1.
The Tonight Show
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The Tonight Show is an American late-night talk show currently broadcast from the Rockefeller Center in New York City and airing on NBC since 1954. It is the worlds longest-running talk show, and the longest running and it is the third-longest-running show on NBC, after the news-and-talk shows Today and Meet the Press. Over the course of more than 60 years, The Tonight Show has undergone only minor title changes and it aired under the name Tonight for several of its early years, eventually settling on The Tonight Show after the seating of long-time host Johnny Carson in 1962. In 1957, the show briefly tried a more news-style format and it has otherwise remained a talk show throughout its run. The Tonight Show began broadcasting in 1954 and it has had six official hosts, beginning with Steve Allen, followed by Jack Paar, Johnny Carson, Jay Leno, Conan OBrien, and Jimmy Fallon. It has had recurring guest hosts, a practice especially common during the Paar. Carson is the longest-serving host to date, the Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson aired for 30 seasons between October 1962 and May 1992. Leno, however, has the record of having hosted the greatest number of total televised episodes, during Johnny Carsons first eighteen years, the show ran for ninety minutes. During Johnnys 1980 contract negotiations, the show was shortened to sixty minutes, besides the guest hosts Johnny used, NBC ran The Best of Carson which was reruns of popular older shows Johnny had done. Prior to the starting of Saturday Night Live in 1975, NBC showed The Best of Carson on Saturday nights at 11,30 pm, outside of its brief run as a news show in 1957, OBrien is the shortest-serving host. OBrien hosted 146 episodes over the course of less than eight months, current host Fallon took the helm on February 17,2014. Fallon had previously hosted Late Night, and before Late Night he was a member of the cast of Saturday Night Live. From 1950 to 1951 NBC aired Broadway Open House, a variety show hosted primarily by comic Jerry Lester. Broadway… demonstrated the potential for late-night network programming. The format of The Tonight Show can be traced to a nightly 40-minute local program in New York, hosted by Allen and it was quickly retitled The Steve Allen Show. This premiered in 1953 on WNBT-TV, the local affiliate in New York City. Beginning in September 1954, it was renamed Tonight. and began its run on the full NBC network. Notes for hosting history The first Tonight announcer was Gene Rayburn, when the show became a success, Allen got a primetime Sunday comedy/variety show in June 1956, leading him to share Tonight hosting duties with Ernie Kovacs during the 1956–57 season
2.
Jay Leno
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James Douglas Muir Jay Leno is an American comedian, actor, philanthropist and television host. After doing standup comedy for years, he became the host of NBCs The Tonight Show with Jay Leno from 1992 to 2009. Beginning in September 2009, Leno started a talk show, titled The Jay Leno Show. After The Jay Leno Show was canceled in January 2010 amid a host controversy and he hosted his last episode of The Tonight Show on February 6,2014. That year, he was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame, Leno was born in New Rochelle, New York. His homemaker mother, Catherine, was born in Greenock, Scotland and his father, Angelo, was an insurance salesman who was born in New York, to immigrants from Flumeri, Italy. Leno grew up in Andover, Massachusetts, and graduated from Andover High School, Leno obtained a bachelors degree in speech therapy from Emerson College, where he started a comedy club in 1973. His older brother, Patrick, was a Vietnam War veteran who worked as an attorney, Leno made his first appearance on The Tonight Show on March 2,1977, performing a comedy routine. During the 1970s, Leno appeared in roles in several television series and films, first in the 1976 episode J. J. in Trouble of Good Times. After an uncredited appearance in the 1977 film Fun with Dick and Jane, he played more prominent roles in 1978 in American Hot Wax, Lenos only starring film role was the 1989 direct-to-video Collision Course, opposite Pat Morita. He also appeared numerous times on Late Night with David Letterman, starting in 1987, Leno was a regular substitute host for Johnny Carson on The Tonight Show. The story of this turbulent transition was later turned into a book, Leno continued to perform as a stand-up comedian throughout his tenure on The Tonight Show. In 2004, Leno signed an extension with NBC which would keep him as host of The Tonight Show until 2009. Later in 2004, Conan OBrien signed a contract with NBC under which OBrien would become the host of The Tonight Show in 2009, during the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, Leno was accused of violating WGA guidelines by writing his own monologue for The Tonight Show. While NBC and Leno claim there were meetings with the WGA where there was a secret agreement allowing this. In 1998, Leno competed in a match at the WCWs Road Wild pay-per-view. Since 2001, he has voiced The Crimson Chin, a superhero in the Nickelodeon animated series The Fairly OddParents. Leno said in 2008 that he was saving all of his income from The Tonight Show, on April 23,2009, Leno checked himself into a hospital with an undisclosed illness
3.
Branford Marsalis
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Branford Marsalis is an American saxophonist, composer and bandleader. He has been cited as arguably the most respected living U. S. jazz instrumentalist, while primarily known for his work in jazz as the leader of the Branford Marsalis Quartet, he also performs frequently as a soloist with classical ensembles and has led the group Buckshot LeFonque. Marsalis was born in Breaux Bridge, Louisiana, the son of Dolores, a singer and substitute teacher. His brothers Jason Marsalis, Wynton Marsalis, Ellis Marsalis III, and Delfeayo Marsalis, in mid-1980, while still a Berklee College of Music student, Marsalis toured Europe playing alto and baritone saxophone in a large ensemble led by drummer Art Blakey. He became a regular in Stings line-up both in the studio and live up until the release of Brand New Day in 1999, in 1994, Marsalis appeared on the Red Hot Organizations compilation CD, Stolen Moments, Red Hot + Cool. The album, meant to raise awareness of the AIDS epidemic in African American society, was named Album of the Year by Time, in 1988, Marsalis co-starred in the Spike Lee film School Daze, also rendering several horn-blowing interludes for the music in the film. His witty comments have pegged him to many memorable one-liners in the film, from 1992 to 1995, Branford was the leader of the Tonight Show Band on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Initially, he turned down the offer, but later reconsidered and accepted the position and he was succeeded as bandleader by guitarist Kevin Eubanks. Between 1990 and 1994, Branford played with the Grateful Dead several times, Marsalis released a second Buckshot LeFonque recording in 1997. His primary interest since 1996 has been on his quartet, classical performance, with original member Jeff Tain Watts on drums, bassist Eric Revis replaced Hurst in 1997, while pianist Joey Calderazzo became a member after Kirklands death the following year. The Branford Marsalis Quartet has toured and recorded extensively, receiving a Grammy in 2001 for the album Contemporary Jazz, Marsalis placed greater emphasis on classical music since the 2001 release of his album Creation. Performances with symphony orchestras and chamber ensembles worldwide have become a significant part of his itinerary, in October and November 2008, Marsalis toured the U. S. with Philarmonia Brasileira, performing music by Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, arranged for solo saxophone and orchestra. This project commemorated the 50th Anniversary of the composers death, in 2002, Marsalis founded his own label, Marsalis Music. Its catalogue includes Claudia Acuña, Harry Connick Jr. Doug Wamble, Miguel Zenón, Marsalis has also become involved in college education, with appointments at Michigan State, San Francisco State, and North Carolina Central University. In 2012, Marsalis and Connick received the S. Roger Horchow Award for Greatest Public Service by a Private Citizen and this project commemorated the 50th Anniversary of the revered Brazilian composer s death. Branford Marsalis and the members of his joined the North Carolina Symphony for American Spectrum. The album showcases Marsalis and the orchestra performing a range of American music by Michael Daugherty, John Williams, Ned Rorem and Christopher Rouse, on July 14,2010, Marsalis made his debut with the New York Philharmonic on Central Parks Great Lawn. Led by conductor Andrey Boreyko, Marsalis and the New York Philharmonic performed Glazunovs Concerto for Alto Saxophone and Schuloffs Hot-Sonate for Alto Saxophone and Orchestra
4.
Kevin Eubanks
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Kevin Tyrone Eubanks is an American jazz and fusion guitarist and composer who was the leader of the Tonight Show Band with host Jay Leno from 1995 to 2010. He also led the Primetime Band on the short-lived The Jay Leno Show, Eubanks was born into a musical family. His mother, Vera Eubanks, is a gospel and classical pianist and organist and his uncle, Ray Bryant, was a jazz pianist. His older brother, Robin Eubanks, is a trombonist, two cousins are also musicians, the late bassist David Eubanks and the pianist Charles Eubanks. Kevin studied violin and trumpet before settling on the guitar, as an elementary school student, Eubanks was trained in violin, trumpet, and piano at the Settlement Music School in Philadelphia. He later attended Berklee College of Music in Boston and then moved to New York to begin his professional career, Eubanks is a pescetarian and maintains a diet of fresh fruits, vegetables, grains, egg whites, and fish. He is also a fan of Philadelphia sports teams. He once lost a bet on the Philadelphia 76ers, and he was forced to eat a dog when he lost. In 2007, he was voted PETAs Worlds Sexiest Vegetarian Man, after Eubanks moved to New York, he began performing with noted jazzmen such as Art Blakey, Roy Haynes, Slide Hampton and Sam Rivers. Like his brother Robin, he has played on record with double bassist Dave Holland. In 1983, while continuing to perform with others, he formed his own quartet, playing gigs in Jordan, Pakistan and his first recording as a leader, Guitarist, was released on the Elektra label when Eubanks was 25 years old. It led to a contract with the GRP label and four albums for Blue Note. In total, Eubanks has appeared on over 100 albums, in 2001, he founded the label Insoul Music on which he has released six albums. Eubanks has taught at the Banff School of Fine Arts in Canada, at Rutgers University, in 2005, Eubanks received an honorary doctorate degree from his alma mater, Berklee College of Music. He is a member of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity and has served as a member of the Artistic Advisory Panel of the BMI Foundation since 1999. In 1992, Eubanks moved to the West Coast to assume the spot in The Tonight Show Band. At this time, he composed The Tonight Show with Jay Lenos closing theme music, in 1995, Eubanks replaced Branford Marsalis to become the leader of The Tonight Show Band. He served in capacity from 1995 to 2010
5.
Wally Wingert
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Wally Wingert is an American voice actor, actor, singer and former radio personality who has done numerous voice work in various animated films, television shows, video games and commercials. Wingert was born in Des Moines, Iowa, but soon moved to Sioux Falls, in the early 1980s, he appeared as disc jockey Dennis Jimenez on KELO AM1320 in Sioux Falls. He was the announcer for the incarnation of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. He currently works and lives in Los Angeles, California, true Hollywood Story - Andy Art of the Deal - Jesus Christ Brotherhood - Mr. X Crime of Passion - Tony Carrin Just Shoot Me. - Himself Wacky Wallys Vintage Toys, - Himself Wannabe - Chain Gang Actor #1 What About Me. - Killer In 1989, Wingert parodied the song Wild, Wild West on the Dr. Demento radio show as Adam West, official website Wally Wingert at the Internet Movie Database Wally Wingert at Anime News Networks encyclopedia
6.
