown in its own emotions
25.
Miami Vice
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Miami Vice was an American television crime drama series created by Anthony Yerkovich and executive produced by Michael Mann for NBC. The series starred Don Johnson as James Sonny Crockett and Philip Michael Thomas as Ricardo Rico Tubbs, the series ran for five seasons on NBC from 1984 to 1989. The USA Network began airing reruns in 1988, and broadcast an originally unaired episode during its run of the series on January 25,1990. Unlike standard police procedurals, the show drew heavily upon 1980s New Wave culture, the show became noted for its integration of music and visual effects. It has been called one of the Top 50 TV Shows, people magazine stated that Miami Vice was the first show to look really new and different since color TV was invented. In 2016, television critics Alan Sepinwall and Matt Zoller Seitz ranked Miami Vice as the 51st greatest American television show of all time, Michael Mann directed a film adaptation of the series, which was released on July 28,2006. The initial idea was for a movie about a pair of cops in Miami. Yerkovich then turned out a script for a pilot, titled Gold Coast. Yerkovich was immediately drawn to South Florida as a setting for his new-style police show, Miami Vice was one of the first American network television programs to be broadcast in stereophonic sound. It was mixed in stereo for its run, but not actually broadcast in stereo until 1985. In keeping with the namesake, most episodes focused on combating drug trafficking. Episodes often ended in a gun battle, claiming the lives of several criminals before they could be apprehended. An undercurrent of cynicism and futility underlies the entire series, the detectives repeatedly reference the Whac-A-Mole nature of drug interdiction, with its parade of drug cartels quickly replacing those that are apprehended. Co-executive producer Yerkovich explained, The choice of music and cinematography borrowed heavily from the emerging New Wave culture of the 1980s, as such, segments of Miami Vice would sometimes use music-based stanzas, a technique later featured in Baywatch. As Lee H. Katzin, one of the directors, remarked, The show is written for an MTV audience. These elements made the series into an instant hit, and in its first season saw an unprecedented fifteen Emmy Award nominations, while the first few episodes contained elements of a standard police procedural, the producers soon abandoned them in favor of a more distinctive style. Influenced by an Art Deco revival, no earth tones were allowed to be used in the production, mickey Rourke was also considered for the role, but he turned down the offer. Larry Wilcox, of CHiPs, was also a candidate for the role of Crockett, after dozens of candidates and a twice-delayed pilot shooting, Don Johnson and Philip Michael Thomas were chosen as the vice cops
26.
Don Johnson
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Donnie Wayne Don Johnson is an American actor, producer, director, singer, and songwriter. He is best known for his role as James Sonny Crockett in the 1980s television series Miami Vice, Johnson was born December 15,1949, in Flat Creek, Missouri. His mother, Nell, was a beautician, and his father, at the time of his birth, they were 19 and 17, respectively. At age 6, he moved from Missouri to Wichita, Kansas, a 1967 graduate of South High School, he was involved in the high schools theatre program. As a senior, he played the role of Tony in West Side Story. His biography noted that he had appeared in Burnt Cork and Melody. He also attended the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas, Johnson has spoken about his draft-exempt status and his dislike for war. Johnson studied drama at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco and his first major role was in the 1969 Los Angeles stage production of Fortune and Mens Eyes, in which he played Smitty, the lead role. This exposure led to the quickly forgotten film The Magic Garden of Stanley Sweetheart and he continued to work on stage, film and television without breaking out into stardom. His notable films from this period were Zachariah, The Harrad Experiment, Lollipop and Roses, in 1976, Johnson was roommates with actor Sal Mineo when Mineo was murdered outside their West Hollywood, California apartment. Miami Vice was noted for its use of music cinematography and imagery. In the show, his partner was Ricardo Tubbs, played by Philip Michael Thomas, between seasons, Johnson gained further renown through several TV miniseries, such as the 1985 TV remake of The Long, Hot Summer. Johnson later starred in the 1996–2001 drama Nash Bridges with Cheech Marin, Jeff Perry, Jaime P. Gomez, Johnson played the title role of Nash Bridges, an inspector for the San Francisco Police Department. In Nash Bridges Johnson was again paired with a convertible car. In January 2007, Johnson began a run in the West End of London production of Guys, Johnson also has a role in the Norwegian comedy Lange Flate Ballær 2, directed by Johnsons friend Harald Zwart. Johnson did the movie as a favour to Zwart, the movie was launched March 14,2008 in Norway, with Johnson making an appearance at the premiere. He next appeared in When in Rome with Danny DeVito, Anjelica Huston, Johnson and Jon Heder co-hosted WWEs Raw on January 18,2010. Johnson had a role in Robert Rodriguezs film Machete
27.
