1.
National Road
–
The National Road was the first major improved highway in the United States built by the federal government. Built between 1811 and 1837, the 620-mile road connected the Potomac and Ohio Rivers and was a main path to the West for thousands of settlers. When rebuilt in the 1830s, it became the second U. S. road surfaced with the macadam process pioneered by Scotsman John Loudon McAdam, construction began heading west in 1811 at Cumberland, Maryland, on the Potomac River. The road has also referred to as the Cumberland Turnpike, the Cumberland–Brownsville Turnpike, the Cumberland Pike, the National Pike. Today, much of the alignment is followed by U. S. Route 40, with various portions bearing the Alternate U. S. Route 40 designation, or various state-road numbers. In 2002, the road, including extensions east to Baltimore and west to St. Louis, was designated the Historic National Road. Construction of the Cumberland Road was authorized on March 29,1806, from there, where the Braddock Road turned north towards Pittsburgh, the new National Road/Cumberland Road continued west to Wheeling, West Virginia, also on the Ohio River. The contract for the construction of the first section was awarded to Henry McKinley on May 8,1811, for more than 100 years, a simple granite stone was the only marker of the roads beginning in Cumberland, Maryland. In June 2012, a monument and plaza were built in that towns Riverside Park, completed in 1824, these feeder routes formed what is referred to as an eastern extension of the federal National Road. On May 15,1820, Congress authorized an extension of the road to St. Louis, on the Mississippi River, in 1849, a bridge was completed to carry the National Road across the Ohio River at Wheeling. The Wheeling Suspension Bridge, designed by Charles Ellet Jr. was at the time the worlds longest bridge span at 1,010 feet from tower to tower, maintenance costs on the Cumberland Road were becoming more than Congress was willing to bear. In agreements with Maryland, Virginia, and Pennsylvania, the road was to be reconstructed and resurfaced, the section that ran over Haystack Mountain, just west of Cumberland, was abandoned and a new road was built through the Cumberland Narrows. On April 1,1835, the section from Wheeling to Cumberland was transferred to Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. The last congressional appropriation was made May 25,1838, and in 1840, Congress voted against completing the unfinished portion of the road, construction of the National Road stopped in 1839. Much of the road through Indiana and Illinois remained unfinished and was transferred to the states. In 1912, the Cumberland National Road was chosen to become part of the National Old Trails Road, five Madonna of the Trail monuments, donated by the Daughters of the American Revolution, were erected along the old National Road. In 1927, the National Road was designated as the part of U. S. Highway 40, which still generally follows the National Roads alignment with occasional bypasses, realignments. The mostly parallel Interstate 70 now provides a route for through travel without the many sharp curves, steep grades
2.
Victory Highway
–
The Victory Highway was an auto trail across the United States between New York City and San Francisco, roughly equivalent to the present U. S. Route 40. It was created by the Victory Highway Association, which was organized in 1921 to locate, a series of Victory Eagle sculptures would mark the route, although only six were completed. Washington was later removed from the route, and the highway was relocated to run west from Baltimore to Cumberland, Maryland, at Cumberland, it picked up the old National Road to Vandalia, Illinois, which was already marked as part of the National Old Trails Road. It continued to follow that auto trail near Fulton, Missouri, the highway continued west from Kansas City to Denver over the Golden Belt Highway, and then ran via Salt Lake City, across the Great Salt Lake Desert on the Wendover Cut-off and into Nevada. The Victory Highway mostly overlapped the National Old Trails Road east of St. Louis, Route 130 and Middlesex County Route 615. After crossing the Victory Bridge into Perth Amboy, it turned east over the Outerbridge Crossing, after the Outerbridge Crossing was completed in 1928, the only two ferries remaining on the highway were the Staten Island Ferry and a ferry between San Francisco and Oakland at the other end. When the United States Numbered Highways system was introduced in 1926, the Victory Highway Association continued to promote tourism along the route, but as the importance of named highways declined, the association renamed itself the U. S. Highway 40 Association in 1938
3.
Interstate 80
–
Interstate 80 is a transcontinental limited-access highway in the United States that runs from downtown San Francisco, California, to Teaneck, New Jersey, in the New York City Metropolitan Area. The highway was designated in 1956 as one of the routes of the Interstate Highway System. Its final segment was opened to traffic in 1986 and it is the second-longest Interstate Highway in the United States, following I-90. I-80 is the Interstate Highway that most closely approximates the route of the historic Lincoln Highway, from near Chicago east to near Youngstown, Ohio, I-80 is a toll road, containing the majority of both the Indiana Toll Road and the Ohio Turnpike. I-80 runs concurrently with I-90 from near Portage, Indiana, to Elyria, in Pennsylvania, I-80 is known as the Keystone Shortway, a non-tolled freeway that crosses rural north-central portions of the state on the way to New Jersey and New York City. I-80 begins at an interchange with U. S. Route 101 in San Francisco and it then heads northeast through Vallejo, Sacramento, and the Sierra Nevada mountains before crossing into Nevada. A portion of the route through Pinole involved the experimental transplantation of the rare species Santa Cruz tarweed in the right-of-way, in Nevada, I-80 traverses the northern portion of the state. The Nevada portion of I-80 follows the paths of the Truckee and Humboldt rivers, the Interstate also follows the historical routes of the California Trail, First Transcontinental Railroad, and Feather River Route throughout portions of the state. I-80 in Nevada closely follows, and at points directly overlaps, the original route of the Victory Highway, State Route 1. After crossing Utahs western border in Wendover, I-80 crosses the desolate Bonneville Salt Flats west of the Great Salt Lake, the longest stretch between exits on an Interstate Highway is located between Wendover and Knolls, with 37.4 miles between those exits. This portion of I-80, crossing the Great Salt Lake Desert, is flat and straight, dotted with large warning signs about driver fatigue. It ascends Parleys Canyon and passes within a few miles of Park City as it follows a route through the mountains towards the junction with the terminus of the western section of I-84. From the junction it continues up Echo Canyon and on towards the border with Wyoming, the route of the Utah section of I-80 is defined in Utah Code Annotated § 72-4-113. In Wyoming, I-80 reaches its maximum elevation of 8,640 feet above sea level at Sherman Summit, near Buford, farther west in Wyoming, the Interstate passes through the dry Red Desert and over the Continental Divide. I-80 enters Nebraska west of Bushnell, the western portion of I-80 in Nebraska runs very close to the state of Colorado, without entering the state. The intersection of I-76 and I-80 is visible from the Colorado–Nebraska state line, from its intersection with I-76 to Grand Island, I-80 lies in the valley of the South Platte River and the Platte River. Along this length, the road does not vary from a straight line by more than a few yards. After Lincoln, I-80 turns northeast towards Omaha and it then crosses the Missouri River in Omaha to enter the state of Iowa
4.