The Burbank Studios
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The Burbank Studios is a television production facility located in Burbank, California. The studio is home to Days of Our Lives, The Robert Irvine Show, the West Coast Radio City opened in 1938 and served as headquarters to the NBC Radio Networks West Coast operations. It served as a replacement for NBCs radio broadcast center in San Francisco, since NBC never owned a radio station in Los Angeles, the networks West Coast programming originated from its San Francisco station. The architect for the distinctive Streamline Moderne building at Sunset and Vine was John C, rCAs decision to expand television studio facilities required moving to the real estate market in the San Fernando Valley-Burbank area, with land purchased from Jack Warner. KNBC moved to a new building in 1962, in 1964, the West Coast Radio City building was demolished, as NBC moved more of their West Coast television operations to the Burbank facility. The site is now occupied by a bank and this studio hosted production of many of the best-remembered game and variety shows from the 1950s through the 1990s, including The Tonight Show beginning in 1972. In that year, Johnny Carson moved the show to California from New York where it remained until 2009 when Jay Leno handed hosting duties to Conan OBrien, during the late 1960s, the Carson Tonight Show would move for periods to Burbank, using studio 1. After the permanent move to Burbank, Bob Hopes show taped in studio 1, the short-lived The Tonight Show with Conan OBrien taped a few miles away at Universal Studios in Studio One. Upon Lenos return as host of the The Tonight Show in 2010, it resumed taping in the Burbank facility, until his final departure in 2014. In October 2007, the announced that it planned to move most of its operations from Burbank to a new complex across the street from Universal Studios in Universal City. It would retain offices at the Burbank site until May,2013, the former Technicolor building on the Universal lot serves as the new home to NBCs West Coast Operations. KNBC4 and NBC News, along with KVEA Telemundo 52, in preparation for the move, The Ellen DeGeneres Show moved to the nearby Warner Bros. Studios in 2008, and when Conan OBrien assumed hosting duties, the Jay Leno Show continued to broadcast from the NBC Burbank studios as Lenos Tonight Show had, though from Studio 11. From March 1,2010 to February 6,2014, the The Tonight Show taped at Studio 11. The Tonight Show moved back to New York City in 2014 when Jimmy Fallon replaced the departing Leno, the Burbank facility was one of the few television-specific studio facilities in Hollywood that offered tours to the general public until they ceased July 6,2012. Today, the studio houses Days of Our Lives, The Robert Irvine Show, programs produced here over the years include, GE Building NBC Tower NBC Radio City Studios Official website
7.
Universal Television
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Universal Television is the television production subsidiary of the NBCUniversal Television Group and, by extension, the production arm of the NBC television network. It was formerly known as Revue Studios, MCA/Universal, NBC Studios, NBC Universal Television Studio, both NBC Studios and Universal Network Television are predecessors of Universal Media Studios. Revue Productions was founded in 1943 by MCA to produce live radio shows, Revue was re-launched as MCAs television production subsidiary in 1950. The partnership of NBC and Revue extends as far back as September 6,1950, with the television broadcast of Armour Theatre, MCA bought the Universal Studios lot in 1958 and was renamed Revue Studios. Following its merger with Decca Records, the then-parent of Universal Pictures, during the early years of television, Revue was responsible for producing and/or distributing many television classics. The most noteworthy included Leave It to Beaver, which ran for one season on CBS before going to ABC from 1958 until 1963. It produced Bachelor Father, for Bachelor Productions, Edmond OBriens syndicated crime drama Johnny Midnight, another of its offerings was the 52-episode Crusader, the first Brian Keith series, which ran on CBS 1955–1956. Also McHales Navy was produced by Revue from 1962 to 1966, in December 1958 MCA/Revue purchased Universal Studioss 367 acre backlot to produce television series, then leased it back to Universal for a million dollars a year for a decade. Wagon Train was the only Revue-produced TV show ever to finish an American television season in first place, NBC Productions was founded in 1947 by RCA. In 1996, the company was renamed NBC Studios, in 2004, NBC Studios was merged with Universal Network Television to form NBC Universal Television Studio. MCA TV was founded in 1951, several years before parent MCAs purchase of the US branch of Decca Records, for more than four decades, it was one of the most active syndicators of television programming. MCA Television and Paramount Domestic Television had formed Premier Advertiser Sales, as a possible outgrowth of this sales joint venture, MCA and Paramount began plans for a new network, Premier Program Service. MCA Television Entertainment was formed in 1987 and it primarily dealt with made-for-TV movies and series like Dream On that were made for cable networks like HBO. Like MCA TV, in 1996 it was renamed Universal Television Entertainment, EMKA, Ltd. is the holding company responsible for a majority of the pre-1950 Paramount Pictures sound library. As an official part of the Universal Pictures library, they are part of the television unit. The first incarnation of Universal Television was reincorporated from Revue Productions in 1966,4 years after MCA bought Universal Pictures, uni TV also co-produced many shows with Jack Webbs Mark VII Limited such as Emergency. Adam-12 and a revival of the 1951 series Dragnet. I, which received critical acclaim and several TV movie spin-offs after their cancellations. In 1990, MCA/Uni TV began the Law & Order franchise, in 1996, MCA was reincorporated as Universal Studios
8.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
9.
1080i
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1080i is an abbreviation referring to a combination of frame resolution and scan type, used in high-definition television and high-definition video. The number 1080 refers to the number of lines on the screen. The term assumes a widescreen ratio of 16,9, so the 1080 lines of vertical resolution implies 1920 columns of horizontal resolution. A1920 pixels ×1080 lines screen has a total of 2.1 megapixels and this format is used in the SMPTE 292M standard. The choice of 1080 lines originates with Charles Poynton, who in the early 1990s pushed for square pixels to be used in HD video formats, within the designation 1080i, the i stands for interlaced scan. A frame of 1080i video consists of two fields of 1920 horizontal and 540 vertical pixels. The first field consists of all odd-numbered TV lines and the second all even numbered lines, 1080i differs from 1080p, where the p stands for progressive scan, where all lines in a frame are captured at the same time. In native or pure 1080i, the two fields of a frame correspond to different instants, so motion portrayal is good and this is true for interlaced video in general and can be easily observed in still images taken of fast motion scenes. However, when 1080p material is captured at 25 or 30 frames/second, it is converted to 1080i at 50 or 60 fields/second, respectively, in this situation both fields in a frame do correspond to the same instant. The field-to-instant relation is more complex for the case of 1080p at 24 frames/second converted to 1080i at 60 fields/second. Both field rates can be carried by digital television broadcast formats such as ATSC, DVB. The frame rate can be implied by the context, while the rate is generally specified after the letter i. In this case 1080i60 refers to 60 fields per second, the European Broadcasting Union prefers to use the resolution and frame rate separated by a slash, as in 1080i/30 and 1080i/25, likewise 480i/30 and 576i/25. Resolutions of 1080i60 or 1080i50 often refers to 1080i/30 or 1080i/25 in EBU notation, 1080i is directly compatible with some CRT HDTVs on which it can be displayed natively in interlaced form, but for display on progressive-scan—e. g. Most new LCD and plasma TVs, it must be deinterlaced, depending on the televisions video processing capabilities, the resulting video quality may vary, but may not necessarily suffer. For example, film material at 25fps may be deinterlaced from 1080i50 to restore a full 1080p resolution at the frame rate without any loss. Preferably video material with 50 or 60 motion phases/second is to be converted to 50p or 60p before display, worldwide, most HD channels on satellite and cable broadcast in 1080i. This also allows local newscasts on these ABC affiliates to be produced in the resolution to match the picture quality of their 1080i competitors
10.
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson
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The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson is a talk show hosted by Johnny Carson under The Tonight Show franchise from October 1,1962 through May 22,1992. In 2002, The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson was ranked No.12 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, particularly during the early years of Carsons tenure, his guests included politicians such as former U. S. Vice President Richard M. Nixon, former U. S. Attorney General Robert F. Psychologist Joyce Brothers was also one of Carsons most frequent guests. Carson strongly disliked prop comedy and generally refused to have such comics on his show, gallagher first appeared on The Tonight Show Dec.5,1975, when he demonstrated his prop, The Tonight Show Home Game, and Carson noted that it was his first appearance. Gallagher again appeared on May 9,1979, a show hosted by Carson, mort Sahl recalled, The producer crouches just off camera and holds up a card that says, Go to commercial. So Carson goes to a commercial and the team rushes up to his desk to discuss what had gone wrong. Actor Robert Blake once compared being interviewed by Carson to facing the death squad or Broadway on opening night, the publicity value of appearing on Tonight was so great, however, that most guests were willing to subject themselves to the risk. The shows announcer and Carsons sidekick was Ed McMahon, who from the very first show would introduce Carson with a drawn-out Heeeeeeeeeres Johnny. The catchphrase was heard nightly for 30 years, and ranked top of the TV Land poll of U. S. McMahon, who held the same role in Carsons ABC game show Who Do You Trust. For five years previously, would remain standing to the side as Carson did his monologue, laughing at his jokes, the two would usually interact in a comic spot for a short while before the first guest was introduced. McMahon stated in a 1978 profile of Carson in The New Yorker that the ‘Tonight Show’ is my staple diet, my meat and potatoes—I’m realistic enough to know that everything else stems from that. After a 1965 incident in which he ruined Carsons joke on the air McMahon was careful to, as he said and he wrote in his 1998 autobiography, My role on the show never was strictly defined. I did what had to be done when it had to be done, I was there when he needed me, and when he didnt I moved down the couch and kept quiet. I did the audience warm-up, I did commercials, for a brief period I co-hosted the first fifteen minutes of the show, and I performed in many sketches. On our thirteenth-anniversary show Johnny and I were talking at his desk and he said and he paused long enough for me to recognize my cue, so I asked, How long is it. Thats why youre here, he said, probably summing up my primary role on the show perfectly. I had to him, I had to help him get to the punch line. Many nights Id be listening to Johnny and in my mind Id reach the same ad lib just as he said it, Id have to bite my tongue not to say it out loud
11.