Larry King
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Larry King is an American television and radio host, whose work has been recognized with awards including two Peabodys and 10 Cable ACE Awards. He began as a local Florida journalist and radio interviewer in the 1950s and 1960s, from 1985 to 2010, he hosted the nightly interview television program Larry King Live on CNN. King was educated at Lafayette High School, a high school in the New York City borough of Brooklyn. His father died at 44 of an attack and his mother had to go on welfare to support her two sons. King was greatly affected by his fathers death, and he lost interest in school, after graduating from high school, he worked to help support his mother and did not go to college. From an early age, however, he had wanted to go into radio, a CBS staff announcer, whom King met by chance, suggested he go to Florida which was a growing media market with openings for inexperienced broadcasters. King went to Miami, and after initial setbacks, he got his first job in radio, the manager of a small station, WAHR in Miami Beach, hired him to clean up and perform miscellaneous tasks. When one of their announcers quit, they put King on the air and his first broadcast was on May 1,1957, when he worked as the disc jockey from 9 a. m. to noon. He also did two afternoon newscasts and a sportscast, within two years, he legally changed his name. He started doing interviews on a show for WIOD, at Pumperniks Restaurant in Miami Beach. He would interview anyone who walked in and his first interview was with a waiter at the restaurant. Two days later, singer Bobby Darin, in Miami for a concert later that day, walked into Pumperniks having come across Kings radio show and his Miami radio show launched him to local stardom. A few years later, in May 1960, he hosted Miami Undercover, on the show, he moderated debates on important issues of the time. King credits his success on television to the assistance of comedian Jackie Gleason. That show really took off because Gleason came to Miami, King said in a 1996 interview he gave when inducted into the Broadcasters Hall of Fame and he did that show and stayed all night with me. We stayed till five in the morning and he didnt like the set, so we broke into the general managers office and changed the set. Gleason changed the set, he changed the lighting, and he became like a mentor of mine. During this period, WIOD gave King further exposure as a commentator for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League, during their 1970 season
28.
Elizabeth Taylor
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Dame Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor, DBE was a British-American actress, businesswoman, and humanitarian. She began as an actress in the early 1940s, and was one of the most popular stars of classical Hollywood cinema in the 1950s. She continued her career successfully into the 1960s, and remained a well known figure for the rest of her life. The American Film Institute named her the seventh-greatest female screen legend in 1999, Born in London to wealthy, socially prominent American parents, Taylor moved with her family to Los Angeles in 1939, and she soon was given a film contract by Universal Pictures. Her screen debut was in a role in Theres One Born Every Minute. Taylor was then signed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and had her breakthrough role in National Velvet, becoming one of the studios most popular teenaged stars. She made the transition to adult roles in the early 1950s, despite being one of MGMs most bankable stars, Taylor wished to end her career in the early 1950s, as she resented the studios control and disliked many of the films to which she was assigned. She began receiving roles in the mid-1950s, beginning with the epic drama Giant. These included two film adaptations of plays by Tennessee Williams, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and Suddenly, Last Summer, although she disliked her role in BUtterfield 8, her last film for MGM, she won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance. She was next paid a record-breaking $1 million to play the role in the historical epic Cleopatra. During the filming, Taylor and co-star Richard Burton began having an affair which caused a scandal. Despite public disapproval, Burton and she continued their relationship and were married the first time in 1964. Dubbed Liz and Dick by the media, they starred in 11 films together, including The V. I. P. s, The Sandpiper, The Taming of the Shrew, and Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf. Taylor received the best reviews of her career for Woolf, winning her second Academy Award, in the 1980s, she acted in her first substantial stage roles and in several television films and series, and became the first celebrity to launch a perfume brand. Taylor was also one of the first celebrities to take part in HIV/AIDS activism and she co-founded the American Foundation for AIDS Research in 1985 and the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation in 1991. From the early 1990s until her death, she dedicated her time to philanthropy and she received several accolades for it, including the Presidential Citizens Medal. Taylors personal life was subject to constant media attention throughout her life and she was married eight times to seven men, endured serious illnesses, and led a jet set lifestyle, including amassing one of the most expensive private collections of jewelry. After many years of ill health, Taylor died from heart failure at the age of 79 in 2011
29.
