Tropospheric scatter, also known as troposcatter, is a method of communicating with microwave radio signals over considerable distances – often up to 500 kilometres and further depending on frequency
A tropospheric scatter system can bridge large distances (white) while a microwave relay system (lines below) requires multiple relay stations due to its line of sight limitation.
Boswell Bay, Alaska White Alice Site, Tropospheric scatter antenna and feeder.
Pole Vault used circular parabolic antennas; later systems generally used squared-off versions sometimes known as "billboards".
The White Alice Communications System was a United States Air Force telecommunication network with 80 radio stations constructed in Alaska during the Cold War. It used tropospheric scatter for over-th
Tropospheric scatter
…spite of their higher unit costs, the new network cost half as much to build as a relay system. Pole Vault was quickly followed by similar systems like White Alice, relays on the Mid-Canada Line and the DEW Line, and during the 1960s, across the Atlantic Ocean and Europe as part of NATO's ACE High system. The…
Barter Island, Alaska White Alice tropospheric antennas
Overview of Boswell Bay, Alaska WACS showing how remote the sites were. Some locations required tram systems to ascend the mountain on which they were located.
Boswell Bay, Alaska White Alice Site, 30 ft (9 m) antenna for Middleton Island hop foreground, 60 ft (18 m) antenna background