1.
Carson Daly
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Carson Jones Daly is an American television host, radio personality, producer and television personality. Prior to 2002, Daly was a VJ on MTVs Total Request Live, Daly also hosts a weekly top 30 countdown show The Daly Download with Carson Daly which is produced by CBS Radio and syndicated though Westwood One. The program airs on Saturday and Sunday mornings in a three- or four-hour edition on CHR/AC radio stations, Daly was born in Santa Monica, California, the son of Coachella Valley TV personality Pattie Daly Caruso, and actor Jim Daly. His mother is from Fayetteville, North Carolina and his father died from bladder cancer when Carson was a boy. Daly attended Santa Monica High School and was a member of the golf team before graduating in 1991. He attended Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles and dropped out to pursue a pro golf career and he is of Irish descent and has worked with Guinness on local Proposition 3-17 to make Saint Patricks Day an official holiday. Daly served as an intern to Jimmy Kimmel in radio at the age of 18, Daly began his broadcasting career at the radio station KOME in San Jose, California. Daly was then given the 6-10 PM time slot at KOMEs sister station KROQ in Los Angeles and it was during Dalys time at KROQ that MTV recruited Daly to serve as a VJ during MTVs summer beach house programming called Motel California. At the end of the summer, MTV hired Daly as a permanent VJ, once in New York, Daly began hosting MTV Live. Daly hosted MTVS TRL from 1998-2003, TRL was born out of two shows, Total Request and MTV Live both hosted by Daly. Dalys role as host of the live program included introducing the top 10 videos of the day. In 2002, Last Call with Carson Daly debuted, the show was shot on the same set as Saturday Night Live until 2005 when it moved to Los Angeles. Beginning in 2003-04, Daly began hosting a New Years Eve special for NBC, in 2011, Daly began hosting and executive-producing NBCs reality music competition The Voice. Dalys duties as host include watching blind auditions alongside contestants family members, as a producer of The Voice, Daly has won two Emmy Awards for Outstanding Reality-Competition Program, first in 2013 and again in 2015. When the previous social media correspondent Christina Millian did not return to the show, Carson Daly appears in a brief but pivotal role in the first episode of My Name Is Earl. Earl is thus inspired by Carson Daly to turn his own life around, Carson Daly also had a small role on Dave Chappelles show Chappelles Show. In September 2013, Daly became the orange room anchor on the Today show and also serves as a anchor for Matt Lauer, Willie Geist. Daly is a partner with Jonathan Rifkind, Jonathan B. Davis and Bam Margera of an independent record label,456 Enterprise & Entertainment
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
MTV
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MTV is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks and headquartered in New York City. Launched on August 1,1981, the originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as video jockeys. In its early years, MTVs main target demographic was young adults and it has received criticism towards this change of focus, both by certain segments of its audience and musicians. MTVs influence on its audience, including issues involving censorship and social activism, has also been a subject of debate for several years, in recent years, MTV had struggled with the secular decline of music-related cable media. In April 2016, MTV announced it would start to return to its original music roots with the reintroduction of the classic MTV series MTV Unplugged. It was also reported that the series MTV Cribs would be making a return on Snapchat, MTV has spawned numerous sister channels in the US and affiliated channels internationally, some of which have gone independent. As of July 2015, approximately 92,188,000 US households have received MTV, several earlier concepts for music video-based television programming had been around since the early 1960s. The Beatles had used music videos to promote their records starting in the mid-1960s, CBS rejected the idea, but Williams premiered his own musical composition Classical Gas on the Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour, where he was head writer. The series featured clips from various popular artists, but was canceled by its distributor in 1971. The channel, which featured video disc jockeys, signed a deal with US Cable in 1978 to expand its audience from retail to cable television, the service was no longer active by the time MTV launched in 1981. The QUBE system offered many specialized channels, One of these specialized channels was Sight on Sound, a music channel that featured concert footage and music-oriented television programs. With the interactive QUBE service, viewers could vote for their favorite songs, the original programming format of MTV was created by media executive Robert W. Pittman, who later became president and chief executive officer of MTV Networks. Pittman had test-driven the music format by producing and hosting a 15-minute show, Album Tracks, the inspiration for PopClips came from a similar program on New Zealands TVNZ network named Radio with Pictures, which premiered in 1976. The concept itself had been in the works since 1966, when record companies began supplying the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation with promotional music clips to play on the air at no charge. Few artists made the trip to New Zealand to appear live. A shortened version of the shuttle launch ID ran at the top of hour in various forms. The first music video shown on MTV was The Buggles Video Killed the Radio Star and this was followed by the video for Pat Benatars You Better Run. Sporadically, the screen would go black when an employee at MTV inserted a tape into a VCR, MTVs lower third graphics that appeared near the beginning and end of music videos would eventually use the recognizable Kabel typeface for about 25 years
4.
Celebrity
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Celebrity status is often associated with wealth, while fame often provides opportunities to make money. Successful careers in sports and entertainment are commonly associated with celebrity status, People may also become celebrities due to media attention on their lifestyle, wealth, or controversial actions, or for their connection to a famous person. Throughout recorded history there are accounts of people who attracted the trappings of celebrity which would be recognized today, athletes in Ancient Greece were welcomed home as heroes, had songs and poems written in their honor, and received free food and gifts from those seeking celebrity endorsement. Ancient Rome similarly lauded actors and notorious gladiators, and Julius Caesar appeared on a coin in his own lifetime, in the 12th century, Thomas Becket became famous following his murder. He was promoted by the Christian Church as a martyr and images of him, the cult of personality can be traced back to the Romantics in the 18th Century, whose livelihood as artists and poets depended on the currency of their reputation. The establishment of cultural hot-spots became an important factor in the process of generating fame, for example, London, newspapers started including gossip columns and certain clubs and events became places to be seen in order to receive publicity. The movie industry spread around the globe in the first half of the 20th Century, yet, celebrity wasnt always tied to actors in films, especially when cinema was starting out as a medium. The second half of the century saw television and popular music bring new forms of celebrity, such as the rock star, unlike movies, television created celebrities who were not primarily actors, for example, presenters, talk show hosts and news readers. In the sixties and early seventies the book publishing industry began to persuade major celebrities to put their names on autobiographies and other titles in a genre called celebrity publishing. In most cases the book was not written by the celebrity but by a ghost-writer, cultures and regions with a significant population may have their own independent celebrity systems, with distinct hierarchies. For example, the Canadian province of Quebec, which is French-speaking, has its own system of French-speaking television, movie, a person who garners a degree of fame in one culture may be considered less famous or obscure in another. S. Whereas the francophone Canadian singer Celine Dion is well known in both the French-speaking world and in the United States, regions within a country, or cultural communities can also have their own celebrity systems, especially in linguistically or culturally distinct regions such as Quebec or Wales. Regional radio personalities, newscasters, politicians or community leaders may be local or regional celebrities and these informal rankings indicate a placing within a hierarchy. However, due to differing levels of celebrity in different regions, a Brazilian actor might be a B-list action film actor in the U. S. but an A-list star in Portugal. Some elements are associated with fame, such as appearing on the cover of Time, being spoofed in Mad, having a wax statue in Madame Tussauds, certain people are known even to people unfamiliar with the area in which they excelled. If one has to name a famous boxer, they are likely to name Muhammad Ali or Mike Tyson. The same phenomenon is true for fictional characters, superman, Spider-Man, The Hulk, Wonder Woman and Batman represent super heroes to a far wider audience than that of the comics and graphic novels in which they appear. Disney have themeparks around the world rely on the fame of its creations headed by Mickey Mouse
5.
Demographics
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Demography is the statistical study of populations, especially human beings. As a very general science, it can analyse any kind of dynamic living population, Demography encompasses the study of the size, structure, and distribution of these populations, and spatial or temporal changes in them in response to birth, migration, ageing, and death. Based on the research of the earth, earths population up to the year 2050 and 2100 can be estimated by demographers. Demographics are quantifiable characteristics of a given population, demographic analysis can cover whole societies or groups defined by criteria such as education, nationality, religion, and ethnicity. Educational institutions usually treat demography as a field of sociology, though there are a number of independent demography departments, demographic thoughts can be traced back to antiquity, and were present in many civilizations and cultures, like Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, India and China. In ancient Greece, this can be found in the writings of Herodotus, Thucidides, Hippocrates, Epicurus, Protagoras, Polus, Plato and Aristotle. In Rome, writers and philosophers like Cicero, Seneca, Pliny the elder, Marcus Aurelius, Epictetus, Cato, in the Middle ages, Christian thinkers devoted much time in refuting the Classical ideas on demography. Important contributors to the field were William of Conches, Bartholomew of Lucca, William of Auvergne, William of Pagula, and Ibn Khaldun. One of the earliest demographic studies in the period was Natural and Political Observations Made upon the Bills of Mortality by John Graunt. Among the studys findings were that one third of the children in London died before their sixteenth birthday, mathematicians, such as Edmond Halley, developed the life table as the basis for life insurance mathematics. Richard Price was credited with the first textbook on life contingencies published in 1771, followed later by Augustus de Morgan, at the end of the 18th century, Thomas Robert Malthus concluded that, if unchecked, populations would be subject to exponential growth. He feared that population growth would tend to outstrip growth in production, leading to ever-increasing famine. He is seen as the father of ideas of overpopulation. Later, more sophisticated and realistic models were presented by Benjamin Gompertz, the period 1860-1910 can be characterized as a period of transition wherein demography emerged from statistics as a separate field of interest. There are two types of data collection—direct and indirect—with several different methods of each type, direct data comes from vital statistics registries that track all births and deaths as well as certain changes in legal status such as marriage, divorce, and migration. In developed countries with good registration systems, registry statistics are the best method for estimating the number of births and deaths, a census is the other common direct method of collecting demographic data. A census is conducted by a national government and attempts to enumerate every person in a country. Analyses are conducted after a census to estimate how much over or undercounting took place and these compare the sex ratios from the census data to those estimated from natural values and mortality data
6.