The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien
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The Tonight Show with Conan OBrien was an American late-night talk show that featured Conan OBrien as host from June 1,2009, to January 22,2010, as part of NBCs long-running Tonight Show franchise. OBrien previously hosted NBCs Late Night with Conan OBrien, which followed The Tonight Show with Jay Leno for 16 years, many members of the Late Night cast and crew made the transition to The Tonight Show. The Max Weinberg 7, the band from OBriens Late Night, served as the house band under the new name, Max Weinberg. Andy Richter returned to the show as announcer, and also began resuming his role as sidekick, the opening and closing theme song from Late Night was also carried over to Tonight, in a slightly altered form. He feared it would ruin the long and rich tradition of The Tonight Show, after two weeks of negotiations, NBC announced that they had paid $45 million to buy out OBriens contract, ending both his tenure as host as well as his relationship with NBC after 22 years. It later received four Primetime Emmy nominations, including Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Series, at only 146 episodes over the course of seven months and three weeks, it is the shortest-running iteration in the sixty-year history of The Tonight Show. The show followed the established six-piece format used previous hosts Jay Leno and Johnny Carson, the first segment included a monologue by OBrien, sometimes accompanied by altered news clips, or several brief comedy sketches. Most episodes also included a segment, immediately after the monologue. An interview with one or two guests followed, as well as a musical or comedy performance. After the last performance segment, OBrien walks on camera to thank the performers, for the first six shows, the credits ran in the right half of a split screen, a former NBC standard that Late Night continued to use long after the network abandoned it. After episode seven, NBCs current practice of running credits at the third of the screen was employed. The Conaco and Universal Media Studios production tags are then shown in full-screen, sketches from Late Night reintroduced include In the Year 2000 as In the Year 3000, with Richter once again assisting Conan on the sketch, and Celebrity Surveys. Popular Late Night character Triumph, the Insult Comic Dog appeared on Tonight for the first time on June 19,2009, another favorite character from Conans old show, the Masturbating Bear, was also reintroduced on January 20,2010, on Conans third-to-last show. OBrien originally retired the Masturbating Bear at the end of his Late Night run due to concerns about its inappropriateness in the 11,30 time slot, Late Night character The Interrupter made his first appearance on The Tonight Show on September 3,2009. As is the format on other late night shows, the last segment typically featured a performance by either a musical guest or a stand-up comedian. An avid guitar player, OBrien has been given many guitars as gifts from several musical guests and on occasion and he also played electric guitar during the final episodes cover performance of Lynyrd Skynyrds Free Bird. The studio was used for Jack Bennys television show. This was the first time since before May 1972, when Johnny Carson served as host, that the show was not shot in Burbank, California
12.
The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon
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The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon is an American late-night talk show hosted by Jimmy Fallon on NBC. The show premiered on February 17,2014, and is produced by Broadway Video and it is the seventh incarnation of NBCs long-running Tonight Show franchise, with Fallon serving as the sixth host. The show also stars sidekick and announcer Steve Higgins and house band The Roots, the Tonight Show is produced by Katie Hockmeyer and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels. The show records from Studio 6B in Rockefeller Center, New York City, the program airs weeknights at 11,34 p. m. ET/AT. The show opens with Fallons topical monologue, then transitions into comedic sketches/games, concluding with a guest interview, the Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon has attracted high ratings since its 2014 premiere, consistently beating competition. In addition, many moments from the series have originated viral videos, the show has been nominated for nine Primetime Emmy Awards, winning two. On August 13,2015, NBC announced that Fallon signed a contract to remain as host until at least 2021, the Tonight Show premiered on NBC in 1954 as Tonight, hosted by Steve Allen. Jack Paar hosted the show from 1957 to 1962, but the shows longest-running and most famous host was Johnny Carson, who hosted the show for three decades. Following Carsons 1992 retirement, vast quantities of brainpower, money, NBC chose interim guest host Jay Leno, who took over the show that year. A pair of conflicts ensued over Lenos 22-year tenure, both revolving around hosts of Late Night, a directly following Tonight since its premiere in 1982. OBriens Tonight also suffered falling ratings, OBrien too left the network the following year, and Leno was reinstated as host. Jimmy Fallon, a former cast member on Saturday Night Live, was appointed the third host of Late Night by executive producer Lorne Michaels in 2009, Fallon incorporated the Internet much more than other talk shows. Coincidentally, it was during the Tonight Show debacle that Fallons show found its footing, the show, according to Fallons former SNL castmate Tina Fey, established itself as an uncommonly warm, welcoming show. In our heads, weve been doing The Tonight Show Were just on at a later hour, Fallon grew up with no designs on the Tonight job, most likely because he was just 17 years old when Carson retired. Discussions for Fallon to take over The Tonight Show began in early 2013, many industry observers noted that the change appeared to come as a result of another late-night competitor, Jimmy Kimmel of Jimmy Kimmel Live. Fallon had reportedly impressed top executives at Comcast, and his succession was expected throughout the company. The transition reportedly lacked the tension of previous Tonight transitions, on April 3,2013, NBC announced that Leno would retire in 2014, with Fallon taking over The Tonight Show beginning on February 24,2014. At Lenos suggestion, the date was moved forward from the end of his contract in September 2014, the date was later moved up a week to February 17, midway through the Olympics
13.
The Jay Leno Show
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The Jay Leno Show is an American talk show created by and starring Jay Leno. Premiering on NBC on September 14,2009, the program aired on weeknights at 10,00 p. m. ET/PT through February 9,2010, sketches from The Tonight Show were carried over to The Jay Leno Show, along with new sketches. The program was the result of a compromise by NBC Universals then-CEO Jeff Zucker to keep Jay Leno with the following his retirement from The Tonight Show. NBC hoped to attract Lenos existing fans, as well as a larger audience than that of his late-night program. The Jay Leno Show was met with mixed reception from critics, although viewership of The Jay Leno Show was initially on par with NBCs projections, by November, the programs ratings began to fall significantly. NBCs affiliates complained that the viewership of The Jay Leno Show also had a ripple effect on the viewership of their late local newscasts. Despite much support for OBrien from both the public and media alike, NBC maintained its plan to move Leno to 11,35. On January 21,2010, NBC reached a $45 million settlement with OBrien in order to end his contract. The Jay Leno Show ended on February 9,2010, after being on the air for four months. Leno resumed his duties as host of The Tonight Show on March 1,2010, NBC announced in 2004 that Jay Leno would leave The Tonight Show in 2009, with Conan OBrien as his replacement. He began to regret his decision to retire in 2007, and several networks and studios including ABC, Fox, Sony, Jeff Zucker, then-President and CEO of NBC Universal, sought to keep Leno from defecting to a competitor. Leno rejected several NBC offers for free network daytime slots, or cable TV slots, a series of recurring specials, Leno was announced on December 9,2008. WHDH backed down on April 13,2009, and announced that it would air Leno instead of the proposed program. Though Leno was the first to move the entire five-day-a-week late night show to prime time. Jack Paar, who hosted Tonight from 1957 to 1962, next hosted a talk show known as The Jack Paar Program that ran until 1965. The scheduling change would have been implemented on February 28 after the 2010 Winter Olympics, Leno himself commented on the rumors during his January 7 monologue, joking that NBC stands for Never Believe your Contract. This isnt about Jays popularity, says WJAR Providence VP/General Manager Lisa Churchville and this is about having that kind of show at 10 p. m. NBC announced plans to move Leno to 11,35 pm, OBrien refused to participate in the move and, on January 21,2010, reached an agreement with NBC allowing him to leave the network
14.
Late-night talk show
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A late-night talk show is a genre of talk show popular in the United States, where the format originated. It is generally structured around humorous monologues about the news, guest interviews, comedy sketches. The late-night talk show format was popularized, though not invented, typically the shows host conducts interviews from behind a desk, while the guest is seated on a couch. Many late night talk shows feature a band which generally performs cover songs for the studio audience during commercial breaks. Late-night talk shows are a popular format in the United States, Shows that loosely resemble the format air in other countries, but generally air weekly as opposed to the nightly airings of those in the United States. They also generally air in time slots considered to be prime time in the United States and these shows aired once a week in evening time slots that would come to be known as prime time. The first version of The Tonight Show, Tonight Starring Steve Allen, the show created many modern talk show staples included an opening monologue, celebrity interviews, audience participation, comedy bits, and musical performances. As a result, unlike Broadway Open House, Tonight proved to be a resounding success, the success of the show led Allen to get another show, entitled The Steve Allen Show, which would compete with The Ed Sullivan Show on Sunday nights. Meanwhile, hosting duties of The Tonight Show were split between Allen and Ernie Kovacs, Kovacs had defected to NBC from his own show on the then-crumbling DuMont Television Network. Both Allen and Kovacs departed from Tonight in 1957 in order to focus on Allens Sunday night show, after the two left, the format changed similar to that of Today and was renamed Tonight. America After Dark and was hosted first by Jack Lescoulie and then by Al Collins while interviews were performed by Hy Gardner, the show was not popular leading to many NBC affiliates dropping the show. The show returned to the format that year and was renamed Tonight Starring Jack Paar. The even greater success of the show during Paars hosting resulted in many NBC affiliates re-airing the show. Paar permanently left the show in 1962, citing the reason that he could not handle the load of The Tonight Show, and he moved to his own weekly prime-time show. After Paars departure, hosting duties were filled by Groucho Marx, Mort Sahl, longtime guest host Johnny Carson took over as host of The Tonight Show in 1962 and the show was renamed The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Carson streamlined the format of the show, focusing more on entertainment personalities, tweaking the monologue to include more shorter jokes, Ed McMahon served as Carsons announcer while from 1962 to 1966 the band was led by Skitch Henderson, who hired, among others, Doc Severinsen. When Henderson left, Milton DeLugg took over, Severinsen took over in 1967, and served as bandleader with the NBC Orchestra. The show originated from NBC Studios in New York City but, as part of Carsons shifting the show toward a more entertainment-oriented program, moved to Burbank, California in 1972
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Johnny Carson
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John William Johnny Carson was an American talk show host and comedian, best known for his 30 years as host of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Carson received six Emmy Awards, the Television Academys 1980 Governors Award, and he was inducted into the Television Academy Hall of Fame in 1987. Carson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1992 and received a Kennedy Center Honor in 1993, although his show was already successful by the end of the 1960s, during the 1970s Carson became an American icon and remained so even after his retirement in 1992. He adopted a casual, conversational approach with extensive interaction with guests, former late-night host and friend David Letterman cited Carsons influence. John William Carson was born on October 23,1925, in Corning, Iowa, to Homer Lloyd Kit Carson, a company manager, and Ruth Carson. He grew up in the towns of Avoca, Clarinda. There, Carson grew up and began developing his talent for entertaining, at the age of 12, Carson found a book on magic at a friends house and immediately purchased a mail-order magicians kit. After the purchase of the kit, Carson practiced his entertainment skills on family members with card tricks and he was known for following his family members around saying, Pick a card, any card. Carsons mother sewed him a cape, and his first performance was staged in front of the local Kiwanis Club and he debuted as The Great Carsoni at age 14 and was paid $3 a show. Soon, many performances at local picnics and country fairs followed. After graduating from school, Carson had his first encounter with Hollywood. He hitchhiked to Hollywood, where he was arrested and fined $50 for impersonating a midshipman, Johnny embarked on an adventure, one so laden with implications about his future, that some have wondered if the escapade might not actually be a legend. Carson joined the United States Navy on June 8,1943, commissioned an ensign late in the war, Carson was assigned to the USS Pennsylvania in the Pacific. While in the Navy, Carson posted a 10–0 amateur boxing record and he was en route to the combat zone aboard a troop ship when the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki ended the war. Carson served as a officer in charge of decoding encrypted messages. He said that the point of his military career was performing a magic trick for United States Secretary of the Navy James V. Forrestal. In a conversation with Forrestal, the Secretary asked Carson if he planned to stay in the navy after the war, in response, Carson said no and told him he wanted to be a magician. Forrestal asked him to perform, and Carson responded with a card trick, Carson made the discovery that he could entertain and amuse someone as cranky and sophisticated as Forrestal