U.S. Route 189
–
U. S. Route 189 is a spur of U. S. Route 89. It currently runs for 322 miles from Provo, Utah at Interstate 15 to Jackson, the highway was not part of the original 1926 U. S. Highway system. The highway was created in the 1930s, absorbing former U. S. Route 530, the portion through Provo Canyon has been designated the Provo Canyon Scenic Byway by the state of Utah. US-189 begins in Provo where it is known as University Avenue, the highway then winds up Provo Canyon passing by Deer Creek Reservoir and paralleling the route of the Heber Creeper. The portion in Provo Canyon is designated the Provo Canyon Scenic Byway by the state legislature, the highway exits Provo Canyon near Heber City, Utah. At Heber City US-189 meets U. S. Route 40, the Utah Department of Transportation has placed an end sign at the junction of US-40 in Heber City. However, there is a connection to US-189 in Wyoming via US-40. Prior to the construction of the Jordanelle Reservoir the route was signed past the junction at Heber City, the highway continued north concurrent with the former alignment of US-40 that is now under water. US-40 and 189 separated at Hailstone, also now under the lake, US-189 emerged from the lake shore along the route now signed State Route 32. SR-32 and former US-189 join I-80 in Wanship, prior to the completion of Interstate 80 in eastern Utah US-189 formed the main streets of Coalville and other communities now bypassed by I-80. The Utah section of US-189 is defined in Utah Code Annotated § 72-4-124, the Utah Code does not contain the concurrent alignment along US-40 and I-80, but the concurrent portion is included in Utah Department of Transportation maps of the area. US189 enters Wyoming from the west co-routed with Interstate 80, the routes separate east of Evanston, where US189 proceeds north to the Jackson Hole area. At Hoback Junction, south of Jackson, US189 rejoins its parent route, there was a US-189 in the initial 1926 plan for U. S. Highways, which ran from Nephi to Pigeon Hollow Junction. This route is currently the eastern half of State Route 132, in 1938, a second iteration of US189 was created using several state routes. The portion from Provo to Heber City in Utah was numbered State Route 7, although signed US-189 starting in 1938 this road retained the SR-7 designation until 1977. US-189 replaced US-530, designated in 1926, between the junctions of I-80 with US-40 at Silver Creek Junction and I-84 at Echo. Between Echo and Evanston, Wyoming US-189 was originally concurrent with US-30S, as portions of I-80 were complete, US-189 was moved from the old US-30S alignment to the freeway alignment. Prior to the construction of the Jordanelle Reservoir, the US-189 designation alternated between two routes between Hailstone and Wanship, for most of this era, US-189 was routed along what is now State Route 32 via Kamas
5.
Silver Summit, Utah
–
Silver Summit is a census-designated place in Summit County, Utah, United States. Prior to the 2010 Census, the area was designated as North Snyderville Basin CDP, the population was 1,821 at the 2000 census. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 16.5 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,821 people,690 households, the population density was 110.7 people per square mile. There were 800 housing units at a density of 48. 6/sq mi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94. 23% White,0. 33% Native American,1. 21% Asian,0. 05% Pacific Islander,2. 91% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 5. 88% of the population. 24. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 0. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.25. In the CDP, the population was out with 26. 6% under the age of 18,9. 8% from 18 to 24,39. 8% from 25 to 44,21. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 32 years, for every 100 females there were 109.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.2 males, the median income for a household in the CDP was $62,891, and the median income for a family was $83,255. Males had an income of $42,008 versus $40,833 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $34,794, about 1. 5% of families and 3. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5. 0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over
6.