Toby Amies
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Toby has specialised in making programmes about art, music and travel, with a special emphasis on fringe culture and alternative perspectives. In addition, he is a widely published portrait photographer and writer, amies was brought up in Worcestershire and went to the University of Exeter in Devon and subsequently the University of Kansas, where he was awarded a scholarship in Art History. He declined the scholarship in favour of work in music TV in the UK at the Powerstation and he started DJing in art college in Cheltenham and after leaving the UK he worked behind the decks in Arizona at top 40 radio station KRQ alongside Jimmy Kimmel. He later worked at MCA Records in Los Angeles and then moved to work in the department at MTV Europe partly thanks to work/appearances with Quentin Tarantino. He also worked alongside Davina McCall, amies later moved to MTV USA to host MTV Live with Carson Daly. He also hosted his own show, Countdown to the Ten Spot, in 1999, he moved on to form the band Genius Steals with New York photographer Brooke Williams, working with Moby, Romanthony, Darry Logan, Jim Sclavunos and Matt Verta-Ray amongst others. At this time he hosted the anarchic US Top 20. Since moving back to the UK hes covered film festivals for FilmFour, worked for Radio 4 and he now concentrates on photography, making documentaries and sporadic artworks. In the Lonely Planet series, he teams up with fellow British presenter Asha Gill, amies recently has presented programmes on Radio 4, BBC Two, BBC Four and BBC World Service. He has made a feature-length documentary The Man Whose Mind Exploded supported by the Wellcome Trust, Screen South and the Arts Council
7.
One Astor Plaza
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One Astor Plaza is a 745 ft high skyscraper in Times Square in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Completed in 1972, the building is 54 stories tall and was designed by Der Scutt of Ely J. Kahn & Jacobs, the Hotel Astor had occupied the site from 1904 to 1967. Construction of the began in 1968 and was completed in 1972. The building was the headquarters of the now-defunct W. T. Grant retail chain and it is owned and managed by SL Green Realty Corporation. The building engineers are Shmerykowsky Consulting Engineers, the Minskoff is a Broadway theatre named after its developers, a prominent local real estate family. Accessible from the arcade in the center of the building. Astor Plaza houses the MTV Studios, owned by Viacom, the primary tenant. The studios are located on the second story of the building. It was initially split into three major studios all located by the windows and iconic window shades. The three studios were named after the three sections of Manhattan, the Uptown Studio, the Midtown Studio, and the Downtown Studio and they are named so because they are proportional to the real sections of Manhattan. The Uptown Studio was home to MTVs former flagship program, Total Request Live, the Midtown Studio is used by various MTV programming, MTV News, VH1s Big Morning Buzz Live and on occasion Nickelodeon and Comedy Central. The smallest studio, the Downtown Studio, is used for other countdown shows. It is occasionally used as a green room if the actual green room is occupied. The MTV Studios also include dressing rooms, control rooms, a cafeteria, MTV also uses the seventh floor roof and many upstairs floors in the building. The first floor includes an Oakley, Billabong, Element Skateboards, Aéropostale store, the Loews Astor Plaza movie theater originally occupied the buildings public space below street level, accessible from West 44th St. It opened on June 26,1974, and was New Yorks largest capacity cinema at 1,440 seats, the theaters single screen often drew large crowds on opening nights. It closed in 2004, making Clearviews Ziegfeld Theatre New Yorks largest cinema, after a nine-month $21 million renovation, the space reopened as a music venue under the ownership of Anschutz Entertainment Group, currently known as PlayStation Theater. On the evening of May 1,2010, a car bomb was defused by the New York City Police Department on West 45th Street
8.
Times Square
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It stretches from West 42nd to West 47th Streets. One of the worlds busiest pedestrian areas, it is also the hub of the Broadway Theater District, Times Square is one of the worlds most visited tourist attractions, drawing an estimated 50 million visitors annually. Approximately 330,000 people pass through Times Square daily, many of them tourists, the southern triangle of Times Square has no specific name, but the northernmost of the two triangles is called Father Duffy Square. Since 2008, the booth has been backed by a red, sloped, triangular set of stairs, which is used by people to sit, talk, eat. When Manhattan Island was first settled by the Dutch, three small streams united near what is now 10th Avenue and 40th street and these three streams formed the Great Kill. From there the Great Kill wound through the low-lying Reed Valley, known for fish and waterfowl, the name was retained in a tiny hamlet, Great Kill, that became a center for carriage-making, as the upland to the south and east became known as Longacre. Before and after the American Revolution, the area belonged to John Morin Scott, scotts manor house was at what is currently 43rd Street, surrounded by countryside used for farming and breeding horses. By 1872, the area had become the center of New Yorks horse carriage industry, the locality had not previously been given a name, and city authorities called it Longacre Square after Long Acre in London, where the horse and carriage trade was centered in that city. William Henry Vanderbilt owned and ran the American Horse Exchange there, in 1910 it became the Winter Garden Theatre. The first theater on the square, the Olympia, was built by cigar manufacturer, by the early 1890s this once sparsely settled stretch of Broadway was ablaze with electric light and thronged by crowds of middle- and upper-class theatre, restaurant and cafe patrons. In 1904, New York Times publisher Adolph S. Ochs persuaded Mayor George B, mcClellan, Jr. to construct a subway station there, and the area was renamed Times Square on April 8,1904. Just three weeks later, the first electrified advertisement appeared on the side of a bank at the corner of 46th Street, the north end later became Duffy Square, and the former Horse Exchange became the Winter Garden Theatre. The New York Times, according to Nolan, moved to spacious offices west of the square in 1913. The old Times Building was later named the Allied Chemical Building in 1963, now known simply as One Times Square, it is famed for the Times Square Ball drop on its roof every New Years Eve. In 1913, the Lincoln Highway Association, headed by entrepreneur Carl G. Fisher, chose the intersection of 42nd Street and Broadway to be the Eastern Terminus of the Lincoln Highway. This was the first road across the United States, which originally spanned 3,389 miles coast-to-coast through 13 states to its terminus in Lincoln Park in San Francisco. Times Square grew dramatically after World War I and it became a cultural hub full of theatres, music halls, and upscale hotels. Times Square quickly became New Yorks agora, a place to gather to await great tidings and to celebrate them, advertising also grew significantly in the 1920s, growing from $25 million to $85 million over the decade
9.
MTV2
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MTV2 is an American digital cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom. The channel was initially broadcast over-the-air in selected markets, where the former all-request music channel known as The Box was broadcast, the channel launched initially as a constant, commercial-free music videos, once the original MTV had started to change its direction to reality television and serial documentaries. During the 2000s, the changed as well on MTV2, music video programming has been moved gradually away from MTV. In February 2015, approximately 79,416,000 American households received MTV2, MTV2 began broadcasting as simply M2 on August 1,1996 – MTVs 15th anniversary – with Becks Where Its At being the first video to air. Upon M2s launch, the new 24-hour music video proved to be as popular with viewers as MTV hoped. M2 also broadcast live over the internet during its early years, as digital cable expanded nationwide, MTV2 continued its own inexorable growth. During M2s first year, music videos were programmed to run on a 24-hour basis without repeating, leading to reports of marathon viewing sessions at college campuses across the country. However, once it became clear M2s market growth was being thwarted by the cable companies obstinance. The most obvious change—and the most upsetting to viewers—was the decision to end M2s popular 24-hour no repeat policy, predictably, this new format was as disappointing and frustrating to M2 fans as it was to the network itself. At its launch, M2 had three VJs, Jancee Dunn, Matt Pinfield and Kris Kosach, each of whom appeared on-screen 3-5 times per hour over the course of their individual 4-6 hour host segments. To many long-time MTV viewers, Pinfield was well known for hosting the seminal MTV show 120 Minutes, while Kosach, Pinfield eventually left to host other shows on MTV, while Kosach moved on to TechTV, Dunn, ever popular, remained at the channel through 2001. This unprecedented mandate gave programmers the freedom to showcase obscure and/or emerging artists, or connections between the videos themselves, e. g. the director, common themes, visual effects, etc. In addition, record companies asked to have new artists appear on the channel in taped segments with the VJs because M2 viewers were considered tastemakers and early-adopters. Even an act as huge as the Spice Girls made their first American TV appearance on M2, as did their video for Wannabe, which was a number-one hit worldwide. Starting on January 1,2000, in honor of the millennium, while a majority of videos were played, many were skipped over. The special ended in mid-April 2000, in 1997, Viacom, MTV and MTV2s parent company, bought out the independent, viewer-requested jukebox music video channel known as The Box. Starting on January 1,2001, all households that had received The Box began to receive MTV2 in its place, MTV2 also began adding television commercials to its broadcasts, beforehand, cable or satellite providers interrupted MTV2s feed to insert their own ads. MTV2 also began to separate the types of videos it played by genre, hip-hop and soul music was played for one hour every weekday at 10 a. m. and 10 p. m
10.