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Burbank, California
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Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California, United States,12 miles northwest of downtown Los Angeles. The population at the 2010 census was 103,340, Entertainment, Nickelodeon Animation Studios, NBC, Cartoon Network Studios with the West Coast branch of Cartoon Network, and Insomniac Games. The city is home to Bob Hope Airport. Burbank consists of two areas, a downtown/foothill section, in the foothills of the Verdugo Mountains. Burbank is the easternmost city in the San Fernando Valley, Burbanks neighbor, Glendale, is the westernmost city in the San Gabriel Valley. The city was referred to as Beautiful Downtown Burbank on Laugh-In, the city was named after David Burbank, a New Hampshire-born dentist and entrepreneur who established a sheep ranch there in 1867. Historically, this area was the scene of a skirmish which resulted in the unseating of the Spanish Governor of California. Remnants of the battle reportedly were found many years later in the vicinity of Warner Bros. Studio when residents dug up cannonballs, by 1876, the San Fernando Valley became the largest wheat-raising area in Los Angeles County. But the droughts of the 1860s and 1870s underlined the need for water supplies. A professionally trained dentist, Dr. Burbank began his career in Waterville and he joined the great migration westward in the early 1850s and, by 1853 was living in San Francisco. At the time the American Civil War broke out he was well established in his profession as a dentist in Pueblo de Los Angeles. In 1867, he purchased Rancho La Providencia from David W. Alexander and Francis Mellus, Dr. Burbanks property reached nearly 9,200 acres at a cost of $9,000. Dr. Burbank wouldnt acquire full titles to both properties until after a decision known as the Great Partition was made in 1871 dissolving the Rancho San Rafael. Dr. Burbank also later owned the Burbank Theatre, which opened on November 27,1893, though the theater was intended to be an opera house, instead it staged plays and became known nationally. The theatre featured famous actors of the time including Fay Bainter and Marjorie Rambeau, when the area that became Burbank was settled in the 1870s and 1880s, the streets were aligned along what is now Olive Avenue, the road to the Cahuenga Pass and downtown Los Angeles. These were largely the roads the Indians traveled and the settlers took their produce down to Los Angeles to sell. At the time, the primary long-distance transportation methods available to San Fernando Valley residents were stagecoach, stagecoaching between Los Angeles and San Francisco through the Valley began in 1858
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Eastern Time Zone
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Places that use Eastern Standard Time when observing standard time are 5 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time. Eastern Daylight Time, when observing daylight saving time DST is 4 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time, in the northern parts of the time zone, on the second Sunday in March, at 2,00 a. m. EST, clocks are advanced to 3,00 a. m. EDT leaving a one-hour gap, on the first Sunday in November, at 2,00 a. m. EDT, clocks are moved back to 1,00 a. m, southern parts of the zone do not observe daylight saving time. The Uniform Time Act of 1966 ruled that daylight saving time would run from the last Sunday of April until the last Sunday in October in the United States, the act was amended to make the first Sunday in April the beginning of daylight saving time as of 1987. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 extended daylight saving time in the United States beginning in 2007. So local times change at 2,00 a. m. EST to 3,00 a. m. EDT on the second Sunday in March, in Canada, the time changes as it does in the United States. However, a handful of communities unofficially observe Eastern Time because they are part of the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area – Phenix City, Smiths Station, Lanett, and Valley. Florida, All of Florida is in the Eastern Time zone except for the portion of the Florida Panhandle west of the Apalachicola River, as the Eastern–Central zone boundary approaches the Gulf of Mexico, it follows the Bay/Gulf county line. Indiana, All of Indiana observes Eastern Time except for six counties in the Chicago metropolitan area. Kentucky, Roughly, the half of the state, including all of metropolitan Louisville, is in the Eastern Time Zone. Historically the entire state observed Central Time, when daylight saving time was first introduced, the Lower Peninsula remained on DST after it formally ended, effectively re-aligning itself into the Eastern Time Zone. The Upper Peninsula continued to observe Central Time until 1972, when all, Tennessee, Most of the eastern third of Tennessee is legally on Eastern Time. Eastern Time is also used somewhat as a de facto official time for all of the United States, since it includes the capital and the largest city. Major professional sports leagues also post all game times in Eastern time, for example, a game time between two teams from Pacific Time Zone will still be posted in Eastern time. Most cable television and national broadcast networks advertise airing times in Eastern time, national broadcast networks generally have two primary feeds, an eastern feed for Eastern and Central time zones, and a tape-delayed western feed for the Pacific Time Zone. The prime time is set on Eastern and Pacific at 8,00 p. m. with the Central time zone stations receiving the eastern feed at 7,00 p. m. local time. Mountain Time Zone stations receive a separate feed at 7,00 p. m. local time, as Arizona does not observe daylight saving time, during the summer months, it has its own feed at 7,00 p. m. local time
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Pacific Time Zone
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The Pacific Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting eight hours from Coordinated Universal Time. During daylight saving time, its time offset is UTC−7 and is based on the mean solar time of the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In the United States and Canada, this zone is generically called the Pacific Time Zone. Specifically, it uses Pacific Standard Time when observing standard time, most of Canada uses daylight saving time. In Mexico, the UTC−8 time zone is known as the Northwest Zone, the largest city in the Pacific Time Zone is Los Angeles, the citys metropolitan area is the largest in the zone. The following states or areas are part of the Pacific Time Zone, California Washington Oregon – all, except for most of Malheur County, nevada Idaho Panhandle – the northern half of Idaho, north of the Salmon River. The town of Hyder, Alaska, is officially in the Alaska Time Zone, however, most of the town observes the Pacific Time because of strong connections with nearby Stewart, British Columbia, which is in the Pacific Time Zone. The United States Post Office in Hyder strictly adheres to Alaska Time, in Canada, the Pacific Time Zone includes most of British Columbia, all of Yukon, and the townsite of Tungsten. In Mexico, the state of Baja California lies completely within the Pacific Time Zone and this does not include the state of Baja California Sur, which is south of Baja California. Through 2006, the time changed to daylight time at 02,00 LST to 03,00 LDT on the first Sunday in April. The Canadian provinces and territories that use daylight time each adopted these dates between October 2005 and February 2007, in Mexico, beginning in 2010, the portion of the country in this time zone uses the extended dates, as do some other parts. The vast majority of Mexico, however, still uses the old dates
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Central Time Zone
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The North American Central Time Zone is a time zone in parts of Canada, the United States, Mexico, Central America, some Caribbean Islands, and part of the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Central Standard Time is six hours behind Coordinated Universal Time, during summer most of the zone uses daylight saving time, and changes to Central Daylight Time which is five hours behind UTC. The province of Manitoba is the province or territory in Canada that observes Central Time in all areas. Also, most of the province of Saskatchewan is on Central Standard Time year-round, major exceptions include Lloydminster, a city situated on the boundary between Alberta and Saskatchewan. The city charter stipulates that it shall observe Mountain Time and DST, putting the community on the time as all of Alberta, including the major cities of Calgary. As a result, during the summer, clocks in the province match those in Alberta. The Central Time Zone is the second most populous in the US after the Eastern Time Zone, lanett and Valley observe Eastern Time historically because they were textile mill towns and the original home office of their mills was in West Point, Georgia. Some eastern counties observe Central Time because they are close to the border of the Middle Tennessee counties surrounding the Nashville metropolitan area. Louisiana Michigan, All of Michigan observes Eastern Time except the four Upper Peninsula counties that border Wisconsin, other westernmost counties from this area such as Ontonagon observe Eastern Time. South Dakota, Eastern half as divided by the Missouri river adjacent to the state capital, note, the metropolitan area of Pierre is Central, including Fort Pierre. Wisconsin Most of Mexico—roughly the eastern three-fourths—lies in the Central Time Zone, except for six northwestern states, the federal entities of Mexico that observe Central Time, Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua all use Central Standard Time year-round. The Galápagos Islands in Ecuador uses Central Standard Time all year-round, Daylight saving time is in effect in much of the Central time zone between mid-March and early November. The modified time is called Central Daylight Time and is UTC−5, in Canada, Saskatchewan does not observe a time change. One reason that Saskatchewan does not take part in a change is that, geographically. The province elected to move onto permanent daylight saving by being part of the Central Time Zone, Mexico decided not to go along with this change and observes their horario de verano from the first Sunday in April to the last Sunday in October. In December 2009, the Mexican Congress allowed ten border cities, eight of which are in states that observe Central Time, to adopt the U. S. daylight time schedule effective in 2010
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Mountain Time Zone
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The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time at the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In the United States, the specification for the location of time zones. In the United States and Canada, this zone is generically called Mountain Time. Specifically, it is Mountain Standard Time when observing standard time, the term refers to the fact that the Rocky Mountains, which range from northwestern Canada to the US state of New Mexico, are located almost entirely in the time zone. In Mexico, this zone is known as the Pacific Zone. In the United States and Canada, the Mountain Time Zone is one ahead of the Pacific Time Zone and one hour behind the Central Time Zone. Sonora in Mexico and most of Arizona in the United States do not observe daylight saving time, and during the spring, summer, and autumn months they are on the same time as Pacific Daylight Time. The Navajo Nation, most of which lies within Arizona, does observe DST, although the Hopi Nation, as well as some Arizona state offices lying within the Navajo Nation, the largest city in the Mountain Time Zone is Phoenix, Arizona. TV broadcasting in the Mountain Time Zone is typically tape-delayed one hour, sonora – no daylight saving time, always on MST. Sinaloa Revillagigedo Islands, three of the four islands have the time as Mountain Time Zone, Isla Socorro, San Benedicto Island. The following states or areas are part of the Mountain Time Zone, Arizona – no daylight saving time, always on MST, except on the Navajo Nation. Colorado Idaho – southern half, south of the Salmon River Kansas – only the counties of Sherman, Wallace, Greeley and Hamilton, the remaining three counties that border Colorado, Cheyenne, Morton and Stanton, observe Central Time, as do all other Kansas counties. However, the state of Oklahoma is officially in the Central Time Zone. Additionally, northwestern Culberson County, Texas unofficially observes Mountain Time
21.