Interstate 25
–
Interstate 25 is a major Interstate Highway in the western United States. It is primarily a north–south highway, I-25 stretches from Interstate 10 at Las Cruces, New Mexico, to Interstate 90 in Buffalo, Wyoming. Interstate 25 is the main north–south expressway through Wyoming, Colorado, the I-25 corridor is mainly rural, especially in Wyoming, excluding the Albuquerque, Pueblo, Colorado Springs, and the Denver areas. The part of I-25 in Colorado passes just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains and that stretch was recently involved in a large-scale renovation named the Transportation Expansion Project in Denver, and the COSMIX. Major highway work for the T-REX project ended on August 22,2006, the COSMIX project was completed in December 2007. Several other smaller improvement projects for I-25 are still ongoing within Colorado, I-25 begins at Interstate 10s exit 144 in Las Cruces, just south of the New Mexico State University campus. I-25 is concurrent with U. S. Route 85 at this point, immediately, three exits provide access to the city, including one for U. S. Route 70. When I-25 reaches Truth or Consequences, it is parallel to Elephant Butte Lake State Park, from Las Cruces to Santa Fe I-25 follows the route of El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro. As I-25 nears Albuquerque, it has interchanges with highways such as U. S. Route 380, further north, State Road 6, former U. S. Route 66, meets up with I-25 in Los Lunas. Through Albuquerque I-25 is named the Pan American Freeway and there are frequent exits to city streets, a major interchange with Interstate 40 is named the Big I. It was given a mention by the United States Department of Transportation. Leaving Albuquerque to the north, I-25 curves to the northeast as it approaches Santa Fe, continuing northbound at Santa Fe, I-25 heads southeast for approximately 45 miles traveling through the Santa Fe National Forest and crossing Glorieta Pass. It turns north again at Blanchard toward Las Vegas, the highway maintains a north and northeast orientation as it leaves New Mexico traversing Raton Pass and enters Colorado. From Santa Fe to Trinidad, Colorado I-25 approximates part of the route of the Santa Fe Trail, for its entire length in the state, I-25 shares its alignment with US-85, although US-85 is unsigned. Interstate 25 has many nicknames through the larger cities. In Denver it is called the Valley Highway, as the highway parallels the course of the South Platte River throughout the area and is often sunken below ground level. The section in El Paso County is named the Ronald Reagan Highway, I-25 enters Colorado 14 miles south of the city of Trinidad. It is the main route through Colorado with a length of 300 miles
7.
Denver
–
Denver, officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U. S. state of Colorado. Denver is in the South Platte River Valley on the edge of the High Plains just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, Denver is nicknamed the Mile-High City because its official elevation is exactly one mile above sea level, making it the highest major city in the United States. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich, the reference for the Mountain Time Zone. Denver is ranked as a Beta- world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. With a 2015 estimated population of 682,545, Denver ranks as the 19th-most populous U. S. city, and with a 2. 8% increase in 2015, the city is also the fastest-growing major city in the United States. The 10-county Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area had an estimated 2015 population of 2,814,330 and ranked as the 19th most populous U. S. metropolitan statistical area. The 12-city Denver-Aurora, CO Combined Statistical Area had an estimated 2015 population of 3,418,876, which ranks as the 16th most populous U. S. metropolitan area. Denver is the most populous city of the 18-county Front Range Urban Corridor, Denver is the most populous city within a 500-mile radius and the second-most populous city in the Mountain West after Phoenix, Arizona. In 2016, Denver was named the best place to live in the USA by U. S. News & World Report and this was the first historical settlement in what was later to become the city of Denver. The site faded quickly, however, and by the summer of 1859 it was abandoned in favor of Auraria, Larimer named the townsite Denver City to curry favor with Kansas Territorial Governor James W. Denver. Larimer hoped the name would help make it the county seat of Arapaho County but, unbeknownst to him. The location was accessible to existing trails and was across the South Platte River from the site of seasonal encampments of the Cheyenne, the site of these first towns is now the site of Confluence Park near downtown Denver. Larimer, along with associates in the St. Charles City Land Company, sold parcels in the town to merchants and miners, Denver City was a frontier town, with an economy based on servicing local miners with gambling, saloons, livestock and goods trading. In the early years, land parcels were often traded for grubstakes or gambled away by miners in Auraria, in May 1859, Denver City residents donated 53 lots to the Leavenworth & Pikes Peak Express in order to secure the regions first overland wagon route. Offering daily service for passengers, mail, freight, and gold, in 1863, Western Union furthered Denvers dominance of the region by choosing the city for its regional terminus. The Colorado Territory was created on February 28,1861, Arapahoe County was formed on November 1,1861, Denver City served as the Arapahoe County Seat from 1861 until consolidation in 1902. In 1867, Denver City became the territorial capital, with its newfound importance, Denver City shortened its name to Denver
8.
Interstate 35
–
Interstate 35 is a major north–south Interstate Highway in the central United States. I-35 stretches from Laredo, Texas, on the American–Mexican border to Duluth, Minnesota, at Minnesota Highway 61 and 26th Avenue East. In two stretches, both through twin cities, the splits into Interstate 35E—at Dallas and at Saint Paul, Minnesota—and Interstate 35W—at Fort Worth, Texas. At 1,568 mi, Interstate 35 is the ninth-longest Interstate Highway following Interstate 94, even though the route is generally considered to be a border to border highway, this highway does not directly connect to either international border. I-35s southern terminus is a signal in Laredo, Texas. Route 53 in Duluth, but that route is typically accessed from the south by Minnesota Highway 33 at Cloquet. Interstate 35 northbound begins at a intersection with Business Spur I-35 in Laredo, Texas, just north of the Rio Grande. Through Webb, La Salle, and Frio Counties, it has a mostly north-northeastern course and it then cuts across the corners of Medina and Atascosa Counties before entering Bexar County and San Antonio. Interstate 35 is named the Pan Am Expressway in San Antonio, there, it has brief concurrencies with both Interstate 10 and Interstate 410, and it serves as the northern terminus of Interstate 37. I-35 heads northward out of the city towards the capital, Austin. In Austin, Interstate 35 is the Interregional Highway, throughout Austin, elevated express lanes were constructed on either side of the original freeway. Prior to this expansion, this included an at-grade railroad crossing. From Austin, I-35 goes through Round Rock, Temple, in Waco, I-35 is the Jack Kultgen Freeway. The campuses of the University of Texas at Austin and Baylor University are located adjacent to I-35, I-35 then heads to Hillsboro, where it splits up into I-35W and I-35E and runs through the Dallas/Fort Worth area. The official mile markers follow I-35E through Dallas—I-35W, which is 85 miles in length, carries its own mileage from Hillsboro to Denton, in Dallas, I-35 is the R. L. Thornton Freeway south of I-30, which picks up the name heading east. North of I-30, it is the Stemmons Freeway, after passing through Dallas and Fort Worth, I-35s two forks merge in Denton near the University of North Texas campus. The unified interstate then continues north to Gainesville before crossing the Red River into Oklahoma, in Oklahoma, I-35 runs from the Red River at the Texas border to the Kansas state line near Braman. It passes through or adjacent to many of the major cities
9.