MTVU
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MTVU is an American digital cable television network owned by the Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom. Music videos played on the channel primarily consist of rock, pop punk. MTV Networks proposal for a channel targeting college students, tentatively called MTV University, CTN began as a venture that installed video jukeboxes on campuses. Seven months later, after CTN wound up in trouble and as National Lampoon had just acquired the defunct Burly Bear. In February 2008, MTV Networks discontinued VH1 Uno, a sparsely viewed Spanish language music video channel, according to its promotional materials, MTVU broadcasts exclusive content dedicated to aspects of college life, including music, news, and on-campus events. The channel was the first MTV network to all of its content online. MTVU shows include Deans List, the MTVU Awards, and MTVU Spring Break, MTVU plays a mix of music videos with an emphasis on emerging artists. Each hour, MTVU broadcasts news updates from ABC News, including international news, twice an hour, MTV News airs stories on subjects such as music downloading, and musical artists under promotion by MTVU. Additionally, MTVU airs several programs produced by and featuring college students. It has also started a networking site Meet or Delete. MTVU broadcasts its own semi-annual awards show, the mtvU Woodie Awards, the 2006 ceremony was also notable for the altercation of Elijah Wood and Scott from the music blog Stereogum with Jared Leto. The 2008 awards had a fan voting for the Best Music On Campus award. Winners at the 2008 Woodie Awards included Paramore and There for Tomorrow, winners at the 2009 Woodie Awards included Green Day, Kings of Leon, Matt & Kim, NeverShoutNever, Tech N9ne and Hotel of the Laughing Tree. Winners at the 2014 Woodie Awards include Beyoncé, Drake, Ed Sheeran, fall Out Boy will become the first inductees at Hall of Wood at the 2015 Woodie Awards. They had won the Streaming Woodie award for Grand Theft Autumn at the first ceremony in 2004, the online game Darfur is Dying was developed as part of an MTVU contest, and other Sudan genocide coverage won MTVU two Emmys, including the 2006 Governors Award. Its Half of Us initiative won a Peabody Award in 2007 for its research and dedication to fighting depression. MTVU also provides grants for student activists, giving away $1,000 a week to various student groups, MTVU currently co-sponsors the ecomagination Challenge with GE, which aims to empower college students to solve environmental problems on campuses. MTVU also sponsored the Film Your Issue competition, a designed to encourage college-age filmmakers to make short political pieces
11.
Censorship on MTV
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Censorship on MTV has been the subject of debate for years. MTV, the first and most popular television network in the U. S. has come under criticism for being too politically correct and sensitive. MTV altered or removed shows from the schedule and music videos were censored, moved to late-night rotation. MTV came under criticism for being too politically correct and sensitive when it came to censorship and this was most prevalent in the eventual decline of the hit show Jackass. The creators of Jackass often felt that MTVs producers did not let the show run its course due to the excessive restraints placed on the Jackass team. MTVs influence also affected its famous animated program, Beavis and Butt-head. In the wake of controversy followed a child burning down his house after allegedly watching the show. Also, Beavis tendency to flick a lighter and scream the word fire was removed from new episodes, and controversial scenes were removed from existing episodes before rebroadcast. Some of the edits were so extensive that when series creator Mike Judge compiled his Collection DVDs he found out some of those episodes may not even exist actually in their original form. The Parents Television Council has argued that much of the material on MTV is easily discernible because of the context in which it is presented. In the 1980s, parent-media watchdog groups such as the PMRC criticized MTV over certain music videos that were claimed to have explicit imagery of Satanism, MTV has developed a strict policy on refusal to air videos that may depict devil worship or anti-religious bigotry. This led MTV to ban the videos for Jesus Christ Pose by Soundgarden, usually, all racial slurs are censored on MTV music videos and programming. MTV has emphasized racial tolerance and diversity awareness for people of all races, MTV refused to air the music video Bombs by Faithless due to its anti-war message. Examples of such edits have included, In the song Beautiful Girls by Sean Kingston, in Michael Jacksons single They Dont Care About Us, MTV has replaced the words Jew me and kike me with do me and strike me in the line Jew me, sue me. Kick me, kike me, dont you black or white me, jackson argued that the song used the words to describe prejudice and that it was poor judgment to select Jewish people as explanatory words. This Love by Maroon 5 had the words coming and sinking muted out due to possible sexual connotations, to deal with criticism over risque content in certain videos, MTV moved certain videos to late-night rotation in censored format. Such videos included If I Could Turn Back Time by Cher, the song Étienne by Guesch Patti was moved to late-night rotation in MTV Europe in 1987 due to a striptease scene. In 2002, MTV2 showed this video in its special Most Controversial Videos, in 2002, only MTV2 would play the Public Enemy video Gotta Give the Peeps What They Need, because it contained free Mumia in the lyrics
12.
Viacom Media Networks
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Its sister international division is Viacom International Media Networks. The company was founded in 1984 after Warner Communications and American Express decided to divest the basic cable assets of Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, renaming it as MTV Networks, Warner-Amex had originally created and owned Nickelodeon, MTV, VH1 and The Movie Channel. Viacom acquired 66% of the company in 1985 and then acquired the remaining interest in 1986 and it was then folded into Viacom International Inc. a subsidiary of Viacom Inc. and is no longer a distinct legal entity. Viacom Media Networks family of brands is divided into three sections, based on the type of programming and audiences they serve. All networks are simulcasted in high definition aside from the music networks. The company also owns internet properties, such as MTV News, MTV International, the company ran a virtual world system, Virtual MTV in the late 2000s. It formerly owned Neopets, Atom Entertainment, and other web properties before shutting them down or selling them to companies in the 2000s and 2010s. Viacom had a division called MTV Games, which used to publish the Rock Band and Dance Central series by Harmonix Music Systems. MTV Networks opened another game division called 345 Games in New York City, the Rock Band series and the Dance Central series will be published by other publishers. The first game published by 345 Games was Ugly Americans, Apocalypsegaddeon based on the Comedy Central TV series, recently,345 Games has announced a video game based on the popular MMA franchise, Bellator Fighting Championships. Viacom International Media Networks is a division of Viacom International and its headquarters are based in New York, London, Warsaw and Buenos Aires. It consists of 64 localized MTV channels, MTV Live HD, VH1, Nickelodeon, TMF, VIVA, Comedy Central, Game One, Nitrome Limited, Shockwave, Addicting Games, Atom Films and Xfire. S. Including MTV, Comedy Central and Nickelodeon are experiencing falls in viewership unlike other US broadcasters, MTV, Comedy Central and Nickelodeon are of most concern to investors
13.
Seaside Heights, New Jersey
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Seaside Heights is a borough in Ocean County, New Jersey, United States. Seaside Heights is situated on the Barnegat Peninsula, a long, the borough was named for its location on the Atlantic Ocean. As a resort community, the beach, an amusement-oriented boardwalk, Seaside Heights calls itself, Your Home For Family Fun Since 1913. The beach season runs from March to October, with the months being July and August. Route 37 in Toms River is routinely gridlocked on Friday afternoons in the months as vacationers travel to the barrier islands. In 1915, Senate Amusement Company of Philadelphia planned to build an attraction in Seaside Heights within feet of the border to Seaside Park. Their plan was to build a pier to house a carousel. The structure was built in 1915 under the direction of Joseph Vanderslice of Senate Amusement Company, budget issues stalled the project in 1916, and the amusement ride and building was subsequently sold to Frank Freeman. On June 9,1955, a neon sign component caused a fire at a shop on the corner of Ocean Terrace. The fire was driven by winds estimated at 50 miles per hour, blowing the fire south, the fire was stopped at Stockton Avenue due in part to the fact that the boardwalk and pier ended there. In what became known as Freemans Fire, a total of 85 buildings were destroyed with an estimated $4 million in damage, beginning on October 29,2012, substantial portions of the boardwalk were damaged and much of the borough was flooded as a result of Hurricane Sandy. Both the Funtown Pier and Casino Pier suffered major damage, with sections of both piers torn apart by powerful storm surges and waves causing many of the rides to collapse into the ocean. With a curfew set at 4,00 pm to prevent looting, Casino Pier began cleanup attempts soon after, in an attempt to reopen in time for the summer 2013 season. The Jet Star roller coaster that fell into the water with the Casino Pier had become an attraction in itself. It was taken apart by a wrecker from Weeks Marine on May 14,2013, repairs to the boardwalk were completed on June 21,2013, with New Jerseys First Lady, Mary Pat Christie, hammering the nail into the final board of the project. On September 12,2013, a fire swept from the Funtown Pier northward. The fire is believed to have started under the boardwalk, below the Kohrs Kustard stand at the end of the pier. Jack & Bills Bar and Kohrs Kustard were two businesses that were destroyed in the 1955 and 2013 fires
14.
Flagship
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A flagship is a vessel used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships, characteristically a flag officer entitled by custom to fly a distinguishing flag. Used more loosely, it is the ship in a fleet of vessels, typically the first, largest, fastest, most heavily armed. In common naval use, the flagship is fundamentally a temporary designation. Historically, only larger ships could accommodate such requirements, the term was also used by commercial fleets, when the distinction between a nations navy and merchant fleet was not clear. In the age of sailing ships, the flagship was typically a first-rate, non-first rates could serve as flagships, however, the USS Constitution, a frigate, served as flagship for parts of the United States Navy during the early 19th century. In the 20th century, ships became large enough that the types, cruisers and up, could accommodate a commander. Some larger ships may have a flag bridge for use by the admiral. Because its primary function is to coordinate a fleet, a flagship is not necessarily more heavily armed or armored than other ships, during World War II admirals often preferred a faster ship over the largest one. Modern flagships are designed primarily for command and control rather than for fighting, as with many other naval terms, flagship has crossed over into general usage, where it means the most important or leading member of a group, as in the flagship station of a broadcast network. Is used as both a noun and adjective describing the most prominent or highly touted product, brand, location, derivations include the flagship brand or flagship product of a manufacturing company, flagship store of a retail chain, or flagship service of a hospitality or transportation concern. The term flagship may have applications, Auto companies may have a flagship in the form of their leading or highest-priced car. Electronics companies may have a series of products considered to be their flagship, for example, the Samsung Galaxy S series consists of several flagship smartphones that are released on a yearly basis. In rail transport, a service is either the fastest or most luxurious. Often it is also a train or service. In some cases, special service or a class above first class may be available in the service while it is not offered in normal services. Flagship services are used to present the company in advertising or abroad. Most states in the United States provide public university education through one or more university systems, the phrase flagship institution or flagship university may be applied to an individual school or campus within each state system. These schools are often land-grant, sea-grant, or space-grant research universities, the use of the term is seen by some as elitist and boastful
15.