Jack Paar
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Jack Harold Paar was an American author, radio and television comedian and talk show host, best known for his stint as host of The Tonight Show from 1957 to 1962. Time magazines obituary noted that, His fans would remember him as the fellow who split talk show history into two eras, Before Paar and Below Paar, Paar was born in 1918 in Canton, Ohio, the son of Lillian M. and Howard Paar. He moved with his family to Jackson, Michigan, approximately 40 miles south of Lansing, as a child he had a stuttering problem which he conquered. He contracted tuberculosis when he was 14, and left school at 16, Jack Paar, he recalled doing utility duty at WGAR in 1938 when Orson Welles broadcast his famous simulated alien invasion, The War of the Worlds over the CBS network. Attempting to calm possible panicked listeners, Paar announced, The world is not coming to an end, when have I ever lied to you. Paar was drafted into the military in 1943 during World War II and he was assigned to the U. S. O in the South Pacific to entertain the troops. He was a clever, wise cracking master of ceremonies whose impersonations of officers nearly got him into trouble, after World War II, Paar worked in radio as a fill-in on The Breakfast Club show and appeared as a panelist on The $64 Question. He got his big break when Jack Benny, who had been impressed by Paars U. S. O, performances, suggested that Paar serve as his 1947 summer replacement. Paar was enough of a hit on Bennys show that Bennys sponsor, American Tobacco Company decided to keep him on the air, the show was then terminated, earning Paar an enduring image as a spoiled kid. A profile of Paar by the Museum of Broadcast Communications suggests that Paar later emulated Bennys mannerisms. Paar also signed as a player for Howard Hughes RKO Pictures in the immediate post war period, appearing as the emcee in the movie Variety Time. He later recalled that RKO producers had trouble figuring out what kind of characters he could play, until one of the executives dubbed him, Kay Kyser. Paar projected a pleasant personality on film, and RKO called him back to emcee another filmed vaudeville show, Paar also appeared in the 1950 film, Walk Softly, Stranger, with Joseph Cotten. In 1951, he played Marilyn Monroes boyfriend in the 20th Century Fox film Love Nest, in 1956, he gave radio one more try, hosting a disc jockey effort, The Jack Paar Show, on ABC. Paar once described this show as so modest we did it from the basement rumpus room of our house in Bronxville and he guest starred twice in 1958 on Polly Bergens short-lived NBC comedy/variety show, The Polly Bergen Show. NBC asked Paar to succeed Steve Allen as host of The Tonight Show, Paar hosted the program from 1957 to 1962 during the peak of the series national attention. At first, the show was called Tonight Starring Jack Paar, Paar was often unpredictable, emotional, and principled. Paars emotional nature made the routine of putting together a 105-minute program difficult to continue for more than five years
22.
Conan O'Brien
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Conan Christopher OBrien is an American television host, comedian, and television producer. He is best known for hosting several talk shows, since 2010 he has hosted Conan on the cable channel TBS. OBrien was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, and was raised in an Irish Catholic family and he served as president of The Harvard Lampoon while attending Harvard University, and was a writer for the sketch comedy series Not Necessarily the News. After writing for comedy shows in Los Angeles, he joined the writing staff of Saturday Night Live. OBrien was a writer and producer for The Simpsons for two seasons until he was commissioned by NBC to take over David Lettermans position as host of Late Night in 1993. A virtual unknown to the public, OBriens initial Late Night tenure received unfavorable reviews, the show generally improved over time and was highly regarded by the time of his departure in 2009. Afterwards, OBrien relocated from New York to Los Angeles to host his own incarnation of The Tonight Show for seven months until network politics prompted a host change in 2010. He has hosted Conan since 2010 and has hosted such events as the Emmy Awards. OBrien has been the subject of a documentary, Conan OBrien Cant Stop, with the retirement of David Letterman on May 20,2015, OBrien became the longest-working of all current late-night talk show hosts in the United States, at 22 years. OBrien was born on April 18,1963 in Brookline, Massachusetts and his father, Thomas Francis OBrien, is a physician, epidemiologist, and professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. His mother, Ruth OBrien, is an attorney and partner at the Boston firm Ropes & Gray and he is the third of six children. OBriens family is Irish Catholic, some of his Irish ancestors immigrated before the American Civil War, in a Late Night episode, OBrien paid a visit to County Kerry, Ireland, where his ancestors originated. OBrien attended Brookline High School, where he served as the editor of the school newspaper. After graduating as valedictorian in 1981, he entered Harvard University, at Harvard, OBrien lived in Holworthy Hall during his first year and Mather House during his three upper-class years. He concentrated in history and literature and graduated cum laude in 1985. OBriens senior thesis concerned the use of children as symbols in the works of William Faulkner, larry Bird in which the Boston Celtics play against a classical ballet troupe. During his sophomore and junior years he served as the Lampoons president, at this time, OBriens future boss at NBC, Jeff Zucker, was serving as President of the schools newspaper The Harvard Crimson. OBrien moved to Los Angeles after graduation to join the staff of HBOs Not Necessarily the News
23.
Conan (talk show)
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Conan is a late-night talk show airing each Monday through Thursday at 11,00 p. m. eastern time on TBS in the United States. The hour-long show premiered on November 8,2010, and is hosted by writer, comedian and performer Conan OBrien, accompanied by his long-time sidekick Andy Richter. Describing itself as a traditional late-night talk show, Conan draws its comedy from recent news stories, political figures and prominent celebrities, on May 14,2014, TBS renewed the show through 2018. The show opens with Richter proclaiming Coming to you from Warner Brothers Studios in Burbank, its Conan. and introducing OBrien, The Basic Cable Band, as well as the episodes guests. For the first several seasons of Conan, each episode had a title, the titles were in the style of old fashioned murder-mystery radio shows, television sitcoms, or other assorted jokes. The episode titles were dropped in early 2014, the title sequence was designed by Rob Ashe, Dan Dome and Eric McGilloway. There were several different variations of the credits, with the final product being inspired by graphic designer Saul Bass. The opening design process was described by Ashe as utilizing organic-looking textures made of paper, soak them in soda. OBrien opens each episode with a drawing from current news stories and issues. The monologue is sometimes accompanied by clips and brief comedy skits, one or more comedy bits follow the monologue. Following the monologue, some bits are presented from the monologue stage. Following the first commercial break, additional sketches are typically presented from the desk area. Some sketches are original and appear only once, occasionally an additional sketch will air between the first and second guest. October 31–November 3,2011, taped at the Beacon Theatre in New York City, Guests included Jimmy Fallon, Hugh Jackman, Matthew Broderick and Louis C. K. June 11–14,2012, taped at the Chicago Theatre in Chicago, Guests included Jack McBrayer, Andy Samberg, Johnny Galecki and Adam Sandler. April 1–4,2013, taped at The Tabernacle in Atlanta, Guests included Seth Rogen, Paul Rudd, Steven Yeun and Charles Barkley. March 31–April 3,2014, taped at the Majestic Theatre in Dallas, Texas to coincide with the NCAA Final Four, Guests included Dirk Nowitzki, Adam Sandler, Seth Rogen, Simon Helberg and Charles Barkley. July 8–11,2015, taped at the Spreckels Theatre in San Diego, Guests include Elijah Wood, Jennifer Lawrence, Josh Hutcherson, and Peter Capaldi
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TBS (U.S. TV channel)
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Turner Broadcasting System is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the Turner Broadcasting System division of Time Warner, which shares its name with the channel. TBS carries a variety of programming, with a focus on comedy, along with sports events, including Major League Baseball. In its current form, TBS was originally established on December 17,1976 as a feed of Turners local, independent broadcast television station in Atlanta. The channel broadcast a variety of programming during this era, including films, syndicated series, Atlanta Braves baseball, wTBSs local programming was nearly identical to the national feed, aside from FCC-mandated public affairs and educational programming that only aired on the local signal. By the early 2000s, TBS had begun to more intensively on comedic programming, including sitcoms. As of February 2015, TBS is available to approximately 96.5 million pay television households in the United States, TBS is available on cable and satellite providers throughout the entire United States. The national TBS feed became available to cable and satellite subscribers within channel 17s viewing area as a result, TBSs programming was previously made available to cable and satellite subscribers in Canada through the WTBS Atlanta feed. As a result, following the separation of TBS and WTBS/WPCH in 2007, Canadian cable and satellite subscribers received access to WPCH/Atlanta, instead of TBS. Most of TBSs flagship programming, such as Major League Baseball and original series, are not broadcast on WPCH-TV, TBS originated as a broadcast television station in Atlanta, Georgia that operated on UHF channel 17, and maintained a general entertainment format as an independent station. Early programming included movies from the 1930s and 1940s, sitcoms, the station also carried sports, such as Atlanta Braves baseball, Atlanta Hawks basketball, Atlanta Flames hockey, and Georgia Championship Wrestling. WTCG also bid very low on programming, leaving the stations in the market – WSB-TV, WAGA-TV. By the mid-1970s, The Andy Griffith Show, The Flintstones, Leave It to Beaver, The Little Rascals, My Three Sons, Star Trek, The Three Stooges, cable providers in these areas carried stations from neighboring markets, and if possible, an independent station. Ted Turner decided to distribute his station through satellite, enabling WTCG to be received nationwide, the first broadcast was the 1948 Dana Andrews-Cesar Romero film Deep Waters, which had been in progress for 30 minutes on channel 17 in Atlanta. Instantly, WTCG went from being an independent television station that was available only in Georgia. WTCG became a superstation and set a precedent for todays basic cable television. By 1978, WTCG was carried on cable providers in all 50 states, TBS became only the second U. S. Ted Turners innovation signaled the start of the basic cable revolution. WTCG changed its callsign to WTBS on August 27,1979, the new call letters were acquired via a monetary donation to the Massachusetts Institute of Technologys student radio station for the construction of a new transmitter. In the late 1970s, WTBS continued to acquire second-hand programming such as made-for-TV Popeye cartoons, The Brady Bunch, The Munsters, and other programs
25.