Kansas City, Missouri
–
Kansas City is the largest city in Missouri and the sixth largest city in the Midwest. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the city had an population of 475,378 in 2015. It is the city of the Kansas City metropolitan area. Kansas City was founded in the 1830s as a Missouri River port at its confluence with the Kansas River coming in from the west, on June 1,1850 the town of Kansas was incorporated, shortly after came the establishment of the Kansas Territory. Confusion between the two ensued and the name Kansas City was assigned to them soon thereafter. Most of the city lies within Jackson County, but portions spill into Clay, Cass, along with Independence, it serves as one of the two county seats for Jackson County. Major suburbs include the Missouri cities of Independence and Lees Summit and the Kansas cities of Overland Park, Olathe, and Kansas City. The city is composed of neighborhoods, including the River Market District in the north, the 18th and Vine District in the east. Kansas City is also known for its cuisine, its craft breweries, Kansas City, Missouri was officially incorporated as a town on June 1,1850, and as a city on March 28,1853. The territory straddling the border between Missouri and Kansas at the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri rivers was considered a place to build settlements. The Antioch Christian Church, Dr. James Compton House, the first documented European visitor to Kansas City was Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont, who was also the first European to explore the lower Missouri River. Criticized for his response to the Native American attack on Fort Détroit, Bourgmont lived with a Native American wife in a village about 90 miles east near Brunswick, Missouri, where he illegally traded furs. In the documents, he describes the junction of the Grande Riv des Cansez and Missouri River, French cartographer Guillaume Delisle used the descriptions to make the areas first reasonably accurate map. The Spanish took over the region in the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the French continued their fur trade under Spanish license. After the 1804 Louisiana Purchase, Lewis and Clark visited the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri rivers, in 1831, a group of Mormons from New York settled in what would become the city. They built the first school within Kansas Citys current boundaries, but were forced out by mob violence in 1833, in 1833 John McCoy established West Port along the Santa Fe Trail,3 miles away from the river. In 1834 McCoy established Westport Landing on a bend in the Missouri to serve as a point for West Port. Soon after, the Kansas Town Company, a group of investors, began to settle the area, in 1850, the landing area was incorporated as the Town of Kansas
10.
Interstate 55
–
Interstate 55 is a major Interstate Highway in the central United States. As with most interstates that end in a five, it is a major cross-country, north-south route, the highway travels from LaPlace, Louisiana, at I-10 to Chicago at U. S. Route 41, at McCormick Place. The section of I-55 between Chicago and St. Louis was built as a route for US66. It crosses the Mississippi River twice, once at Memphis, Tennessee, when it was realized that a national highway system was needed, the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 provided for a highway replacing the old Route 66 which I-55 filled. I-55 was originally constructed in the 1970s, to extend a section of Route 66 between I-294 and Gardner which had converted into a freeway and had Interstate signage installed in 1960. During the rest of the 1960s, I-55 was built in portions throughout Illinois eventually connecting St. Louis to Chicago where it became the direct route between them. As it goes southwards, most of the Interstate was purpose-built during the 1960s and 70s, the entire length was completed in 1979. In Louisiana, I-55 runs nearly 66 miles from south to north, from I-10 near Laplace to the Mississippi state line near Kentwood, approximately 1⁄3 of the distance consists of the Manchac Swamp Bridge, a nearly 23-mile causeway, often cited as the third-longest viaduct in the world. In Mississippi, I-55 runs 290.5 miles from the Louisiana border near Osyka, Mississippi to Southaven on the Tennessee border, noteworthy cities and towns that I-55 passes through or close by to are McComb, Jackson, and Grenada. This highway parallels US51 in its path roughly through the center of Mississippi, the eight miles from Hernando to the Tennessee state line coincide with the newer I-69. The Mississippi section of I-55 is defined in the Mississippi Code § 65-3-3, the Tennessee Department of Transportation currently has an interchange improvement project for this portion. Heavy truck traffic heading to and from Arkansas in this area is hence directed to detour via I-240 and I-40, for the Tennessee stretch of the Interstate, the usual national freeway speed limit of 70 mph is reduced to 65 mph. I-255 was the former numbering of I-240 between I-55 and I-40 through midtown Memphis, Tennessee, I-55 enters Arkansas from Tennessee as it crosses the Mississippi River on the Memphis & Arkansas Bridge. It overlaps I-40 for approximately 2.8 miles in West Memphis, after separating from I-40, I-55 turns northward and runs with US61, US63, and US64 until US64 exits in through Marion. I-55/US 61/US63 continue north through Crittenden County through rural farms of the Arkansas delta, I-55 passes through Blytheville, where it has a junction with Highway 18 before entering Missouri. I-55 parallels U. S.61 in its path through Arkansas, in Missouri, I-55 runs from the southeastern part of the state, at the Arkansas border, to St. Louis. In this city, I-44 merges in with I-55, and then I-64, among the cities and towns served by I-55 in Missouri are Sikeston, Cape Girardeau, and St. Louis. As noted above, I-55 parallels US61 for most of its course through Missouri, I-55 largely follows the 1940 alignment of the former US66, now Historic US66, through Illinois
11.