Dave Holmes (actor)
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David Robert Dave Holmes is a television personality who gained national attention as the runner-up on MTVs first Wanna Be a VJ contest in 1998. From the beginning, he distinguished himself from other candidates with a knowledge of music trivia. Despite his loss to Jesse Camp, MTV hired Holmes to conduct celebrity interviews and he went on to host several other MTV shows, including 120 Minutes, a Real World reunion special, and the popular Say What. His MTV career lasted two years longer than Camps. On July 7,2007, he co-hosted Bravos coverage of the Live Earth Concerts with Karen Duffy and he also appeared on Most Annoying People of 2008 on BBC. Holmes came out as a gay man in Out magazine in 2002, on September 23,2010, Holmes contributed a video to the It Gets Better project, spearheaded by advice columnist and gay rights activist Dan Savage. Currently, he works on-air at FX, and he hosts the video podcast A Drink With Dave. He is the host of the Maximum Fun comedy quiz show International Waters and he has also been appearing in commercials for Ford motors. Born and raised in St. Louis, Holmess family includes parents Charles and Mary Lou, the family runs a financial consulting business in Clayton, Missouri, a St. Louis suburb. Holmes has been in a long relationship with musician Ben Wise since the early 2000s. On June 28,2016, Penguin Random Houses Crown Archetype imprint published Holmes nonfiction book Party of One, the memoir chronicles Holmess experiences coming to self-acceptance during adolescence and early adulthood, with popular music as a guide and backdrop, from the 1980s through the present day. Kirkus Reviews has described it as a hilarious and touching story that will strike a particular nerve among Generation Y. Pillowfighter Fantastic Four You Owe Us. Reno 911, miami Promotion Atomic Zoo, Sylvia Plath Car Wash Hell Baby Contracted You or a Loved One Spankin New Music Week Kidnapped Fire Me
16.
Hanson (band)
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Hanson is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States, formed by brothers Isaac, Taylor and Zac. Supporting members include Dimetres Collins, and Andrew Perusi who have toured and performed live with the band since 2007 and they are best known for the 1997 hit song MMMBop from their major label debut album Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations. Despite the enormous success of Middle of Nowhere, the band suffered from the merger that eliminated their label. The group was moved to Island Def Jam Music Group, which eventually left after a conflict with the label. Hanson has sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had 8 top 40 albums and 6 top 40 singles in the US, the band now records under its own label, 3CG Records. In the early to mid-1990s, Isaac, Taylor and Zac sang a cappella and recorded such songs as Rockin Robin, Splish Splash. Goode, as well as their own material and their first performance as a professional group took place in 1992 at the Mayfest Arts Festival in Tulsa. They were known as the Hanson Brothers, before shortening the name to Hanson in 1993, Hanson also appeared on Carmans Yo. Kidz, The Vidz, which cast Taylor as a young Biblical David facing Goliath, Isaac as an event announcer, all three boys started their musical careers as pianists, but Isaac eventually started playing guitar and Zac started playing drums, while Taylor continued as the keyboard player. The band recorded two independent albums in their hometown of Tulsa, Boomerang and MMMBop, the latter featured the original version of the song MMMBop, which would later become the runaway single on their debut commercial record Middle of Nowhere. The boys then found themselves at the South By Southwest music festival in Austin, there, they were promptly signed by manager Christopher Sabec. After this performance, they were signed almost immediately by Mercury and they soon became a worldwide sensation with the release of their first major-label album, Middle of Nowhere, which was produced by the Dust Brothers. Middle of Nowhere was released in the U. S. on May 6,1997, may 6 was declared Hanson Day in Tulsa by Oklahomas then-governor Frank Keating. Although Hanson Day was originally intended to be a one-time occurrence, Hanson also launched MOE, a fan club magazine that ran for 12 issues. After numerous unauthorized biographies of each of the brothers were published, Hanson turned to their friend, Jarrod Gollihare of Admiral Twin. Hanson, The Official Book reached number 9 on the New York Times Best Sellers List on February 1,1998. The band was nominated for three Grammy Awards in 1998, Record of the Year, Best New Artist, and Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, during the summer of 1998, Hanson began a highly successful concert tour, the Albertane Tour. They performed a string of shows throughout stadiums and arenas in the U. S. targeting young audiences with a playful, a live album, titled Live From Albertane, was released the following fall, as well as their second documentary The Road to Albertane
17.
Aaliyah
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Aaliyah Dana Haughton was an American singer, dancer, actress, and model. She was born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in Detroit, at the age of 10, she appeared on the television show Star Search and performed in concert alongside Gladys Knight. At age 12, Aaliyah signed with Jive Records and her uncle Barry Hankersons Blackground Records, Hankerson introduced her to R. Kelly, who became her mentor, as well as lead songwriter and producer of her debut album, Age Aint Nothing but a Number. The album sold three million copies in the United States and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. After facing allegations of a marriage with R. Kelly, Aaliyah ended her contract with Jive. Aaliyah worked with record producers Timbaland and Missy Elliott for her album, One in a Million. In 2000, Aaliyah appeared in her first film, Romeo Must Die and she contributed to the films soundtrack, which spawned the single Try Again. The song topped the Billboard Hot 100 solely on airplay, making Aaliyah the first artist in Billboard history to achieve this goal, Try Again earned Aaliyah a Grammy Award nomination for Best Female R&B Vocalist. After completing Romeo Must Die, Aaliyah filmed her role in Queen of the Damned and she released her third and final album, Aaliyah, in July 2001. On August 25,2001, Aaliyah and eight others were killed in a crash in the Bahamas after filming the music video for the single Rock the Boat. The pilot, Luis Morales III, was unlicensed at the time of the accident and toxicology tests revealed that he had traces of cocaine, Aaliyahs family later filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Blackhawk International Airways, which was settled out of court. Aaliyahs music has continued to achieve success with several posthumous releases. Aaliyah has sold an estimated 24 to 32 million albums worldwide and she has been credited for helping redefine contemporary R&B, pop and hip hop, earning her the nicknames Princess of R&B and Queen of Urban Pop. She is listed by Billboard as the tenth most successful female R&B artist of the past 25 years, Aaliyah Dana Haughton was born on January 16,1979, in Brooklyn, New York, and was the younger child of Diane and Michael Miguel Haughton. She was African American, and had Native American heritage from a grandmother, at a young age, Aaliyah was enrolled in voice lessons by her mother. She started performing at weddings, church choir and charity events, when she was five years old, her family moved to Detroit, Michigan, where she was raised along with her older brother, Rashad. She attended a Catholic school, Gesu Elementary, where in first grade, from then on, she was determined to become an entertainer. In Detroit, her father working in the warehouse business
18.
Eminem
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Marshall Bruce Mathers III, known professionally as Eminem, is an American rapper, record producer, and actor. Eminem is the best-selling artist of the 2000s in the United States, throughout his career, he has had 10 number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and five number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100. Globally, he has more than 172 million albums, thus being one of the worlds best-selling artists. Rolling Stone ranked him 83rd on its list of 100 Greatest Artists of All Time and they were followed by Encore in 2004, another critical and commercial success. Eminem went on hiatus after touring in 2005, releasing Relapse in 2009, both won Grammy Awards and Recovery was the best-selling album of 2010 worldwide, the second time he had the international best-selling album of the year. Eminems eighth album, 2013s The Marshall Mathers LP2, won two Grammy Awards, including Best Rap Album, it expanded his record for the most wins in that category and his Grammy total to 15. In addition to his career, Eminem is an original member of the Midwest hip hop groups Soul Intent. He is also known for his collaborations with fellow Detroit-based rapper Royce da 59, Eminem has developed other ventures, including Shady Records, with manager Paul Rosenberg, which helped launch the careers of artists such as 50 Cent. Eminem has also established his own channel, Shade 45, on Sirius XM Radio. In November 2002, he starred in the hip hop film 8 Mile, Eminem has made cameo appearances in the films The Wash, Funny People, The Interview and the television series Entourage. Eminem was born on October 17,1972, in St. Joseph, Missouri, Debbie was 14 when she met 18-year-old Bruce, at age 17, she nearly died during her 73-hour labor. Eminems parents were in a band called Daddy Warbucks, playing in Ramada Inns along the Dakotas–Montana border before their separation, Bruce left the family, moving to California and having two other children, Michael and Sarah. Debbie had son Nathan Nate Kane Samara on February 3,1986, during his childhood, Eminem and Debbie shuttled between Michigan and Missouri, rarely staying in one house for more than a year or two and living primarily with family members. In Missouri, they lived in places, including St. Joseph, Savannah. As a teenager Eminem wrote letters to his father, according to Debbie, friends and family remember Eminem as a happy child, but a bit of a loner who was often bullied. One bully, DeAngelo Bailey, severely injured Eminems head, Debbie filed a lawsuit against the school in 1982, Eminem spent much of his youth in a working-class, primarily black, Detroit neighborhood. He and Debbie were one of three white households on their block, and Eminem was beaten by black youths several times, as a child he was interested in storytelling, aspiring to be a comic-book artist before discovering hip hop. Eminem heard his first rap song on the Breakin soundtrack, a gift from Debbies half-brother Ronnie Polkinghorn, when Polkinghorn committed suicide in 1991, Eminem stopped speaking for days and did not attend his funeral
19.