David Letterman
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David Michael Letterman is an American former television host, comedian, writer, and producer. In total, Letterman hosted 6,028 episodes of Late Night and Late Show, surpassing friend, in 1996 Letterman was ranked 45th on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time. Letterman is also a television and film producer and his company, Worldwide Pants, produced his show and formerly produced The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson. Worldwide Pants has also produced several prime-time comedies, the most successful of which was Everybody Loves Raymond, several late-night hosts have cited Lettermans influence, including Conan OBrien, Stephen Colbert, Jimmy Fallon, Jimmy Kimmel and Seth Meyers. Letterman was born in Indianapolis, Indiana and his father, Harry Joseph Letterman, was a florist. His mother, Dorothy Marie, a secretary, was an occasional figure on Lettermans show. He lived on the side of Indianapolis, not far from Speedway, Indiana, and the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. In 2000, he told an interviewer for Esquire that, while growing up, he admired his fathers ability to tell jokes, Harry Joseph Letterman survived a heart attack at age 36, when David was a young boy. The fear of losing his father was constantly with Letterman as he grew up, the elder Letterman died of a second heart attack at age 57. Letterman attended his hometowns Broad Ripple High School at the time as Marilyn Tucker. According to the Ball State Daily News, he originally had wanted to attend Indiana University and he is a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity, and he graduated in 1969 from what was then the Department of Radio and Television. A self-described average student, Letterman later endowed a scholarship for what he called C students at Ball State. Though he registered for the draft and passed his physical after graduating from college, Letterman began his broadcasting career as an announcer and newscaster at the colleges student-run radio station—WBST—a 10-watt campus station which now is part of Indiana Public Radio. He was fired for treating classical music with irreverence and he then became involved with the founding of another campus station—WAGO-AM570. And then all of a sudden I saw him doing it, and I thought, Thats really what I want to do. Letterman began his career as a talk show host on WNTS and on Indianapolis television station WLWI as an anchor. He received some attention for his unpredictable behavior, which included congratulating a tropical storm for being upgraded to a hurricane. In 1971 Letterman appeared as a pit reporter for ABC Sports tape-delayed coverage of the Indianapolis 500
26.
Late Show with David Letterman
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Late Show with David Letterman is an American late-night talk show hosted by David Letterman on CBS, the first iteration of the Late Show franchise. The show debuted on August 30,1993, and was produced by Lettermans production company, Worldwide Pants Incorporated, the shows music director and leader of the house band, the CBS Orchestra, was Paul Shaffer. The head writer was Matt Roberts and the announcer was Alan Kalter, of the major U. S. late-night programs, Late Show ranked second in cumulative average viewers over time and third in number of episodes over time. In most U. S. markets the show aired from 11,35 p. m. to 12,37 a. m. Eastern and Pacific Time, and recorded Monday through Wednesdays at 4,30 p. m. the second Thursday episode usually aired on Friday of that week. In 2002, Late Show with David Letterman was ranked No.7 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time. As host of both Late Night and Late Show for more than 30 years, Letterman surpassed Johnny Carson as the longest running talk show host in 2013. That same year, Late Night and Late Show were ranked at #41 on TV Guides 60 Best Series of All Time, in 2014, Letterman announced his retirement and the final episode of Late Show aired on May 20,2015. The show was succeeded by The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, hosted by Stephen Colbert. For most of the 20 years preceding Late Show, CBSs late night fare consisted of movies, reruns and specialty programming packaged under the title CBS Late Night and broadcast to middling ratings. When David Letterman became available following a conflict with NBC, CBS was eager to lure him and offered him a three-year, $14 million per year contract, according to their agreement, the show would spend a month in Hollywood at least once a year. CBS purchased the Ed Sullivan Theater for $4 million, spending several million to renovate it, the renovation was supervised by architect James Polshek. CBS total cost for acquiring the show including renovations, negotiation rights paid to NBC, signing Letterman, announcer Bill Wendell, Shaffer, the writers and the band was over $140 million. A significant issue regarding Lettermans move to CBS was the ownership of long-running comedy bits used on Late Night, NBC claimed that much of what he did on Late Night was intellectual property of the network. Ultimately a compromise was reached in key areas, NBC gave Letterman the choice of at least two options to name his new show, Late Show with David Letterman or Nightly with David Letterman. On this matter CBS executives stepped in, rejecting Nightly in part because of confusion with Nightline on ABC. Thus, Late Show with David Letterman quickly became the official title, after Letterman was introduced on Late Shows very first episode, NBC Nightly News anchor Tom Brokaw accompanied him on stage and wished him reasonably well. As part of an act, Brokaw then proceeded to retrieve a pair of cue cards while stating that These last two jokes are the intellectual property of NBC
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James Taylor
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James Vernon Taylor is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. A five-time Grammy Award winner, he was inducted into the Rock and he is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 100 million records worldwide. Taylor achieved his breakthrough in 1970 with the No.3 single Fire and Rain and had his first No.1 hit the year with Youve Got a Friend. His 1976 Greatest Hits album was certified Diamond and has sold 12 million US copies, following his 1977 album, JT, he has retained a large audience over the decades. Every album that he released from 1977 to 2007 sold over a million copies and his chart performance had a resurgence during the late 1990s and 2000s, when he recorded some of his most-awarded work. He achieved his first number one album in the US in 2015 with his recording Before This World. He is notable for his covers of other peoples songs, such as How Sweet It Is. James Vernon Taylor was born at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston on March 12,1948 and his father was from a well-off family of Southerners of Scottish ancestry. His mother, the former Gertrude Woodard, studied singing with Marie Sundelius at the New England Conservatory of Music and was an opera singer before the couples marriage in 1946. James was the second of five children, the others being Alex, Kate, Livingston and they built a house in the Morgan Creek area off the present Morgan Creek Road, which was sparsely populated. James would later say, Chapel Hill, the Piedmont, the hills, were tranquil, rural, beautiful. Thinking of the red soil, the seasons, the way things smelled down there, I feel as though my experience of coming of age there was more a matter of landscape, James attended public primary school in Chapel Hill. Isaacs career prospered, but he was away from home, on military service at Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland. Isaac Taylor later rose to dean of the UNC School of Medicine from 1964 to 1971. The Taylors spent summers on Marthas Vineyard beginning in 1953, Taylor first learned to play the cello as a child in North Carolina and switched to the guitar in 1960. He began attending Milton Academy, a boarding school in Massachusetts in fall 1961. Summering before then with his family on Marthas Vineyard, he met Danny Kortchmar, the two began listening to and playing blues and folk music together, and Kortchmar quickly realized that Taylors singing had a natural sense of phrasing, every syllable beautifully in time. I knew James had that thing, Taylor wrote his first song on guitar at 14, and he continued to learn the instrument effortlessly
28.
2010 Tonight Show conflict
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The 2010 Tonight Show conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan OBrien and Jay Leno. Leno, the host of long-running franchise The Tonight Show since 1992, when OBriens contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of The Tonight Show. The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, the Tonight Show with Conan OBrien and The Jay Leno Show failed to attract immediate viewers, and NBC affiliates, seeing their viewership decline, grew restless. NBCUniversal CEO Jeff Zucker, alongside chairman Jeff Gaspin and executive Rick Ludwin, created a remedy, move Leno back to his 11,35 pm start time and bump OBrien a half-hour later, to 12,05 am. OBrien and his staff were disappointed and furious, when it became clear OBrien would not agree to the proposed changes. Though not a breach of either hosts contract, the resulted in a public outcry. OBriens public statement that he would not participate in the destruction of The Tonight Show led to negotiations with NBC for a settlement, the controversy surrounding the scheduling move was described by media outlets as embarrassing for the network and a public relations disaster. On May 22,1992, Johnny Carson, host of NBCs The Tonight Show for nearly 30 years, the network signed Jay Leno, Carsons permanent guest host, to become the programs fourth host upon Carsons exit. Carson very clearly viewed the position best for David Letterman, host of his own program, Late Night, which had directly followed Carsons Tonight Show for ten years. NBC tried to appease both stars, but Letterman left the network in a public conflict that resulted in the creation of his own competing show on CBS. Lenos Tonight Show started rocky, prior to Lettermans move, NBC considered matching CBSs offer to allow Letterman to take over from Leno. From that point on, Letterman slipped below Leno in the ratings, Late Night with Conan OBrien was constantly at risk for cancellation in its early years, at one low point in 1994, NBC threatened to put him on a week-to-week contract. Executives were anxious to replace him with Greg Kinnear, who followed OBrien with Later at 1,30 am, interns filled empty seats in the audience while affiliates began to inquire about replacement hosts. Near the turn of the millennium, NBCs late-night lineup—Leno at 11,35, OBrien at 12,35, and Saturday Night Live on the weekend—remained leaders in the ratings. That year, competing network Fox mounted an extended, comprehensive campaign to lure OBrien away from the network, viewing his style suitable for the networks image—young, hip, somewhat subversive. News Corporation chairman and CEO Peter Chernin pursued OBrien personally, taking him, Chernin also offered the host seven times his current pay. While many of OBriens professional advisors and managers pushed for the Fox deal, Chernin warned OBrien that waiting around for Leno to leave would be only an invitation to long-term disappointment, and potentially a path toward undermining a promising career. By the time Lenos contract again came up for renewal, a discussion would be needed regarding the future of The Tonight Show, facing the prospect of attempting to keep both Leno and OBrien, Zucker made the final call on Lenos deal, Yes, we’ll extend your deal
29.
2010 Winter Olympics
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Approximately 2,600 athletes from 82 nations participated in 86 events in fifteen disciplines. Both the Olympic and Paralympic Games were organized by the Vancouver Organizing Committee, the 2010 Winter Olympics were the third Olympics hosted by Canada and the first by the province of British Columbia. Previously, Canada hosted the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Vancouver is the largest city to host the Winter Olympics. Following Olympic tradition, then-Vancouver mayor Sam Sullivan received the Olympic flag during the ceremony of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. The flag was raised on February 28,2006, in a ceremony and was on display at Vancouver City Hall until the Olympic opening ceremony. The event was opened by Governor General Michaëlle Jean, who was accompanied by Prime Minister Stephen Harper. With 14, Canada broke the record for the most gold medals won at a single Winter Olympics, athletes from Slovakia and Belarus won the first Winter Olympic gold medals for their nations. The Canadian Olympic Association chose Vancouver as the Canadian candidate city over Calgary, which sought to re-host the Games and Quebec City, on the first round of voting on November 21,1998, Vancouver-Whistler had 26 votes, Quebec City had 25 and Calgary had 21. On December 3,1998, the second and final round of voting occurred between the two leading contenders, which saw Vancouver win with 40 votes compared to Quebec Citys 32 votes. Vancouver had also bid for the 1976 games, which were first awarded to Denver, then to Innsbruck and the 1980 games. After the bribery scandal over the candidacy of the Salt Lake City bid for the 2002 Winter Olympics, the International Olympic Committee created the Evaluation Commission, which was appointed on October 24,2002. Prior to the bidding for the 2008 Summer Olympics, host cities would often fly members of the IOC to their city where they toured the city and were provided with gifts, the lack of oversight and transparency often led to allegations of money for votes. Afterward, changes brought forth by the IOC bidding rules were tightened, the team analyzed the candidate city features and provided its input back to the IOC. Vancouver won the bid to host the Olympics by a vote of the International Olympic Committee on July 2,2003, at the 115th IOC Session held in Prague, the result was announced by IOC President Jacques Rogge. Vancouver faced two other finalists shortlisted that same February, Pyeongchang, South Korea, and Salzburg, Austria, Pyeongchang had the most votes of the three cities in the first round of voting, in which Salzburg was eliminated. In the run-off, all but two of the members who had voted for Salzburg voted for Vancouver and it was the closest vote by the IOC since Sydney, Australia beat Beijing for the 2000 Summer Olympics by two votes. Vancouvers victory came almost two years after Torontos 2008 Summer Olympic bid was defeated by Beijing in a landslide vote, the Vancouver Olympic Committee spent C$16.6 million on upgrading facilities at Cypress Mountain, which hosted the freestyle and snowboarding events. In 2004, the operational cost of the 2010 Winter Olympics was estimated to be Canadian $1.354 billion, as of mid-2009 it was projected to be C$1.76 billion, mostly raised from non-government sources, primarily through sponsorships and the auction of national broadcasting rights
30.