Interstate 64
–
Interstate 64 is an Interstate Highway in the Eastern United States. Its western terminus is at I-70, U. S. Route 40 and its eastern terminus is at an interchange with I-264 and I-664 at Bowers Hill in Chesapeake, Virginia. At 953.74 miles, I-64 is the second longest interstate highway not ending with a 5 or 0, the Missouri Department of Transportation has completed extending I-64 to I-70 in Wentzville, Missouri. I-64 overlaps with I-55, I-57, I-75, I-77, I-81, I-64 does not maintain exit number continuity for any of the overlaps, as each of the six north-south routes maintain their exit numbering on their respective overlaps with I-64. This road is also the southernmost portion of the Avenue of the Saints, an interchange at Highway N OFallon, Missouri opened on December 13,2004. This interchange also accommodates the tie-in of the Missouri Route 364 freeway to I-64, in April 2007, construction started to rebuild 10.5 miles of I-64 in St. Louis, Missouri, from Spoede Road to Kingshighway. This project included repaving the road, rebuilding the overpasses and interchanges. Construction resulted in the closure of portions of the expressway in 2008 and 2009. In 2008, I-64 was closed from I-270 to I-170, re-opening December 15,2008, beginning December 15,2008, I-64 from I-170 to Kingshighway was closed. The portion of Interstate 64 in St. Louis has been named the Jack Buck Memorial Highway, I-64 enters Illinois from St. Louis, Missouri, via the Poplar Street Bridge, where it overlaps I-55 as it crosses the Mississippi River. After crossing the city of East St. Louis and the rest of suburban St. Clair County, shortly after passing Mid-America Airport at Exit 23, I-64 enters Clinton County, then Washington County. After providing access to such as Carlyle, Breese, Nashville, and Centralia. East of Mt. Vernon in Illinois, services along I-64 are few, the freeway crosses Jefferson, Wayne, and White counties as it progresses east toward Indiana and the Evansville area. East of the St Louis area, there are numerous oil wells dotting the landscape, the section from IL127 to I-57 opened on October 4,1974. The section from IL161 to IL127 opened in December 1973, the section in the Metro East, except for a short section near I-55/70, opened on December 23,1975. The section from US460 to US45 opened on August 7,1975, I-64 crosses the Wabash River and enters the state of Indiana. Near milepost 61, there is a change from Central Time Zone to Eastern Time Zone. As with all time zone changes on highways maintained by the Indiana Department of Transportation, the 123-mile route in Indiana can be described as being somewhat winding, especially the farther east one travels within the state
12.
Interstate 70
–
Interstate 70 is a major Interstate Highway in the United States that runs from I-15 near Cove Fort, Utah to I-695 near Baltimore, Maryland. I-70 approximately traces the path of U. S. Route 40 east of the Rocky Mountains, West of the Rockies, the route of I-70 was derived from multiple sources. The Interstate runs through or near major cities, including Denver, Kansas City, St. Louis, Indianapolis, Columbus, Pittsburgh. The sections of the interstate in Missouri and Kansas have laid claim to be the first interstate in the United States. The construction of I-70 in Colorado and Utah is considered an engineering marvel as the passes through the Eisenhower Tunnel, Glenwood Canyon. The Eisenhower Tunnel is the highest point along the Interstate Highway system with an elevation of 11,158 ft. Interstate 70 begins at an interchange with Interstate 15 near Cove Fort. Upon leaving the valley near Salina, I-70 crosses 7,923 ft Salina Summit, prior to the construction of I-70, the swell was inaccessible via paved roads and relatively undiscovered. It also became the longest piece of highway to be opened at one time. Although opened in 1970, this section was not formally complete until 1990, since I-70s construction, the swell has been noted for its desolate beauty. The swell has since been nominated for National Park and/or National Monument status on multiple occasions, if the swell is granted this status it arguably would be the first time a National Park owes its existence to an interstate highway. Most of the exits in this span are rest areas, brake check areas, I-70 exits the swell near Green River. From Green River to the Colorado state line, I-70 follows the edge of the Book Cliffs. Entering from Utah, I-70 descends into the Grand Valley where it meets the Colorado River, here I-70 serves the Grand Junction metro area before traversing more mountainous terrain. The last section of I-70 to be completed was the 15-mile Glenwood Canyon, construction was delayed for many years due to environmental concerns. Much of the highway is elevated above the Colorado River, the speed limit in this section is 50 mph due to the limited sight distance and sharp corners. The Eisenhower–Johnson Memorial Tunnel, the highest vehicular tunnel in North America, because of the rugged and narrow terrain of the Rocky Mountains, I-70 is one of few roads connecting Colorados ski resorts with Denver. Descending through the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, the Denver skyline can be seen on a clear day. This can fool truckers and other unsuspecting drivers because there is still over 10 miles of steep grade road before reaching the city, a series of signs warns truckers of the steep grade
13.