Michael Jackson
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Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, record producer, dancer, actor, and philanthropist. Called the King of Pop, his contributions to music, dance, the eighth child of the Jackson family, Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5. He began his career in 1971. In the early 1980s, Jackson became a dominant figure in popular music, the popularity of these videos helped bring the television channel MTV to fame. Jacksons 1987 album Bad spawned the U. S and he continued to innovate with videos such as Black or White and Scream throughout the 1990s, and forged a reputation as a touring solo artist. Through stage and video performances, Jackson popularized a number of complicated dance techniques, such as the robot and his distinctive sound and style has influenced numerous artists of various music genres. Thriller is the album of all time, with estimated sales of 65 million copies worldwide. Jacksons other albums, including Off the Wall, Bad, Dangerous and he is recognized as the Most Successful Entertainer of All Time by Guinness World Records. Jackson won hundreds of awards, making him the most awarded recording artist in the history of popular music. He became the first artist in history to have a top ten single in the Billboard Hot 100 in five different decades when Love Never Felt So Good reached number nine on May 21,2014. Jackson traveled the world attending events honoring his humanitarianism, and, in 2000, aspects of Jacksons personal life, including his changing appearance, personal relationships, and behavior, generated controversy. In 1993, he was accused of sexual abuse, but the civil case was settled out of court for an undisclosed amount. In 2005, he was tried and acquitted of child sexual abuse allegations. While preparing for his concert series, This Is It, Jackson died of acute propofol and benzodiazepine intoxication on June 25,2009. The Los Angeles County Coroner ruled his death a homicide, and his personal physician, Jacksons death triggered a global outpouring of grief, and a live broadcast of his public memorial service was viewed around the world. Forbes ranks Jackson as the dead celebrity with earnings of $825 million in 2016. Michael Joseph Jackson was born on August 29,1958 and his mother, Katherine Esther Scruse, was a devout Jehovahs Witness. She played clarinet and piano and once aspired to be a country-and-western performer, michaels father, Joseph Walter Joe Jackson, a former boxer, was a steelworker at U. S. Steel
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Neverland Ranch
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Neverland Valley Ranch is a developed property in Santa Barbara County, California, located at 5225 Figueroa Mountain Road, Los Olivos, California 93441, first opened in 1988. It is most famous for being the home of the American entertainer Michael Jackson, Jackson named the property after Neverland, the fantasy island in the story of Peter Pan, a boy who never grows up. Michaels first encounter with the ranch came when he visited Paul McCartney, according to La Toya Jackson, Michael expressed interest to her in someday owning the property at that time. Today, the ranch is owned by the Estate of Michael Jackson, the ranch is located about 5 miles north of unincorporated Los Olivos, and about eight miles north of the town of Santa Ynez. The Chamberlin Ranch is to the west, and the rugged La Laguna Ranch, is to the north, the Santa Barbara County Assessors office says the ranch is approximately 3,000 acres. Michael Jackson purchased the property from golf course entrepreneur William Bone in 1988 for a sum reported to be 16.5 to 30 million US dollars. It was Jacksons home as well as his private amusement park and it contained a clock, numerous artistic garden statues featuring children. P. Huntington made by Chance Rides, there was also a Ferris wheel, Carousel, Zipper, Octopus, Pirate Ship, Wave Swinger, Super Slide, roller coaster, bumper cars, and an amusement arcade. The master closet also contained a safe room for security. Jackson was also an art collector. Neverland Ranch was searched extensively by police officers in connection with the People v. Jackson trial after he was charged with multiple counts of molesting a minor in 2003, Jackson was acquitted of all charges. However, Jackson stated he would never live at the property again as he no longer considered the ranch a home and he stated he felt the 70 police officers had violated the property in their searches. In 2006, the facilities were closed and most of the staff were dismissed, reports of foreclosure proceedings alleged to have commenced against Neverland Ranch on October 22,2007 were published. However, a spokesperson for Jackson said that the loan was merely being refinanced and Jackson remained the majority stake holder, before the agreement, Jackson