Christina Aguilera
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Christina María Aguilera is an American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality. Born in Staten Island, New York and raised in Rochester and Wexford, Pennsylvania, she appeared on the television series Star Search, after recording Reflection, the theme for Disneys 1998 film Mulan, Aguilera signed with RCA Records. She rose to prominence with her 1999 self-titled debut album spawned the Billboard Hot 100 number one singles, Genie in a Bottle, What a Girl Wants. The following year, Aguilera released two albums, the Spanish-language album Mi Reflejo and the holiday album My Kind of Christmas. She assumed creative control for her studio album, Stripped, which produced Dirrty, Beautiful. Aguileras fifth studio album, Back to Basics, debuted at one on the album charts of ten countries and spawned the tracks Aint No Other Man. In 2010, Aguilera released her studio album Bionic and starred in the film Burlesque. The following year, she debuted as a coach on the reality television series The Voice. Her seventh studio album, Lotus, was released in 2012, Aguilera has also been featured on several successful collaborations during her career, including Lady Marmalade, Moves like Jagger, and Say Something. Aguilera has been recognized as a pop icon and earned the title Pop Princess in her early years and her work has earned her five Grammy Awards, one Latin Grammy Award, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. She has sold over 17.9 million albums in the United States as of 2014 and 50 million albums worldwide as of 2015. In 2009, she ranked at number 58 on Rolling Stones list of 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, thereby becoming the youngest and the only artist under 30 to be named. Billboard recognized her as the 20th most successful artist of the 2000s, aside from her work in the entertainment industry, Aguilera is involved in charitable activities through human rights, world issues, and her work as a UN ambassador for the World Food Programme. Christina María Aguilera was born in Staten Island, New York, on December 18,1980, to Shelly Loraine, a musician, and Fausto Xavier Aguilera and her father is Ecuadorian, while her mother has German, Irish, Welsh, and Dutch ancestry. Her family moved frequently because of her fathers service, and lived in places including New Jersey, Texas, New York. Aguilera and her mother alleged that her father was physically and emotionally abusive, claims which he denied, Aguilera used music as a form of escape from her turbulent household. Following her parents divorce when she was six years old, Aguilera, her younger sister Rachel, after several years of being estranged, Aguilera expressed interest in reconciling with her father in 2012. Growing up, Aguilera, known locally as the girl with the big voice, aspired to be a singer, singing in local talent shows
20.
Britney Spears
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Britney Jean Spears is an American singer, dancer, and actress. Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions, Spearss first and second studio albums. Baby One More Time and Oops. I Did It Again, became international successes, with the former becoming the album by a teenage solo artist. Title tracks. Baby One More Time and Oops, I Did It Again broke international sales records. In 2001, Spears released her third studio album, Britney. She assumed creative control of her studio album, In the Zone. In 2007, Spearss much-publicized personal issues sent her career into hiatus and her fifth studio album, Blackout, was released later that year, and spawned singles such as Gimme More and Piece of Me. Her erratic behavior and hospitalizations continued through the year, at which point she was placed under a still ongoing conservatorship. Spearss sixth studio album, Circus, included the international chart-topping single Womanizer and her seventh studio album, Femme Fatale, became her first to yield three top-ten singles in the United States. She released her studio album Britney Jean in 2013. Later that year, Spears began the four-year residency show, Britney, Piece of Me, in 2016, Spears released her ninth studio album, Glory. In 2017, she announced that her show would develop into a world tour, Britney. Spears is regarded as a pop icon and credited with influencing the revival of teen pop during the late 1990s and she became the best-selling teenage artist of all time and garnered honorific titles including the Princess of Pop. In 2009, Billboard ranked her as the 8th overall Artist of the Decade, the Recording Industry Association of America lists Spears as the eighth top-selling female artist in the United States, with 34 million certified albums. She has sold 100 million albums and over 100 million singles worldwide making her one of the music artists of all time. According to Billboard Spears has sold about 22.38 million singles in digital downloads in US and is the fourth best-selling female artist since Nielsen SoundScan began. Forbes reported that Spears was the highest paid musician of 2012, with earnings of $58 million. Spears was born in McComb, Mississippi, the child of Lynne Irene Bridges and James Parnell Spears
21.
Korn
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Korn is an American nu metal band from Bakersfield, California, formed in 1993. Korn was originally formed by three of the members of the band L. A. P. D, Korn released their first demo album, Neidermayers Mind, in 1993. The band later went on to release their debut album in 1994. The band experienced success with Follow the Leader and Issues. The bands mainstream success continued with Untouchables, Take a Look in the Mirror, a compilation album, Greatest Hits Vol.1, was released in 2004, spanning a decade of singles and concluding the bands recording contract with Immortal Records and Epic Records. They signed to Virgin Records, releasing See You on the Other Side in 2005, and an untitled album in 2007. Korns other recent albums, Korn III, Remember Who You Are and The Path of Totality, were released via Roadrunner Records, The Paradigm Shift being released via Prospect Park and their latest album, The Serenity of Suffering, was released on October 21,2016. As of 2012, Korn had sold around 35 million copies worldwide, twelve of the bands official releases have peaked in the top ten of the Billboard 200, eight of which have peaked in the top five. Korn has released seven albums and thirty-nine music videos. The band has released singles, twenty-eight of which have charted. Korn has earned two Grammy Awards out of seven nominations and two MTV Video Music Awards out of eleven nominations, before Korn was formed, three of the original members of the band were associated with the band L. A. P. D. – James Shaffer, Reginald Arvizu, and David Silveria, originally consisting of Richard Morrill, James Shaffer, and Reginald Arvizu, David Silveria joined when he was 16. When the band moved from Bakersfield, California to Los Angeles, Silveria dropped out of high school, when Shaffer reunited with the band, they found a manager and released an EP entitled Love and Peace Dude in 1989 through Triple X Records. Released their first full-length studio album on May 3,1991 which consisted of eleven tracks, the album was entitled Whos Laughing Now. The logo was designed by vocalist Jonathan Davis, Silveria explained, the music makes the name, because Korns a dumb name. But once we get established, it makes the name cool, Korn rented a studio from Jeff Creath, called Underground Chicken Sound, in Huntington Beach, California. While they were recording at Underground Chicken Sound, a crowd had been loitering outside the studio, the band began playing a prelude to a later song, Clown, resulting in a larger crowd gathering. Arvizu said the crowd gathered because it sounded so different, Korn started performing at gigs in the summer of 1993, with members saying that touring was a pain-in-the-ass
22.
'N Sync
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NSYNC was an American boy band formed in Orlando, Florida in 1995 and launched in Germany by BMG Ariola Munich. NSYNC consisted of Justin Timberlake, JC Chasez, Chris Kirkpatrick, Joey Fatone, and Lance Bass.42 million copies in one week, blige, country music supergroup Alabama, and Gloria Estefan. Although NSYNC announced the start of a hiatus in early 2002. In 2007, Lance Bass confirmed that the group had broken up. They have sold over 70 million albums during their career, becoming the eighth-best-selling boy band in history, rolling Stone recognized their instant success as one of the Top 25 Teen Idol Breakout Moments of all time. Chris Kirkpatrick, who had missed the cut for the Backstreet Boys, Pearlman said that he would finance the group if Kirkpatrick would find other young male singers. This prompted Kirkpatrick to call Joey Fatone, a friend he had met while working at Universal Studios, then, Fatone and Kirkpatrick approached Lou Pearlman for more suggestions. Pearlman looked through some tapes they had, and one of Justin Timberlake from The Mickey Mouse Club caught his eye, Timberlake soon joined the group and recommended his friend JC Chasez, who also was a cast member on Disney Channels Mickey Mouse Club. Soon, they decided to out their sound by recruiting Jason Galasso as their bass singer. NSYNC received its name after Justin Timberlakes mother commented on how in sync the groups singing voices were, the groups name is also a play on the last letter of each of the original members names, JustiN, ChriS, JoeY, JasoN, and JC. After several weeks of rehearsals, the set up a showcase. However, at the last minute, Galasso dropped out and he was not fond of the groups musical direction, claiming that being a teen idol was never a goal of his. In need of a bass, the group auditioned several people without success, Timberlake soon called his vocal coach, who suggested a 16-year-old from Mississippi named Lance Bass. Bass flew to Orlando to audition and was accepted into the group. He was nicknamed Lansten so they could keep the name NSYNC, Pearlman hired Johnny Wright, manager of the Backstreet Boys, to manage the group. NSYNC sent him a two-song demo-tape including Ill Be Back for More and We Can Work It Out, the group performed for him and a group of BMG executives. Although the record company had concerns with the bands name and Basss dancing abilities. After being signed to BMG Ariola Munich, the group was sent to Sweden to begin working on their album with the help of producers such as Denniz Pop, Max Martin
23.