East St. Louis, Illinois
–
East St. Louis is a city in St. Clair County, Illinois, United States across the Mississippi River from St. Louis, Missouri in the Metro-East region of Southern Illinois. Once a bustling industrial center like many cities in the Rust Belt, in 1950, East St. Louis was the fourth largest city in Illinois when population peaked at 82,366. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 27,006, one of the highlights of the citys waterfront is the Gateway Geyser. Located on the grounds of Malcolm W. Martin Memorial Park, designed to complement the Gateway Arch across the river in St. Louis, it shoots water to a height of 630 feet, the same height as the Arch. Native Americans had long inhabited both sides of the Mississippi River, before the Civil War, settlers reported up to 50 mounds in the area that became East St. Louis, but most were lost to 19th-century development and later roadbuilding. East St. Louis lies within the American Bottom area of the present day Metro-East area of St. Louis and this name was given after the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, and European Americans began to settle in the area. The village was first named Illinoistown, East St. Louis was founded in 1797 by Captain James Piggott, a Revolutionary War veteran. In that year Piggott began operating a service across the Mississippi River. When Piggott died in 1799, his widow sold the business, moved to St. Louis County. Famed actress Virginia Mayo was a great granddaughter of Captain Piggott. The municipality called East St. Louis was established on April 1,1861, Illinoistown residents voted on a new name that day, and 183 voted to rename the town East St. Louis. Though it started as a town, East St. Louis soon grew to a larger city at the center of a growing economy in St. Louis. A period of industrial growth followed the American Civil War. Industries in East St. Louis made use of the availability of Illinois coal as fuel. Another early industry was meatpacking and stockyards, concentrated in one area to limit their nuisance to other jurisdictions, in the expansion, many businessmen became overextended in credit, and a major economic collapse followed the Panic of 1873. This was due to railroad and other manufacturing expansion, land speculation, the economic recession began in the East and steadily moved west, severely crippling the railroads, the main system of transportation. In response, railroad companies began dramatically lowering workers wages, forcing employees to work without pay and these wage cuts and additional money-saving tactics prompted strikes and massive unrest. While most of the strikes in the cities during 1877 were accompanied by violence
14.
Interstate 57
–
Interstate 57 is an Interstate Highway in Missouri and Illinois that parallels the old Illinois Central rail line for much of its route. It goes from Sikeston, Missouri, at Interstate 55 to Chicago, Illinois, I-57 essentially serves as a shortcut route for travelers headed between the south and Chicago, bypassing St. Louis, Missouri. In fact, both the cities on the overhead signs, as well as destination mileage signs, reference Memphis along southbound I-57. Likewise, at its end, Chicago is the control city listed for I-57 on signs on northbound I-55 south of Sikeston, Missouri. As of 2015, I-57 has no routes, nor are any planned for the near future. At a length of just over 386 miles, it is the second longest two-digit Interstate Highway without an auxiliary route, I-57 has one business loop in Charleston, Missouri. In the state of Missouri, Interstate 57 runs northbound from Sikeston to the Cairo I-57 Bridge over the Mississippi River south of Cairo, Illinois. After ending southbound at Interstate 55, the highway continues as U. S. Route 60, which meets U. S. Route 67 at Poplar Bluff, Missouri, the state of Missouri has proposed extending the I-57 designation down this corridor. However, this conflicts with Arkansas plans to extend the Interstate 30 designation north on U. S. Route 67. From the start of I-57 northbound, the US60 concurrency goes about 12 miles, in the state of Illinois, Interstate 57 runs from the bridge over the Mississippi River north to Chicago. I-57 is the longest Interstate Highway in Illinois and it then follows US45 bypassing cities of Champaign and Urbana, and heads north to Onarga whereafter it follows the formerly duplex path of US45 and old US54 to Kankakee. It serves as the terminus of Interstate 24 that leads southeastward to those cities. The route is a way for Chicagoans to reach Shawnee National Forest in the southern tip of the state. It also serves as an artery for college students in the state, running near Shawnee Community College in Ullin, Southern Illinois University in Carbondale. Interstate 57 and Interstate 294 did not have an intersection for a long time and it was one of only a few examples where Interstates cross but didnt have interchanges with each other. Vehicles were directed to use Interstate 80 to access Interstate 294 instead, I-57 remains the only Chicago expressway that does not have a commonly used name. Its Chicago-area portion was known as the Dan Ryan Expressway–West Leg. I-57 was named the Ken Gray Expressway in southern Illinois after former U. S, congressman Ken Gray for his work on getting the route planned through southern Illinois
15.
Effingham, Illinois
–
Effingham is a city in and the county seat of Effingham County, Illinois, United States. The population was 12,604 at the 2015 census estimate and it is also a major railroad junction, the crossing of the Illinois Central main line from Chicago to Memphis with the Pennsylvania Railroad line from Indianapolis to St. Louis. Thus, Effingham has a range of restaurants, and lodging facilities. Effingham is located at 39°7′15″N 88°32′45″W, according to the 2010 census, Effingham has a total area of 9.921 square miles, of which 9.86 square miles is land and 0.061 square miles is water. As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 12,384 people,5,330 households, the population density was 1,428.9 people per square mile. There were 5,660 housing units at a density of 653.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 97. 79% White,0. 36% African American,0. 19% Native American,0. 59% Asian,0. 38% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 04% of the population. 36. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.96. In the city, the population was out with 24. 9% under the age of 18,9. 0% from 18 to 24,27. 7% from 25 to 44,20. 2% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.2 males, the median income for a household in the city was $34,761, and the median income for a family was $45,902. Males had an income of $31,442 versus $21,543 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,132, about 6. 5% of families and 9. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12. 9% of those under age 18 and 7. 9% of those age 65 or over. Effingham was first settled in 1814, and was known from then until 1859 as Broughton, on April 4,1949, St. Anthonys hospital caught fire and burned to the ground, killing 74 people. As a result, fire codes nationwide were improved, due to extensive media coverage, including a Life Magazine cover story, donations for rebuilding the hospital came from all 48 states and several foreign countries. Effingham is also important as a rail junction. The old Pennsylvania Railroad and the former Illinois Central Railroad crossed in downtown Effingham, even today, Amtraks City of New Orleans passes through daily. Amtrak, the passenger rail system, provides service to Effingham under the daily City of New Orleans route to New Orleans and Chicago, Saluki
16.