owed three months arrears on the property. McMillan did not reveal the details of the deal, on May 12,2008, a foreclosure auction for the ranch was canceled after Colony Capital LLC, an investment company run by billionaire Tom Barrack, purchased the loan, which was in default. Jackson still owned a stake in the property, since Sycamore Valley Ranch was a joint venture between Jackson and an affiliate of Colony Capital. The Santa Barbara County Assessors Office stated Jackson sold an unknown proportion of his property rights for $35 million, kyle Forsyth, Colonys project manager, describes the estates Tudor-style buildings and savannah-like grasslands as English country manor meets Kenya. Eventually, Colony hopes to sell the ranch, located in Santa Barbara County, subdividing it, says Mr. Forsyth, would destroy it
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Joe Jackson (manager)
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Joseph Walter Joe Jackson is a talent manager and is the patriarch of the Jackson family of entertainers which includes the artists Janet Jackson and Michael Jackson. Jackson was the eldest of five children, which included brothers Lawrence and Luther and sisters Lula Mae, Jackson is of African and distant Native American ancestry. Joe Jackson recalled from childhood that his father was domineering and strict. When he was 18, after his father remarried, he moved to East Chicago to live with his mother and he soon got a job in East Chicago at Inland Steel Company, but did not finish high school. While in East Chicago, he began to pursue his dreams of becoming a boxer, Joseph and Katherine were married on November 5,1949. In January 1950, they purchased a small two-bedroom home next to East Chicago in Gary, the Jacksons first child, Maureen Reillette Rebbie Jackson, was born four months later on May 29,1950, in the Jackson house. In the meantime, his wife Katherine tended to their growing family, the Jacksons would go on to have ten children. During the early 1950s, Jackson briefly performed with his own blues band The Falcons, despite their efforts, The Falcons did not get a recording deal and subsequently broke up after one of their members, Thornton Pookie Hudson, founded his own band in 1952. That band would go on to become a successful doo-wop group named The Spaniels, Jackson began working with his sons musical group in the early 1960s, first working with his three eldest sons, Jackie, Tito and Jermaine. Younger sons Marlon and Michael eventually joined the backing band, Joseph began enforcing long and intense rehearsals for his sons. At first, the group went under The Jackson Brothers, following the inclusions of Marlon and Michael in the group and Michaels increased vocal presence within the group, their name was changed to the The Jackson Five. On November 21,1967, The Jackson Five were signed by Jackson to their first professional contract with Gordon Keith, an owner and the first president of Steeltown Records in Gary, Indiana. The groups first single Big Boy, with Michael as the singer, was released by Keith on January 31,1968 on the Steeltown label. Big Boy became a hit and Michael and his brothers became local celebrities when. Within the year, Jackson helped to land his sons an audition for Motown Records in Detroit, the Jackson Five were signed with Motown in March 1969. Jackson later relocated his family to California and supervised every recording session the group made for Motown, Joseph had also opened his own record label, Ivory Tower International Records and signed artists under his management in which they toured internationally with The Jackson 5 as opening acts in 1974. In 1978, Josephs youngest son, Randy, released his solo single How Can I Be Sure under Josephs record label, in 1982, Joseph established Janet Jacksons career at age 16 as a recording artist while managing her. He financed the recording of his daughters first demo then, arranged her a contract with A&M Records and began recording her debut album
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Tom Cruise
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Thomas Cruise Mapother IV, known professionally as Tom Cruise, is an American actor and producer. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards and he started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love. After portraying supporting roles in Taps and The Outsiders, his first leading role was in the romantic comedy Risky Business, Cruise became a full-fledged movie star after starring as Pete Maverick Mitchell in the action drama Top Gun. One of the biggest movie stars in Hollywood, Cruise starred in more successful films in the 1980s, including the dramas The Color of Money, Cocktail, Rain Man. In 2012, Cruise was Hollywoods highest-paid actor,16 of his films grossed over $100 million domestically,22 have grossed in excess of $200 million worldwide. In 2002, Cruise won the Saturn Award for Best Actor for Vanilla Sky, in 2003, he won an AFI Movie of the Year Award for The Last Samurai and an Empire Award for Best Actor for Minority Report. Cruise is an advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs. Cruise was born in Syracuse, New York, the son of Mary Lee, a special teacher, and Thomas Cruise Mapother III. He has three sisters, Lee Anne, Marian, and Cass and they are of English, German, and Irish ancestry. One of Cruises paternal great-great-great-grandfathers, Patrick Russell Cruise, was born in north County Dublin in 1799, he married Teresa Johnson in County Meath and they left Ireland for the United States that same year and settled in New York. They had a daughter, Mary Paulina Russell Cruise, whose son Thomas Cruise Mapother was Cruises great-grandfather, a cousin, William Mapother, is also an actor, he and Cruise have appeared in five films together. Cruise grew up in poverty, and had a Catholic upbringing. The family was dominated by his father, whom Cruise has described as a merchant of chaos. Cruise has said that he was beaten by his father, whom he has called a bully and he stated, He was the kind of person where, if something goes wrong, they kick you. It was a lesson in my life—how hed lull you in, make you feel safe and then. For me, it was like, Theres something wrong with this guy, Cruise spent part of his childhood in Canada. His family moved to Beacon Hill, Ottawa, in late 1971 so that Cruises father could take a position as a consultant with the Canadian Armed Forces. There, Cruise attended the newly opened Robert Hopkins Public School for much of grade four, in grade four, Cruise first became involved in drama, under the tutelage of George Steinburg
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Katie Holmes
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Kate Noelle Katie Holmes is an American actress, model, and filmmaker who first achieved fame for her role as Joey Potter on The WB television teen drama Dawsons Creek from 1998 to 2003. She appeared in 1998s Disturbing Behavior, a thriller, which won her an MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance, in 2000 Holmes featured in Wonder Boys which got positive attention from many leading critics. Holmes had a role in 2003s Pieces of April, a gritty comedy about a dysfunctional family on Thanksgiving. In the 2005 film Batman Begins, the most successful film of her career to date, she played Rachel Dawes, Gotham Citys assistant district attorney and Bruce Waynes childhood sweetheart. She also appeared in art films such as The Ice Storm, horror films such as Dont Be Afraid of the Dark. She has also played on Broadway in a production of Arthur Millers All My Sons and had numerous guest roles on programs such as How I Met Your Mother. In 2011, she starred as Jacqueline Kennedy in the The Kennedys miniseries and her marriage to actor Tom Cruise from 2006 to 2012 led to a great deal of media attention, with the pair being called a supercouple and given the nickname TomKat. Holmes was born in Toledo, Ohio and she is the youngest of five children born to Kathleen, a homemaker and philanthropist, and Martin Joseph Holmes, Sr. an attorney. She has three sisters and one brother, Holmes was baptized a Roman Catholic and attended Christ the King Church in Toledo. She graduated from the all-female Notre Dame Academy in Toledo, where she was a 4.0 student. At St. Johns Jesuit and St. Francis de Sales, nearby high schools, Holmes appeared in school musicals, playing a waitress in Hello, Dolly. She scored 1310 out of 1600 on her SAT and was accepted to Columbia University, at age 14, she began classes at a modeling school in Toledo which led her to the International Modeling and Talent Association Competition held in New York City in 1996. Eventually, Holmes was signed to an agent after performing a monologue from To Kill a Mockingbird, in January 1997, Holmes went to Los Angeles for pilot season, when producers cast and shoot new programs in the hopes of securing a spot on a network schedule. The Toledo Blade reported she was offered the lead in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, I was doing my school play, Damn Yankees. I even got to wear the feather boa, I thought, There is no way Im not playing Lola to go audition for some network. I couldnt let my school down and we had already sold a lot of tickets. So I told Kevin and The WB, Im sorry, I just cant meet with you this week. The producers permitted her to audition on videotape, Holmes read for the part of Joey Potter, the tomboy best friend of the title character Dawson, on a videotape shot in her basement, her mother reading Dawsons lines
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Celine Dion