Backstreet Boys
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The Backstreet Boys are an American vocal group, formed in Orlando, Florida in 1993. The group consists of AJ McLean, Howie D, Nick Carter, Kevin Richardson, and Brian Littrell. The group rose to fame with their international album, Backstreet Boys. In the following year released their second international album Backstreets Back. They rose to superstardom with their studio album Millennium and its follow-up album. After a two-year hiatus, they regrouped and released a comeback album Never Gone, after the conclusion of the Never Gone Tour in 2006, Richardson left the group to pursue other interests. The group then released two albums as a quartet, Unbreakable and This Is Us, in 2012, the group announced that Richardson had rejoined them permanently. In the following year they celebrated their 20th anniversary and released their first independent album, the group also released their first documentary movie, titled Backstreet Boys, Show Em What Youre Made Of in January 2015. The Backstreet Boys have sold over 130 million records worldwide, making them the boy band in history. They are the first group since Sade to have their first nine albums reach the top 10 on the Billboard 200, and they also received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on April 22,2013. Howie Dorough and AJ McLean were natives of Orlando, Florida, the three, realizing that they could harmonize together, decided to form a trio. Cousins Kevin Richardson and Brian Littrell, both from Lexington, Kentucky, sang in church choirs and festivals when they were children. Richardson moved to Orlando in 1990, where he worked at Walt Disney World, eventually, he met Dorough, Carter, and McLean through a co-worker, and the four decided to form a group. In the course of all this, Lou Pearlman in 1992 placed an ad in the Orlando Sentinel to compose a vocal group, McLean, who was the first to audition for Pearlman in his living room, became the groups first member. In January 1993, Pearlman held a casting call and hundreds of young performers auditioned at his blimp hangar in Kissimmee. Eventually, Carter, Dorough, and Richardson were selected after meeting Pearlmans expectations, Littrell flew from Kentucky to Orlando to formally join the group on April 20,1993, a day after receiving a phone call from Richardson about it. Thus, April 20 became their anniversary date, Pearlman decided to call them Backstreet Boys, after Orlandos Backstreet Market, an outdoor flea market near International Drive which was also a teen hangout. The Backstreet Boys had their very first performance at SeaWorld Orlando on May 8,1993, the group then continued to perform in various venues during summer 1993, from shopping malls, restaurants, to a high-profile charity gala in Fort Lauderdale, Florida
24.
CMT Most Wanted Live
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CMT Most Wanted Live, or MWL, is a country music video countdown show airing on CMT from 2001 to 2004. Most Wanted Live was a country music spin-off of sister network MTVs Total Request Live, which features mostly pop, rap, the original format of MWL was nearly identical to TRL, but it was altered several times and encountered two host changes throughout its three-year run. Much like TRL, viewers cast their votes online at CMTs website or via a telephone number. A total of ten videos were counted daily, but not all ten would be aired in their entirety due to time constraints. MWL debuted May 28,2001, broadcasting live with a studio audience from the lobby of the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in downtown Nashville. The show initially aired in afternoons Tuesday through Friday, co-hosting the show were Lance Smith and Amber Mogg, both in their early twenties at the time. During this era, the show was targeted at the demographic, featuring many baby blue and pink colors on-screen. Insets of studio audience members commenting on the current video as well as messages from across the country were included into the show. Often, country music stars would appear for live, acoustic performances, Smith and Mogg would together present the videos and interact with the audience, and Mogg alone would periodically deliver country music news and artist updates. On January 5,2002, after a hiatus, the shows broadcast location was moved across town to the Gibson Bluegrass Showcase at Opry Mills mall. Though the format remained mostly the same, the show was retooled, the periodic table scheme remained, but the show was given a darker, more rustic color scheme. The number of videos shown was reduced from ten to eight, the audience insets were also eliminated, but the internet messages remained. It was at time, also, that MWL experienced its first host change. Amber Mogg left CMT and Lance Smith was moved to the networks Top Twenty Countdown show, Katie Cook and Greg Martin replaced Smith and Mogg. As part of the move to Opry Mills, the added a Saturday airing, to act as a lead-in to Opry Backstage. Another host change occurred with less fanfare in October 2002, when Greg Martin was released and he was quickly replaced by Cledus T. Judd, a face with which many country music fans were already familiar. Most Wanted Live was reduced to a once-weekly Saturday airing in 2003 and again moved its broadcast location, the periodic table scheme was lost in the move, as was the basic format of the show. The move to Saturday would often result in the show being taped in advance, CMTs final airing of MWL was April 3,2004
25.
Country Music Television
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Its name is an initialism for Country Music Television, which has since been de-emphasized. It was the first nationally available cable channel devoted to country music, programming on the channel originally focused on country music, including music videos, taped concerts and biographies of country music stars. CMTs current programming now consists of original reality programs and scripted series, off-network syndicated shows. As of February 2015, approximately 86,989,000 American households receive CMT, CMTV, an initialism of Country Music Television, was founded by Glenn D. Daniels, the owner of Video World Productions in Hendersonville, Tennessee. Daniels put together the group of Telestar Corporation and the Blinder Robinson & Company investment bank in a three-way split. Daniels also served as the director and the first president of the network. The network launched on March 5,1983, at 6,19 p. m. CT, beating its chief competitor, TNN, the first video clip to air on CMT was Faron Youngs 1971 hit Its Four in the Morning. The following summer, MTV filed an infringement lawsuit over the initials CMTV. In 1991, Opryland USA and its owner Gaylord Entertainment Company acquired CMT in a $34 million deal, the network was sold by a group led by radio station owner Robert Sillerman and record producer James Guercio. Opryland USA and owner Gaylord also owned CMTs competitor The Nashville Network, in October 1992, CMT launched its first international channel, CMT Europe, as part of the Sky Multichannels package. By 1998, Gaylord reported $10 million in losses from CMT Europe, Gaylord had planned to emulate the successful model created by E. by selling large programming blocks to other European channels, but these plans never occurred. All shows eventually were cancelled by 2001, in 1995, CMT dropped all videos by Canadian artists without U. S. record contracts in response to the network being replaced in Canada by Calgary, Alberta-based New Country Network. By March 1996, CMT had eventually returned the dropped videos to its playlist after reaching an agreement to acquire a 20% ownership of New Country Network, in 1997, both CMT and TNN were sold to Westinghouse, then-owner of CBS for a reported $1.5 billion. In 1999, Viacom acquired CBS, assuming ownership of CMT and TNN, Viacom also changed the format of CMT, modeling it after sister networks MTV and VH1 to include series and movies, in addition to music videos. Despite the decrease in music videos, CMT has experienced significant ratings gains since its acquisition by MTV Networks in 1999, by 2007, the channel was available in more than 83 million homes. As of 2009, the network now reaches 88 million homes, on April 4,2012, CMT announced its first cartoon series, Bounty Hunters, featuring the voices of Jeff Foxworthy, Larry the Cable Guy and Bill Engvall who also serve as executive producers. CMT also announced that it would air Trinity 911, a 10-episode workplace docu-comedy that follows the police force in a small Texas town, Trinity 911 was later renamed Big Texas Heat and removed from the schedule after airing four episodes. CMTs current programming consists of entertainment programming, movies and reality shows
26.
Dirrty
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Dirrty is a song recorded by American recording artists Christina Aguilera and Redman for the formers fourth studio album Stripped. Despite Aguileras first three years of success, she was displeased with the lack of control over her image. In response, she desired to create a song that would represent her authentic persona and she approached hip hop producer Rockwilder and suggested using Redmans 2001 song Lets Get Dirty as a guide. The final result, Dirrty, is an R&B and hip hop song that also features rapping verses from Redman, the song is about sexual activities. RCA Records sent Dirrty to American radio stations in September 2002 as the single from Stripped. RCA and Sony Music Entertainment later released the song as a CD single, the single was Aguileras first to fail to enter the top twenty of the US Billboard Hot 100, where it peaked at number forty eight. Outside the United States, Dirrty saw significant success in the British Isles, elsewhere, the song peaked within the top ten of the charts in countries including Australia, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. The music video for Dirrty, directed by David LaChapelle, was intended to publicize Aguileras new image and it depicts sexual fetishes such as mud wrestling and muscle worshipping. The controversial video eliminated her image as a pop singer. It received criticism from various publications and other recording artists. Aguilera defended the video, calling it inspirational as it put her to the forefront, Dirrty was included on the setlists of Aguileras three major concert tours, the Justified and Stripped Tour, the Stripped Tour, and the Back to Basics Tour. American singer Christina Aguilera rose to prominence with the success of her 1999 self-titled debut album and it topped the US Billboard 200 and was certified eight times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. It produced three Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles, Genie in a Bottle, What a Girl Wants, despite the success, Aguilera was displeased with being marketed as her then-manager Steve Kurtz desired, and felt unable to control her image. I really wanted to squirm away from that, because I really thought it was fake and superficial. Dirrty was among the last tracks to be recorded for Aguileras 2002 album Stripped and it was recorded at the Enterprise Studios in Burbank and Conway Studios in Hollywood, Los Angeles by Oscar Ramirez, Wassim Zreik, and Dylan 3-D Dresdow. Aguilera desired to create a down and dirty song that would announce her new image and she approached hip hop producer Rockwilder, who had worked with her on Lady Marmalade, and suggested recording a song in the vein of Redmans 2001 hip hop song Lets Get Dirty. Dirrty ultimately became a near-remake of its predecessor, as Entertainment Weekly said, rapper Redman, who previously appeared on Eminems 2001 song Off the Wall, in which Eminem disses Aguilera, is featured on the song. Aguilera intended to use a title to personalize the song
27.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
28.
