Thermae
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In ancient Rome, thermae and balneae were facilities for bathing. Thermae usually refers to the large imperial bath complexes, while balneae were smaller-scale facilities, public or private, that exis
Roman public baths in Bath, England. The entire structure above the level of the pillar bases is a later reconstruction.
Bulla Regia, inside the thermal baths
Mosaic bath sign from Sabratha, Libya, showing bathing sandals, three strigils, and the phrase SALVOM LAVISSE, expressing a hope that the bathers enjoyed their bathing
Pompeian interior, The Thermae by Forum by Joseph Theodor Hansen (1848–1912)
Caldarium
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A caldarium was a room with a hot plunge bath, used in a Roman bath complex. The boiler supplying hot water to a baths complex was also called caldarium.
Thermae
…were supplied with water from an adjacent river or stream, or within cities by aqueduct. The water would be heated by fire then channelled into the caldarium (hot bathing room). The design of baths is discussed by Vitruvius in De architectura (V.10). Thermae, balneae, balineae, balneum and balineum may all…
Caldarium from the Roman baths at Bath, England. The floor has been removed to reveal the empty space where the hot air flowed through to heat the floor.