Interstate 65
–
Interstate 65 is a major Interstate Highway in the central United States. As with most interstates that end in a five, it is a major cross-country, north-south route, I-65 connects several major metropolitan areas in the Midwest and Southern United States. It connects the four largest cities in Alabama and it also serves as one of the main north-south routes through Nashville, Tennessee, Louisville, Kentucky, and Indianapolis, Indiana, each a major metropolitan area in each respective state. In the state of Alabama, I-65 passes through or near four of the major metropolitan areas, Mobile, Montgomery, Birmingham. I-65 begins its path northward in Mobile at its junction with I-10, from I-10, I-65 runs west of downtown Mobile and through the northern suburbs of the city before turning northeasterly towards Montgomery. In Montgomery, I-65 connects with the terminus of I-85. In Birmingham, I-65 has an interchange with I-20/I-59, north of downtown, I-22 branches off I-65 towards Memphis. From Birmingham, I-65 continues north, crossing the Tennessee River near Decatur, a few miles north of the river, it interchanges with I-565, a short spur route which provides access to Huntsville. It then continues out of the Tennessee Valley to the state of Tennessee. I-65 enters Tennessee from the south near the town of Ardmore, then it reaches the outer parts of Columbia and making its way to Saturn Parkway, which brings travelers to the town of Spring Hill. I-65 then continues on to reach I-840 and progresses until it intersects SR96 at Franklin, then the highway goes through Brentwood, Nashville, Madison, Goodlettsville, White House, and then close to Portland, this highway passes into the state of Kentucky. I-65 enters the state five miles south of Franklin, throughout its length, it passes near Mammoth Cave National Park, Bernheim Forest, the National Corvette Museum and the Fort Knox Military Reservation. I-65 has intersections with four of the parkways in the state, the first major junction is with the William H. Natcher Parkway at Bowling Green, followed by the Cumberland Parkway north of the city between Smiths Grove and Park City. At Elizabethtown, it has two more interchanges with the Wendell H. Ford Western Kentucky Parkway and the Martha Layne Collins Bluegrass Parkway. I-65 also has interchanges with I-265, I-264, I-64, the widest stretch of Interstate 65 in its entirety is in Louisville at Kentucky Route 1065, where the main line is 14 lanes wide. The highway crosses the Ohio River into Indiana on the John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge, the latter bridge opened in October 2016 as part of the Ohio River Bridges Project. Prior to the project, the Kennedy Bridge carried traffic in both directions, the project also included reconstruction of the I-65/I-64/I-71 convergence interchange just south of the Kennedy Bridge, plus renovating the older span to carry six lanes of southbound traffic. At one time, the stretch of I-65 from Louisville to Elizabethtown was a road bearing the Kentucky Turnpike name
17.
Interstate 69
–
The remaining separated parts are variously completed and posted or unposted parts of an extension southwest to the Mexican border in Texas. A sixth segment of I-69 through Kentucky utilizing that states existing parkway system and this brings the total length to about 680 miles. This funding has since been withheld causing some states to suspend construction indefinitely, a 53. 3-mile section of US-77 from the Veterans International Bridge at Brownsville, Texas to Raymondville, Texas, designated as I-69E on May 30,2013. A1. 4-mile section of both US59 and Loop 20 in Laredo, Texas between the World Trade International Bridge and I-35, designated as I-69W on June 17,2014. The original portion of Interstate 69 in Indiana starts at an interchange with Interstate 465, I-69 heads northeast to near Anderson, where it turns more easterly to provide indirect access to Muncie before turning more northerly towards Marion, and Fort Wayne. In Fort Wayne, I-69 runs along the edge of the city while I-69s only current signed auxiliary route, I-469. After crossing the Indiana East-West Toll Road near Angola and Fremont, I-69 in Michigan runs north passing through Coldwater and Marshall. There it crosses I-94 east of Battle Creek, near Olivet, I-69 begins to turn in a northeasterly direction passing through the Lansing metropolitan area. Here I-69 is cosigned with I-96 as an overlap west of Lansing, where it splits from I-96, I-69 turns east, both in compass direction and in signed direction, and heads north of Lansing and through Flint to a junction with I-94 just outside Port Huron. At its eastern terminus, I-69 joins I-94 to the Blue Water Bridge across the St. Clair River, the new section of Interstate 69 in southern Indiana presently begins at the U. S. Route 41 interchange south of Evansville at the former southern terminus of Interstate 164. From there, it runs north meeting state roads 662,66, at exit 19, Indiana State Road 57 joins I-69 on a concurrency. Shortly thereafter, it meets Interstate 64 at a cloverleaf interchange, from there, it runs north to SR68. Construction was completed on November 19,2012 on a 67-mile segment, construction for the final new terrain segment, which takes I-69 from Crane NSWC northeast to SR37 on the southwest side of Bloomington, was completed in December 2015. The new I-69 in Mississippi and Tennessee starts at an intersection with the former route of Mississippi Highway 304 in Banks, Tunica County. It continues roughly north-northeast, crossing into DeSoto County, to an interchange with the current route of MS304. It then continues north, overlapping I-55 to the Tennessee state line and it then follows I-240 northward through downtown before joining I-40. Presently, the end of this section of I-69 is at the I-40/I-69/SR300 interchange on the north side of Memphis. As of 2015, SIU1 and SIU2 are open, as is SIU5 in Kentucky, the short SIU10 in northwestern Mississippi, SIU6 in Kentucky is built as a freeway, but not yet up to Interstate standards in all areas
18.
