Tubular bridge
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A tubular bridge is a bridge built as a rigid box girder section within which the traffic is carried. Famous examples include the original Britannia Bridge over the Menai Strait, the Conwy railway bridge over the River Conwy, designed and tested by William Fairbairn and built by Robert Stephenson between 1846 and 1850, and the original Victoria Bridge in Montreal.
Conwy Railway Bridge
Conwy Bridge.Construction of second tube, September, 1848
Section of the original wrought-iron tubular Britannia Bridge standing in front of the modern bridge
Original Britannia Bridge
Box girder
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A box girder or tubular girder is a girder that forms an enclosed tube with multiple walls, as opposed to an I- or H-beam. Originally constructed of wrought iron joined by riveting, they are now made of rolled or welded steel, aluminium extrusions or prestressed concrete.
The old Britannia Bridge with train track inside the box-girder tunnel.
Section of the original tubular Britannia Bridge
The patent curved and tapered box girder jib of a Fairbairn steam crane
Bridge built using multiple box girders