American Idol
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It began airing on Fox on June 11,2002, and ended on April 7,2016. It started off as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol, the concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents, with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones, Internet, and SMS text voting. American Idol employed a panel of judges who critiqued the contestants performances, the original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the final consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez. The first season was hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, the success of American Idol has been described as unparalleled in broadcasting history. The series was said by a rival TV executive to be the most impactful show in the history of television. It became a springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. The series concluded after 15 seasons, American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw a version in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain, Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public. The show debuted in Britain in 2001 with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, it was quite successful with the viewing public. In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was initially met with poor responses from the Fox television network. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Foxs parent company, was persuaded to buy the series by his daughter, Elisabeth. The show was renamed American Idol, The Search for a Superstar, Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but later turned down the offer, Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowells surprise, it one of the biggest shows of the summer. The show grew into a phenomenon largely due to its personal engagement of the contestants, thereby prompting viewers to vote, by 2004, it had become the most-watched show on U. S. television, a position it then held for seven consecutive seasons. However, after a few years of declining ratings, the network announced that the fifteenth season would be its last. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen, the show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight
31.
Variety (magazine)
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Variety is a weekly American entertainment trade magazine and website owned by Penske Media Corporation. The last daily printed edition was put out on March 19,2013, Variety originally reported on theater and vaudeville. Variety has been published since December 16,1905, when it was launched by Sime Silverman as a weekly periodical covering vaudeville with its headquarters in New York City, on January 19,1907, Variety published what is considered the first film review in history. In 1933, Sime Silverman launched Daily Variety, based in Hollywood, Sime Silverman had passed on the editorship of the Weekly Variety to Abel Green as his replacement in 1931, he remained as publisher until his death in 1933 soon after launching the Daily. His son Sidne Silverman, known as Skigie, succeeded him as publisher of both publications, both Sidne and his wife, stage actress Marie Saxon, died of tuberculosis. Their only son Syd Silverman, born 1932, was the heir to what was then Variety Inc. Young Syds legal guardian Harold Erichs oversaw Variety Inc. until 1956, after that date Syd Silverman was publisher of both the Weekly Variety in New York and the Daily Variety in Hollywood, until the sale of both papers in 1987 to the Cahners Corp. In L. A. the Daily was edited by Tom Pryor from 1959 until 1988, for twenty years its editor-in-chief was Peter Bart, originally only of the weekly New York edition, with Michael Silverman running the Daily in Hollywood. Bart had worked previously at Paramount Pictures and The New York Times, in April 2009, Bart moved to the position of vice president and editorial director, characterized online as Boffo No More, Bart Up and Out at Variety. From mid 2009 to 2013, Timothy M. Gray oversaw the publication as Editor-in-Chief, after over 30 years of various reporter, in October 2014, Eller and Wallenstein were upped to Co-Editors in Chief, with Littleton continuing to oversee the trades television coverage. This dissemination comes in the form of columns, news stories, images, video, Cahners Publishing purchased Variety from the Silverman family in 1987. On December 7,1988, Barts predecessor, Roger Watkins, proposed, upon its launch, the new-look Variety measured one inch shorter with a washed-out color on the front. In October 2012, Reed Business Information, the periodicals owner, PMC is the owner of Deadline. com, which since the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike has been considered Varietys largest competitor in online showbiz news. In October,2012, Jay Penske announced that the paywall would come down, the print publication would stay. A significant portion of the advertising revenue comes during the film-award season leading up to the Academy Awards. During this Awards Season, large numbers of colorful, full-page For Your Consideration advertisements inflate the size of Variety to double or triple its usual page count, paid circulation for the weekly Variety magazine in 2013 was 40,000. Each copy of each Variety issue is read by an average of three people, with a total readership of 120,000. Variety. com has 17 million unique monthly visitors, Variety is a weekly entertainment publication with a broad coverage of movies, television, theater, music and technology, written for entertainment executives
32.
The Los Angeles Times
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The Los Angeles Times, commonly referred to as the Times or LA Times, is a paid daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It was the largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States in 2008, the Times is owned by tronc. The Times was first published on December 4,1881, as the Los Angeles Daily Times under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and it was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T. J. Unable to pay the bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication, in July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara to become the papers editor. Otis made the Times a financial success, in an era where newspapers were driven by party politics, the Times was directed at Republican readers. As was typical of newspapers of the time, the Times would sit on stories for several days, historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment. Otiss editorial policy was based on civic boosterism, extolling the virtues of Los Angeles, the efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the October 1,1910 bombing of its headquarters, killing twenty-one people. Two union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara, were charged, the American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent the brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty. Upon Otiss death in 1917, his son-in-law, Harry Chandler, Harry Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler, who ran the paper during the rapid growth of post-war Los Angeles. Family members are buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios, the site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims. The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler, held that position from 1960 to 1980, Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his familys paper, often forgotten in the power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nations most respected newspapers, notably The New York Times, believing that the newsroom was the heartbeat of the business, Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962, the paper joined with the Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times-Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for news organizations. During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes, more than its previous nine decades combined, eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, thats the pattern followed over more than a century by the Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family. The papers early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history Thinking Big and it has also been the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications or social science in the past four decades. In 2000, the Tribune Company acquired the Times, placing the paper in co-ownership with then-WB -affiliated KTLA, which Tribune acquired in 1985
33.
Jimmy Fallon
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James Thomas Jimmy Fallon is an American comedian, television host, actor, singer, writer, and producer. He is known for his work in television as a cast member on Saturday Night Live and he was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and raised in Saugerties, New York. He grew up with an interest in comedy and music, moving to Los Angeles at 21 to pursue stand-up opportunities and he was commissioned to join NBCs Saturday Night Live as a cast member in 1998, fulfilling a lifelong dream. Fallon remained on SNL for six years between 1998 and 2004, co-hosting the programs Weekend Update segment and becoming a celebrity in the process and he left the program for the film industry, starring in films such as Taxi and Fever Pitch. Following his film career, Fallon returned to television as the host of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon on NBC in 2009 and he moved from that program to become the sixth permanent host of the long-running The Tonight Show in 2014. In addition to his work, Fallon has released two comedy albums and three books. Fallon was born in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, New York, Fallons patrilineal ancestry originates with his great-great-grandparents, Thomas Fallon, who was from County Galway, Ireland, and Louisa Stickever. In preparation, the family relocated nearby to Saugerties, New York, Fallon has described his childhood as idyllic, while his parents have been noted as overprotective. He and his sister, Gloria, were unable to leave their home, Fallon attended St. Mary of the Snow, a Roman Catholic elementary school in Saugerties. He considered being a priest, inspired by his experiences as an altar boy and he became more interested in comedy instead. He spent many nights recording the radio program The Dr. Demento Show on a reel-to-reel recorder, Fallon developed an obsession with the late-night comedy program Saturday Night Live as a teenager, watching it religiously. He grew up watching the show, viewing the clean parts that his parents taped for him and he and Gloria would re-enact sketches like The Festrunk Brothers with friends. Fallon was such a fan that he made an event of watching the show in his dormitory during college. In his teens, he impressed his parents with different impersonations, including actor James Cagney and he was also musically inclined, and started playing guitar at age thirteen. He would go on to comedy and music in contests. By his junior years, he was labeled a class clown, to his teachers disdain. At Saugerties High School, from which he graduated in 1992, he was a performer in most stage productions and he won a young comedians contest with an impression of Pee-wee Herman. He then attended The College of Saint Rose in Albany, New York, in May 2009,14 years after he left college a semester early to pursue a comedy career, he was back to receive his Bachelor of Arts in communications
34.
Seth Meyers
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Seth Adam Meyers is an American comedian, writer, producer, political commentator, actor, media critic, and television host. He hosts Late Night with Seth Meyers, a talk show that airs on NBC. Prior to that, he was a writer for NBCs Saturday Night Live and hosted the shows news parody segment. In 2008, Meyers appeared in the film, Journey to the Center of the Earth, hosted the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards in 2014 and voiced the character Jeremy Prock Awesome in The Awesomes. Meyers was born in Evanston, Illinois, and was raised in Okemos, Michigan, from four to ten years of age, meyerss mother, Hilary Claire, was a French teacher, and his father, Laurence Meyers Jr. worked in finance. His younger brother is actor Josh Meyers and his paternal grandfather was Jewish, and, although Meyers has performed at several Jewish Community Centers, he does not consider himself Jewish. Meyerss other ancestry is Czech–Austrian, Swedish, English, and German, Meyers attended Edgewood Elementary in Okemos and later graduated from Manchester High School West in New Hampshire. He then attended and graduated from Northwestern University in Evanston, where he became a member of the fraternity Phi Gamma Delta, before SNL, Meyers got his improv comedy start as a member of the Northwestern University improv sketch group, Mee-Ow Show. Meyers appeared with Brendan Fraser and Anita Briem in the 2008 3D film Journey to the Center of the Earth and he also makes a cameo in the 2008 film Nick and Norahs Infinite Playlist as a drunk man who mistakes the main characters Yugo for a taxi. He starred in the 2004 comedy See This Movie with John Cho, in July 2008, Meyers directed the web series The Line on Crackle. Meyers has hosted the Webby Awards twice, in 2008 and 2009, in 2009, Meyers hosted the Microsoft Company Meeting at Safeco Field in Seattle. Meyers hosted the 2010 and 2011 ESPY Awards on ESPN, in April 2011, Seth Meyers was the keynote speaker at the White House Correspondents Association Dinner. During his introductory remarks, he made a joke about Osama bin Ladens actions while in hiding, namely, Meyers was unaware that US intelligence had located bin Laden and the Navy SEALs planned an attack the next day. Meyers joined the SNL cast in 2001, in 2005, he was promoted to writing supervisor, and in January 2006 he became co-head writer, sharing the role with Tina Fey and Andrew Steele. In 2004, he auditioned to co-anchor Weekend Update with Fey, with Feys departure, Meyers became head writer for the 2006–2007 season and also assumed the role of Weekend Update co-anchor with Amy Poehler. After Poehlers departure, Meyers anchored solo between 2008 and 2013, in the 2013–2014 season, Cecily Strong joined Meyers as co-anchor. In fall 2009, Meyers co-anchored two episodes of Saturday Night Live Weekend Update Thursday with Poehler, in the season 29 episode hosted by Lindsay Lohan, he portrayed Ron Weasley in a parody of Harry Potter. Meyers supported and picketed during the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, when interviewed, he said, We all know how lucky we are to have the jobs we have
35.