Last Call with Carson Daly
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Last Call with Carson Daly is an American late night television program hosted by Carson Daly and broadcast on NBC. Unlike other programs in NBCs late night line-up, Last Call typically records only 24 weeks of shows a year with the rest of the year being taken up by reruns. Last Call premiered in 2002 as the successor to Later, Last Call initially aired Monday through Thursday until the cancellation of Late Friday in the summer of 2002. Its premiere was delayed one day at the last minute due to a contract dispute, Last Call was originally taped in Studio 8H of the GE Building in New York City, which was also the home studio of Saturday Night Live. However, this required the producers to work around the schedule of Saturday Night Live, during this phase, Last Call had no house band and no jokes or monologue, going straight to the first guest at the beginning of the show. The stage was set up in an empty black box theater style, each week, a different unsigned band was brought in to do the music, in addition to any musical act at the end. Gradually, the set acquired more furnishings and decor, much of which was influenced by the occasional trips to Las Vegas. In 2003 and 2004, Last Call was nominated for a Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Show – Late Night. After the move, Last Call began to resemble its counterparts, with a traditional set, permanent house band led by Joe Firstman, short monologue. In November 2005 Joe Firstman became the house band leader for Last Call. Notable members of his band include Kamasi Washington, Thundercat, Kenny Aronoff, Mike Miley, Brian Wright, Zane Musa, Zane Carney, Mark Bryan, Marc Ford, Firstman wrote the majority of the material the band performed. On air, Daly explained that the reason the show resumed production was that he was given the option to either return or have the shows 75 non-striking staff members fired. The shows were not scripted and did not include monologues, the Writers Guild of America was critical of Daly, accusing him of crossing picket lines and labeling him a scab. Daly is not a member of the WGA. On November 27,2007, he was accused by the WGA of soliciting jokes for his show through a telephone hotline, on December 11,2007, an organized group of WGA writers attended a taping of Last Call. First, one heckled during an interview with Jerry Rice, after security removed the first writer, another spoke up disruptively, expressing sympathy with striking writers. A producer asked anyone planning to disrupt the show to leave or face prosecution, as the end of Late Night with Conan OBrien was approaching, Daly made it public that he was interested in moving to the Late Night time slot. Jimmy Fallon was chosen to replace OBrien, a choice that executive producer Lorne Michaels had in mind dating back to the day that Fallon left Saturday Night Live in 2004. In February 2009, network executive Rick Ludwin told TV Week that the company was going through the budgetary process with all of our shows
29.
Hilarie Burton
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Hilarie Ross Burton is an American actress and producer. A former host of MTVs Total Request Live, she portrayed Peyton Sawyer on the WB/CW drama One Tree Hill for six seasons, Burton gained wider recognition with leading roles in the films Our Very Own, Solstice and The List. She starred as Sara Ellis on the USA crime drama White Collar, in 2014, she appeared in the short-lived ABC drama series Forever as Molly Dawes, and a recurring role in the short-lived CBS sci-fi drama series Extant as Anna Schaefer in 2015. In 2016, Burton was cast in a role as DEA Agent Karen Palmer on the Fox action dramedy series Lethal Weapon. Burton was born in Sterling, Virginia and her father is a former Green Beret and her mother is a real estate agent. She is the eldest of four children with three brothers, Burton attended New York University and Fordham University. Burtons first big break came when working as a VJ for the Total Request Live on MTV and she was supposed to be a guest commentator for one segment, but producers decided to offer her a permanent job. Burton went on to present at the 2000 MTV Video Music Awards, Burton went on to portray herself on The WB drama Dawsons Creek in 2002, which was marked as her television debut. In April 2003, Burton was cast in The WB drama One Tree Hill, Burton portrayed the role of Peyton Sawyer, a fiercely independent visual and musical artist and cheerleader. The series premiered on September 23,2003 and went on to be the top rated program of the year. The role was considered Burtons breakout role and is her best-known to date, for her role in the series, Burton was featured on the cover of Maxim, American Cheerleader Magazine and People. Her performance received praise and she earned three Teen Choice Award nominations. In May 2009, The CW announced Burton would not be returning for the seventh season based on her own decision not to return. Burton and her co-stars received the Outstanding Ensemble Acting award at the prestigious Sarasota Film Festival, in September 2007, Burton appeared in the Lifetime drama Normal Adolescent Behavior which followed a group of friends who are in a six-way polyfidelitous relationship. That same year Burton co-starred in the horror film Solstice opposite Amanda Seyfried. In June 2008, Burton appeared in the thriller The List as Jo Johnston and was filmed in Wilmington, the film had a limited release and went on to make $132,863 in the US alone. That same year, Burton appeared in the Fox Searchlight Pictures drama The Secret Life of Bees as Deborah Owens, in January 2009, Burton was cast in the drama Bloodworth opposite Hilary Duff and Val Kilmer. The film is an adaptation of the novel Provinces of Night by William Gay, filming also took place in Wilmington, North Carolina in April and May that same year
30.
Vanessa Minnillo
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Vanessa Joy Lachey is an American television personality, television host, fashion model, and actress. She was also named Miss Teen USA in 1998 and she has been a New York-based correspondent for Entertainment Tonight and hosted Total Request Live on MTV. Vanessa Joy Minnillo was born at USAF Clark Regional Medical Center in Angeles City, Pampanga and her father, Vincent Charles Minnillo, is an American citizen from Cleveland, Ohio of Italian and Irish descent, while her mother, Helen Ramos Bercero, is from Manila, Philippines. Minnillo has a brother who is two years older. Her father moved the family frequently because of his service in the Air Force and she lived in Washington, California, Nevada, Florida, Germany and Japan and attended eight different schools in nine years. Minnillos parents separated in 1983 and were divorced in 1986 and she and her brother Vincent Jr. relocated to Turkey with their mother and new stepfather. From then on, she lived with her father and stepmother and she also attended Our Lady of the Assumption Catholic School, in San Bernardino, California, for one year. She was a host on MTVs Total Request Live from 2003 until 2007, Minnillo hosted Miss Teen USA and co-hosted Miss Universe. After leaving MTV and Entertainment Tonight, Minnillo was featured in print and she has been spokeswoman for Flirt. Cosmetics, a line she helped create which debuted in August 2007, in May 2006, Maxim magazine ranked Minnillo #15 in its annual Hot 100 issue. She has been featured on the covers of Maxim, Shape, Lachey was a finalist in E. s competition to replace Brooke Burke as host of Wild On. She also hosted True Beauty, a competition in which 10 contestants vie for $100,000, the series premiered on ABC on January 5,2009, with a first season that ran through February 23,2009. ABC renewed the series for a season which ran from May 31,2010 through July 19,2010. Lachey became a co-host of ABCs Wipeout beginning in winter 2011 and her first appearance was on December 8,2011. Due to her pregnancy, Lachey left the show in late 2012 and was replaced by Jill Wagner, Lachey has appeared in television series including Thats Life, City Girls,30 Rock, The Bold and the Beautiful, Psych, Hawaii 5-0 and Maybe Its Me. In 2008, she played Ashlee in the How I Met Your Mother episode No Tomorrow and she starred in the 2008 comedy Disaster Movie, a spoof of big-budget Hollywood disaster movies. Released on August 29,2008, the film had box office success. The film received negative reviews, earning six Razzie Award nominations
31.
La La Vasquez
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Alani Nicole La La Anthony is an American radio and television personality, New York Times best-selling author, business woman, producer and actress. In the early 2000s, La La came to prominence as an MTV VJ on Total Request Live, La La can be seen in the Starz original drama series, Power, executive produced by 50 Cent and starring Omari Hardwick and Naturi Naughton. In 2014 La La reprised her role as Sonia in the film Think Like a Man Too and in 2015 appeared in November Rule and Destined. In 2004 La La became engaged to NBA player Carmelo Anthony, the ceremony was filmed by VH1 and aired as part of a reality series on the couple, titled La Las Full Court Wedding. La La and Carmelo Anthonys son, Kiyan Carmelo Anthony, was born on March 7,2007, Anthony was born in Brooklyn, New York. Her parents are both Nuyorican, people of Puerto Rican heritage born and raised in New York City, Anthony has a younger brother and two younger sisters. As a young child, she was involved in many activities and she went to Howard University, where she studied communications. At the age of 15, Anthony began her entertainment career in radio at Hot 97 station, after a short internship at that station, and while still in high school, she was given her own show, the wildly popular Future Flavas, alongside rapper/actor Ludacris. At 19 La La got an offer from Los Angeless 92.3 The Beat to co-host her own radio show, after a successful run on the radio La La left the station in 2001 and joined the MTV family. Although she had no previous experience, La La became one of the network’s premiere talents. During her time at MTV La La interviewed many high-profile stars including Brad Pitt, Tom Cruise, Will Smith and Angelina Jolie, in 2003 La La left the network to launch her own production company Krossover Productions and was a producer on Mike Tyson’s critically acclaimed documentary, Tyson. La La and Krossover Productions also produced a film with director/producer Brett Ratner. La La made her debut in 2001 in romantic comedy Two Can Play That Game. She starred in the 2012 film, Think Like a Man, alongside Gabrielle Union and Taraji P. Henson, La La had guest starring roles in the CBS crime drama, NYC22 and the popular VH1 scripted show, Single Ladies. Other film credits include Urban Massacre, Monster Island, and You Got Served, in October 2011 La La made her stage debut in the off-Broadway production of Love Loss and What I Wore. On February 2,2012, she launched MOTIVES by La La, at the Market America World Conference held at the American Airlines Arena in Miami, Florida. In 2013, La La created a line, 5th & Mercer. On January 28,2014, La La released her book titled The Love Playbook in which she shares how she found love
32.