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Céline Marie Claudette Dion, CC OQ ChLD is a Canadian singer and businesswoman. Dion first gained recognition in the 1980s by winning both the 1982 Yamaha World Popular Song Festival and the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest where she represented Switzerland. Following a series of French albums during the 1980s, she signed on to Epic Records in the United States, in 1990, Dion released her debut English-language album, Unison, establishing herself as a viable pop artist in North America and other English-speaking areas of the world. During the 1990s, with the help of Angélil, she achieved fame after releasing several English albums along with additional French albums. Her albums, Falling into You and Lets Talk About Love, were certified diamond in the US while Deux became the best-selling French-language album of all time. However, in 1999 at the height of her success, Dion announced a hiatus from entertainment to start a family and spend time with her husband and she returned to the top of pop music in 2002 and signed to perform nightly in A New Day. A five-star theatrical show at the Colosseum at Caesars Palace, Paradise and it became the most successful residency show of all time, grossing US $385 million. Dions music has influenced by genres ranging from rock and R&B to gospel. Her recordings are mainly in French and English, although she sings in Spanish, Italian, German, Latin, Japanese. While her releases have received mixed critical reception, she is regarded as one of pop musics most influential voices. Dion has won five Grammy Awards, including Album of the Year and she is the second best-selling female artist in the US during the Nielsen SoundScan era. In 2003, Dion was honoured by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry for selling over 50 million albums in Europe, Dion remains the best-selling Canadian artist and one of the best-selling artists of all time with record sales of over 200 million copies worldwide. Dion was born in Charlemagne, Quebec, Canada, the youngest of 14 children of Thérèse, a homemaker, and Adhémar Dion, Dion was raised a Roman Catholic in a poverty-stricken, but, by her own account, happy home in Charlemagne. Music had always been a part of the Dion family, indeed, Dion herself was named after the song Céline. Thereafter, she continued to perform with her siblings in her parentss small piano bar called Le Vieux Baril, from an early age, Dion had dreamed of being a performer. In a 1994 interview with People magazine, she recalled, I missed my family and my home, I had one dream, I wanted to be a singer. At age 12, Dion collaborated with her mother and her brother Jacques to write and compose her first song, Ce nétait quun rêve, whose title translates as It Was Only a Dream or Nothing But A Dream. Her brother, Michel Dion, sent the recording to music manager René Angélil, Angélil was moved to tears by Dions voice and decided to make her a star
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Gayle King
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Gayle King is an American television personality. She has appeared as the co-anchor of CBS This Morning and an editor-at-large for O, King was born in Chevy Chase, Maryland. Her father was an engineer and her mother was a homemaker. As a result of her fathers work, King spent several years of her childhood in Turkey, the family later returned to Maryland. She graduated from the University of Maryland in 1976 with a degree in psychology and sociology. King then moved to Kansas City, Missouri where she was a reporter, in 1981, she was hired as a news anchor for WFSB in Hartford, Connecticut, where she worked for 18 years. Part of that time, she lived in Glastonbury, CT, in 1991, King briefly cohosted an NBC daytime talk show with Robin Wagner called Cover to Cover which was cancelled after 13 weeks. In 1997 she was offered her own syndicated talk show, The Gayle King Show, King joined O, The Oprah Magazine as an editor in 1999. She has also worked as a correspondent for The Oprah Winfrey Show. In September 2006, King began to host The Gayle King Show on XM Satellite Radio, King was rumored to be considered as a replacement for both Star Jones and Rosie ODonnell as a host on The View, but neither of these came to fruition. King was also rumored to have been a replacement if co-host Elisabeth Hasselbeck had left The View in May 2009. King began hosting a new show, also called The Gayle King Show, on November 10,2011, King secured a deal with CBS to co-anchor CBS This Morning, beginning on January 9,2012. As a result, The Gayle King Show ended on November 17,2011, King has been a friend of Oprah Winfrey since 1976. She is also a friend of Howard Stern, despite Sterns and she was married to Bill Bumpus, an attorney and an assistant attorney general in Connecticut, from 1982 to 1993. She has a son and a daughter, Gayle King at the Internet Movie Database Oprah and Friends at XM Satellite Radio Appearances on C-SPAN
Media related to The Oprah Winfrey Show at Wikimedia Commons