Saturday Night Live
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Saturday Night Live is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11,1975, under the original title NBCs Saturday Night, the shows comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest and features performances by a musical guest, an episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, Live from New York, its Saturday Night. In 1980, Michaels left the series to other opportunities. He was replaced by Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season of bad reviews, Ebersol ran the show until 1985, when Michaels returned, Michaels has remained since then. Many of SNLs cast found national stardom while appearing on the show, others associated with the show, such as writers, have gone on to successful careers creating, writing, or starring in TV and film. The show format has developed and recreated in several countries. Successful sketches have seen life outside of the show as feature films, throughout four decades on air, Saturday Night Live has received a number of awards, including 50 Primetime Emmy Awards, two Peabody Awards, and three Writers Guild of America Awards. In 2000, it was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame and it was ranked tenth in TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time list, and in 2007 it was listed as one of Time magazines 100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME. As of 2012, it has received 156 Emmy nominations, the most received by any TV show, the live aspect of the show has resulted in several controversies and acts of censorship, with mistakes and intentional acts of sabotage by performers as well as guests. From 1965 until September 1975, NBC ran The Best of Carson reruns of The Tonight Show, in 1974, Johnny Carson announced that he wanted the weekend shows pulled and saved so that they could be aired during weeknights, allowing him to take time off. In 1974, NBC president Herbert Schlosser approached his vice president of late night programming, Dick Ebersol, at the suggestion of Paramount Pictures executive Barry Diller, Schlosser and Ebersol then approached Lorne Michaels. Over the next three weeks, Ebersol and Michaels developed the idea for a variety show featuring high-concept comedy sketches, political satire. By 1975 Michaels had assembled a talented cast, including Dan Aykroyd, John Belushi, Chevy Chase, Jane Curtin, Garrett Morris, Laraine Newman, Michael ODonoghue, Gilda Radner, and George Coe. The show was originally called NBCs Saturday Night, because Saturday Night Live was in use by Saturday Night Live with Howard Cosell on the rival network ABC, NBC purchased the rights to the name in 1976 and officially adopted the new title on March 26,1977. In 1975 and 1976, they were the most desirable demographic for television advertisers, NBC executives agreed with Michaels and decided to keep the show on the air despite many angry letters and phone calls that the network received from viewers who were offended by certain sketches. Chevy Chase left the show in November of the season and was replaced a few months later by the then-unknown comic actor Bill Murray. Aykroyd and Belushi left the show in 1979 after the end of season four, in May 1980, Michaels—emotionally and physically exhausted—requested to put the show on hiatus for a year to give him time and energy to pursue other projects
36.
Aspect ratio (image)
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The aspect ratio of an image describes the proportional relationship between its width and its height. It is commonly expressed as two separated by a colon, as in 16,9.5 yards high. The most common ratios used today in the presentation of films in cinemas are 1.85,1 and 2.39,1. Two common videographic aspect ratios are 4,3, the video format of the 20th century. Other cinema and video aspect ratios exist, but are used infrequently, in still camera photography, the most common aspect ratios are 4,3,3,2, and more recently being found in consumer cameras 16,9. Other aspect ratios, such as 5,3,5,4, in motion picture formats, the physical size of the film area between the sprocket perforations determines the images size. The universal standard is a frame that is four perforations high, the film itself is 35 mm wide, but the area between the perforations is 24.89 mm×18.67 mm, leaving the de facto ratio of 4,3, or 1.33,1. A4,3 ratio mimics human eyesight visual angle of 155°h x 120°v, the motion picture industry convention assigns a value of 1.0 to the image’s height, an anamorphic frame is often incorrectly described as 2.40,1 or 2.40. After 1952, a number of aspect ratios were experimented with for anamorphic productions, a SMPTE specification for anamorphic projection from 1957 finally standardized the aperture to 2.35,1. An update in 1970 changed the ratio to 2.39,1 in order to make splices less noticeable. This aspect ratio of 2.39,1 was confirmed by the most recent revision from August 1993, in American cinemas, the common projection ratios are 1.85,1 and 2.39,1. Some European countries have 1.66,1 as the wide screen standard, the Academy ratio of 1.375,1 was used for all cinema films in the sound era until 1953. During that time, television, which had a aspect ratio of 1.33,1. Hollywood responded by creating a number of wide-screen formats, CinemaScope, Todd-AO. The flat 1.85,1 aspect ratio was introduced in May 1953, and became one of the most common cinema projection standards in the U. S. and elsewhere. The goal of these lenses and aspect ratios was to capture as much of the frame as possible, onto as large an area of the film as possible. In either case the image was squeezed horizontally to fit the frame size. Development of various film camera systems must ultimately cater to the placement of the frame in relation to the constraints of the perforations
37.
Ross Mathews
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Ross Mathews is an American television personality widely known as an intern and a correspondent for The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, where he was known as Ross the Intern. Mathews has subsequently appeared on Celebrity Fit Club, The Insider and he is currently working on the shows Hollywood Today Live, RuPauls Drag Race and Live from E. Mathews began as an intern behind the scenes on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. From December 2001, he covered movie premieres, the Academy Awards, Mathews has contributed commentary to the E. networks various 101. Specials, and appeared as a weekly panelist on Es late night talk show Chelsea Lately and he appeared on the fifth season of VH1s reality television show, Celebrity Fit Club. During the course of the show, which premiered in April 2007, Mathews lost more than 40 lbs. Mathews was a guest host on The View, one of the very few men to sit on the panel. Former co-host Rosie ODonnell is Mathews mentor, according to the Celebrity Fit Club finale, Mathews appeared as a celebrity mob member on seven episodes of NBCs prime time game show 1 vs.100 in early 2008 with his winnings going to an animal adoption charity. Since 2011, Mathews has appeared a recurring guest role on the NBC daytime drama Days of Our Lives as Chris, inside Dish became the official online web-shows for CBSs Big Brother and The Amazing Race. Also in 2009, Mathews co-hosted GSNs Big Saturday Night, a weekly three-hour live game show and his other 2009 appearances included The Howard Stern Show and the 2009 Game Show Awards with Diane Mizota. In 2010, Mathews joined the E, networks red carpet team, filling in for Ryan Seacrest as co-host with Giuliana Rancic for E. Live From the Red Carpet coverage of the 2011 Screen Actors Guild Awards, the 2010 Emmy Awards, the 2011 Golden Globe Awards, in January 2011, Mathews starred in a pilot that he produced and co-wrote with fellow Chelsea Lately roundtable regular Heather McDonald. Titled Love or Hate, the pilot was made for the E, network and was executive produced by Chelsea Handler and her company Borderline Amazing Productions. Mathews also appeared in the E, networks After Lately, a show about the behind the scenes of Chelsea Lately. By September 2011, Mathews had formally moved on from The Tonight Show, returning for guest appearances, Mathews appeared in the fourth episode of the Bravo series Interior Therapy with Jeff Lewis, in which Lewis redesigned his and his boyfriends garage. On May 7,2013 Mathews released the book Man Up, Mathews was the host of Hello Ross, an interactive talk show on E. from September 6,2013 until May 16,2014. In 2015, Mathews and Carson Kressley were named as new judges for the 7th season of RuPauls Drag Race. Matthews has a podcast called Straight Talk with Ross Mathews that records at Podcast one Studios, matthews podcast debuted November 6,2014. At the end of 2015, Ross began filling in as a guest host on Hollywood Today Live and he became a permanent host on January 4,2016. In 2016, Ross Mathews guest starred as himself in an episode of the Mike Tyson Mysteries titled Unsolved Situations, since 2008, he has been in a relationship with stylist Salvador Camarena
38.
Headlines (Jay Leno)
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Headlines was a segment that aired weekly on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. It also aired on the prime-time spin-off The Jay Leno Show, the segment usually aired on Monday nights. It was first seen in 1987, when Leno was still a guest host on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, and continued until Jay Leno left The Tonight Show in 2014. Since the early 1980s, David Letterman had been doing a segment called Small Town News on The David Letterman Show, Late Night with David Letterman. Conan OBrien parodied Headlines on Late Night with Conan OBrien in a segment called Actual Items, Jimmy Fallon includes an updated version called Screengrabs, on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. On December 18,2006, both Letterman and Leno included in their segments an item in The Dallas Morning News about Letterman, strange includes personal ads from the book Jay Lenos Headlines in an issue of Campus Life
39.
The Howard Stern Show
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The Howard Stern Show is an American talk radio show hosted by Howard Stern. It gained wide recognition when it was syndicated on terrestrial radio from 1986 to 2005. The show has been exclusive to Sirius XM Radio, a satellite radio service, since 2006. Other prominent staff members include co-host and news anchor Robin Quivers, writer Fred Norris, the show developed in 1979 when Stern landed his first morning shift at WCCC in Hartford, Connecticut, four years into his professional radio career. He continued to break out as a morning personality at WWWW in Detroit, Michigan in 1980, in 1982, Sterns success in Washington led to a spot at WNBC in New York City, where he hosted the citys top afternoon show until his firing in 1985. In the New York area, the show was the morning program consecutively between 1994 and 2001. A total of $2.5 million in fines were issued to station licensees that carried the show by the Federal Communications Commission, following Sterns contract with Sirius in 2004, the show left terrestrial radio in December 2005. Since 1994, the show has been taped and broadcast on networks, including E. CBS, and HowardTV. An upcoming audio and video streaming app is currently in development, Stern landed his first professional radio job while at Boston University, performing on-air skits, news casting and production duties at WNTN in Newton, Massachusetts from August to December 1975. After his graduation, Stern landed some cover shifts in December 1976 at WRNW and he produced more creative commercials by calling the owners of businesses on the air, which he wrote was mind-blowing to everyone there. In 1979, Stern responded to an advertisement for a wild, fun morning guy at WCCC, rock station in Hartford and he produced a more outrageous audition tape, playing Robert Klein and Cheech and Chong records mixed with flatulence routines and one-liners. He was hired for the job, his first in a radio market. As the stations public affairs director, Stern also hosted an interview show on Sunday mornings. He would ask more unusual type questions to his guests, such as their dating habits, Stern held a two-day boycott of Shell Oil Company during the summer of the 1979 energy crisis, which made Stern and the station make national news. Stern also began his Dial-a-Date routines at WCCC, and met Fred Norris, Norris would join the show as Sterns writer and producer in 1981. After Stern left WCCC for being denied a raise in salary, he began a new morning shift at WWWW, a struggling rock outlet in Detroit, Michigan on April 21,1980. He learned to become more open on the air and decided to cut down the barriers. strip down all the ego. and be totally honest. I still sounded like an FM announcer. Stern held an event and wrestled women outside the studios, and invited listeners to confess the most outrageous places where they had sex
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