Susie Castillo
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Susie Castillo is an American actress, TV Host, model and beauty pageant titleholder who held the Miss USA title and competed in the Miss Teen USA and Miss Universe pageants. She pursued a career in the media, and as such, has made television appearances. Castillo was born in Methuen, Massachusetts, to a Dominican father, after her father abandoned the family, her mother moved to Lawrence, Massachusetts, worked multiple jobs in order to cover living and educational expenses for her family. She was greatly influenced by her Puerto Rican heritage, though she has stated she considers herself both Puerto Rican and Dominican, by 1996, at the age of 16, Castillo had already become a professional teen model appearing in many teen magazines and commercial advertisements. Upon graduating from Methuen High School, she enrolled at Endicott College and she was awarded the Capstone Award, an honor which was bestowed upon her in recognition of her senior thesis. She is a member of Kappa Delta sorority, Castillo won her first pageant title in November 1997, when she beat over forty other contestants to become Miss Massachusetts Teen USA1998. Castillos sister titleholder, Miss Massachusetts USA1998 Shawnae Jebbia went on to win the Miss USA title in February the following year, Castillo represented her state in the Miss Teen USA pageant held in Shreveport, Louisiana on August 17,1998. Although the pageant was usually broadcast live, that years telecast was delayed due to a speech by then-President Bill Clinton regarding his relationship with Monica Lewinsky and she also won the Clairol Herbal Essence Award that year. The pageant was won by Vanessa Minnillo of South Carolina, in November 2002, Castillo participated in the Miss Massachusetts USA Pageant held at Bridgewater State College in the town of Bridgewater, and won the title. Castillo was the states first Latina titleholder and she went on to compete in the Miss USA2003 pageant held in San Antonio on March 24,2003. Castillo won the Miss USA title in the televised event, becoming Massachusetts second titleholder. She was the first woman with Dominican-Puerto Rican ancestry to win the title, as Miss USA, Castillo represented the Miss Universe Organization, making appearances for charities throughout the United States. Her sister 2003 titleholders were Amelia Vega and Tami Farrell, Castillo traveled to Panama City, Panama, to compete in the Miss Universe 2003 pageant in May. Her national costume was Wonder Woman, Castillo placed among the 15 semifinalists. She placed 13th overall, like her placement at Miss Teen USA, Castillo has made guest appearances on the following shows, On-Air with Ryan Seacrest, My Wife and Kids, where she was cast as Sharon, Half & Half cast as Shaunie. In August 2005, Castillo co-hosted the Miss Teen USA2005 pageant alongside Passions actor Galen Gering, the event was won by Allie LaForce of Ohio. Castillo was formerly a regular Music Television VJ and host of TRL and she is now pursuing acting full-time. She also played the role of Mercedes Hernandez in the TBS show Tyler Perrys House of Payne in a number of episodes in season 5
33.
The Real World
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Real World is a reality television series on MTV originally produced by Mary-Ellis Bunim and Jonathan Murray. Seven to eight young adults are picked to temporarily live in a new city together in one residence while being filmed non-stop, following Bunims death from breast cancer in 2004, Bunim/Murray Productions continues to produce the program. The current 32nd season, set in Seattle, Washington, premiered on October 12,2016, the Real World was inspired by the 1973 PBS documentary series An American Family. It focuses on the lives of a group of strangers who audition to live together in a house for several months, the show moves to a different city each season. The narration given over the title sequence used during the first 28 seasons by the seven housemates states some variation of the following. Picked to live in a house, and have their lives taped. to find out what happens. When people stop being polite. and start getting real. The Real World, the Real World was originally inspired by the popularity of youth-oriented shows of the 1990s like Beverly Hills,90210 and Melrose Place. Bunim and Murray initially considered developing a series in a similar vein, but quickly decided that the cost of paying writers, actors, costume designers. Bunim and Murray decided against this idea, and at the last minute, Dutch TV producer Erik Latour claims that the ideas for The Real World were directly derived from his television show Nummer 28, which aired in 1991 on Dutch television. The production converted a massive, 4000-square-foot duplex in Soho, cast seven cast members from 500 applicants, the cast lived in the loft from February 16 to May 18,1992. The series premiered three days later, on May 21,1992, at the time of its initial airing, reviews of the show were mostly negative. Shales also remarked upon the cast members’ creative career choices, saying, nonetheless, the series was a hit with viewers. As the show increased in popularity, Zamora’s life as living with AIDS gained considerable notice. Zamora was one of the first openly gay men with AIDS to be portrayed in popular media, by July 1995, the series surpassed Beavis and Butt-head as the networks top-rated show during the fourth season, The Real World, London. Appearing on the program has served as a springboard to further success. Eric Nies of the New York cast went on to become a model, actor and his housemate, Kevin Powell, became a successful author, poet, journalist, and politician. Their housemate Heather B. Gardner went on to become a music artist under the professional name Heather B. Winick also published Pedro and Me, a novel about his friendship with fellow castmate Pedro Zamora
34.
120 Minutes
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120 Minutes is a television show in the United States dedicated to the alternative music genre, originally airing on MTV from 1986 to 2000, and then on MTVs sister channel MTV2 from 2001 to 2003. After its cancellation, MTV2 premiered a replacement show called Subterranean, a similar but separate MTV Classic program, also titled 120 Minutes, plays many classic alternative videos that were regularly seen on 120 Minutes in its heyday. 120 Minutes returned as a series on MTV2 on July 30,2011. 120 Minutes began on March 10,1986, rage Against The Machine, Hüsker Dü, The Offspring, The Original Sins and Bad Religion. Nirvanas music video for Smells Like Teen Spirit received a premiere on 120 Minutes. For a time in the mid-1990s, a program called Alternative Nation aired every weeknight on MTV. As time went on, and MTV found shows like The Real World immensely profitable, in 2001, the show returned to the airwaves on MTV2, where it returned to the style of music it was known for. On May 4,2003, the show was canceled with no announcement from MTV2. Jim Shearer, the current host at the time, shared the screen with the creator of 120 Minutes, Dave Kendall, as well as Matt Pinfield. The two classic era hosts shared their favorite videos from over the years, finally ending with the selection of Siouxsie,120 Minutes made its return to MTV2 on July 31,2011, at 1 am ET. Matt Pinfield reprised his role as the host and the show is formally called 120 Minutes with Matt Pinfield, the show initially aired on a monthly basis, but returned to a weekly format in late November 2011. It aired Fridays 6AM-8AM on MTV2,120 Minutes also aired as a two-minute clip in a series called 120 Seconds which can be seen on MTVhive. com. 120 Minutes was taken off the MTV2 schedule without announcement, the last airing was February 1,2013. A two-hour indie block called Artists to Watch took its slot during the same Friday 7AM-9AM ET block, however, that show has stopped airing as of May 2013. The following MTV VJs hosted 120 Minutes on a regular basis, Artists included Red Hot Chili Peppers, Echo & the Bunnymen, Julian Cope, R. E. M. Sinéad OConnor, Ministry, Depeche Mode, Sonic Youth and Violent Femmes, the title referenced the Sex Pistols landmark album Never Mind the Bollocks, but fortuitously recalled the title of Nirvanas Nevermind album which was released near-simultaneously. Red Hot Chili Peppers - Higher Ground 2, soul Asylum – Sometime To Return 3. The Stone Roses – Fools Gold 4, the Mission UK – Wasteland 5
35.
Hip hop
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Hip hop is a subculture and art movement developed by African-Americans and Latinos from the inner-city South Bronx neighbourhood in New York City in the late 1970s. Jamaican immigrant DJ Kool Herc also played a key role in developing hip hop music, at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue, Herc mixed samples of existing records and DJed percussion breaks, mixing this music with his own Jamaican-style toasting to rev up the crowd and dancers. These youths mixed these influences with existing musical styles associated with African Americans prior to the 1970s, Hip hop music became popular outside of the African-American community in the late 1980s, with the mainstream commercial success of gangsta rap. Critic Greg Tate described the hip hop movement as the only avant-garde still around, Hip hop culture has spread to both urban and suburban communities throughout the United States and subsequently the world. These elements were adapted and developed considerably, particularly as the art spread to new continents and merged with local styles in the 1990s. Sampling older culture and re-using it in a new context or a new format is called flipping in hip hop culture. Hip hop music follows in the footsteps of earlier African-American-rooted musical genres such as blues, jazz, rag-time, funk, cowboy later worked the hip hop cadence into his stage performance. The group frequently performed with artists who would refer to this new type of music by calling them hip hoppers. The name was meant as a sign of disrespect, but soon came to identify this new music. The song Rappers Delight, by The Sugarhill Gang, released in 1979, begins with the phrase I said a hip, hop the hippie the hippie to the hip hip hop, and you dont stop. Lovebug Starski, a Bronx DJ who put out a single called The Positive Life in 1981, and DJ Hollywood then began using the term when referring to this new disco rap music. Bill Alder, an independent consultant, once said, There was hardly ever a moment when rap music was underground, one of the very first so-called rap records, was a monster hit. Hip hop pioneer and South Bronx community leader Afrika Bambaataa also credits Lovebug Starski as the first to use the hip hop. Bambaataa, former leader of the Black Spades gang, also did much to popularize the term. In the 1970s, an urban movement known as Hip Hop began to develop in the South Bronx in New York City. It focused on emceeing over breakbeats, house parties and neighbourhood block party events, Hip hop music has been a powerful medium for protesting the impact of legal institutions on minorities, particularly police and prisons. Jamaican-born DJ Clive Kool Herc Cindy Campbell pioneered the use of DJing percussion breaks in hip hop music, beginning at Hercs home in a high-rise apartment at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue, the movement later spread across the entire borough. Herc created the blueprint for hip hop music and culture by building upon the Jamaican tradition of impromptu toasting, on August 11,1973 DJ Kool Herc was the DJ at his sisters back-to-school party
United States
