Tiraz, the Persian word for a type of embroidery and clothing textiles, are medieval Islamic embroideries, usually in the form of armbands sewn onto robes of honour. They were bestowed upon high-ranki
A sovereign wearing an armband with Arabic inscription, the tiraz
Enthroned person wearing a qaba dress with tiraz armbands, Kashan, late 12th-early 13th century CE.
Copy of the mantle of Roger II, Fatimid art textile
This tiraz attributed to the 7th-century Umayyad caliph Marwan I is among the earliest tiraz. It uses very small Kufic script and very dominant pattern typical of early tiraz.
A robe of honour were rich garments given by medieval and early modern Islamic rulers to subjects as tokens of honour, often as part of a ceremony of appointment to a public post, or as a token of con
Tiraz
…similar with the minting of the caliph's name on coins (sikka). Tiraz bands were presented to loyal subjects in a formal ceremony, known as the khil'a ("robe of honor") ceremony, which can be traced as far as the time of Muhammad. The term "khil'a" literally means "cast-off", and originally a khil'a was a piece of…
Mahmud of Ghazni dons a robe of honour sent by the Abbasid caliph al-Qadir
A Royal Hunting Scene, attributed to Bihzad (detail). Hasht Bihisht of Amir Khosrow Dihlavi, Topkapı Palace Museum Library, Istanbul, H.676, frontispiece, fol. 2r (1496)
William Fullerton of Rosemount, EIC surgeon in Patna and mayor of Calcutta, receiving a visitor, attended by servants with fly-whisks, 1764. Victoria and Albert Museum, London
After rebelling against the Mughals, Da'ud, vassal ruler of Bengal, was given a robe of honor. Da'ud awkwardly tries to fit into the robe of honor, suggesting his reluctance to submit to Mughal authority