Interstate 74
–
Interstate 74 is an Interstate Highway in the midwestern and southeastern United States. Its western end is at an interchange with Interstate 80 in Davenport, Iowa, I-74 also exists as several disconnected sections of highways in North Carolina. In the state of Iowa, Interstate 74 runs south from Interstate 80 for 5.36 miles before crossing into Illinois on the Interstate 74 Bridge, North of the Mississippi River, I-74 bisects Bettendorf and Davenport. In the state of Illinois, Interstate 74 runs south from Moline to Galesburg, from this point it runs southeast through Peoria to the Bloomington-Normal area, I-74 continues southeast to the Champaign-Urbana area, intersecting with Interstate 57. The interstate then runs east past Danville at the Illinois-Indiana state line, U. S. Route 150 parallels Interstate 74 in Illinois for its entire length, save the last few miles on the eastern end, where it parallels U. S. Route 136. In the state of Indiana, Interstate 74 runs east from the Illinois state line to the Crawfordsville area before turning southeast and it then runs around the city center of Indianapolis along Interstate 465. Once I-74 reaches the southeast side of Indianapolis it diverges from I-465 and it then enters Ohio in Harrison, Ohio. In the state of Ohio, Interstate 74 runs southeast from the Indiana border to the western segments current eastern terminus at Interstate 75 just north of downtown Cincinnati and it is also signed with U. S. Route 52 for its entire length. While planned to continue through West Virginia and Virginia to the Interstate 74 section in North Carolina, at this point, I-74 would follow U. S. Route 52 east from Cincinnati and the current Interstate 74. In the state of North Carolina, as of May 2015 I-74 exists in several segments, Route 220 from just north of Asheboro to south of Ellerbe, and finally a more eastern segment that runs from Laurinburg to an end at NC41 near Lumberton. The 1991 plan to build Interstate 73 soon included an extension of I-74 from where it ended in Hamilton County to I-73 at Portsmouth, Ohio, on August 31,1992, the Ohio Turnpike Commission passed a resolution to study making the extension of I-74 a toll road. Congress had authorized paying for 80 percent of the cost, and it was estimated that improving US52 to interstate standards in West Virginia would cost $2 billion. Still, by 1994, improvements to US52 were planned, the I-74 extension seemed more certain. I-73 and I-74 overlap to Rockingham, in 1996 AASHTO approved the signing of highways as I-74 along its proposed path east of I-81 in Wytheville, Virginia, where those highways meet Interstate Highway standards. North Carolina started putting up I-74 signs along its roadways in 1997, as of October 2009, Interstate 74 remains unbuilt in the state of West Virginia. WVDOT is currently upgrading the Tolsia Highway to four lanes, as of December 2008, Interstate 74 is proposed to follow the path of Interstate 77 through the state of Virginia, but remains unsigned from the West Virginia border to the North Carolina border. Two sections of I-74 in North Carolina are currently under construction. S,158, this project should also be completed by 2018. The proposed path of I-74 east of I-95 in North Carolina is still being debated, the current plan takes the route along US74 to NC211 near Bolton then south along US17 to near the South Carolina border
19.
Indianapolis
–
Indianapolis, is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of Indiana and the seat of Marion County. It is in the East North Central region of the Midwestern United States, with an estimated population of 853,173 in 2015, Indianapolis is the second most populous city in the Midwest, after Chicago, and 14th largest in the U. S. The city is the economic and cultural center of the Indianapolis metropolitan area, home to 2 million people and its combined statistical area ranks 26th, with 2.4 million inhabitants. Indianapolis covers 372 square miles, making it the 16th largest city by area in the U. S. The city grew beyond the Mile Square, as completion of the National Road and advent of the railroad solidified the position as a manufacturing. Indianapolis is within a single-day drive of 70 percent of the nations population, Indianapolis has developed niche markets in amateur sports and auto racing. The city is perhaps best known for hosting the worlds largest single-day sporting event. The city is notable as headquarters for the American Legion and home to a significant collection of monuments dedicated to veterans and war dead, the most in the U. S. outside of Washington, D. C. Since the 1970 city-county consolidation, known as Unigov, local government administration has operated under the direction of an elected 25-member city-county council, Indianapolis is considered a high sufficiency global city. In 1816, the year Indiana gained statehood, the U. S. Congress donated four sections of land to establish a permanent seat of state government. Two years later, under the Treaty of St. Marys and this tract of land, which was called the New Purchase, included the site selected for the new state capital in 1820. The availability of new lands for purchase in central Indiana attracted settlers. Although many of these first European and American setters were Protestants, few African Americans lived in central Indiana before 1840. The first European Americans to permanently settle in the area that became Indianapolis were either the McCormick or Pogue families, on January 11,1820, the Indiana General Assembly authorized a committee to select a site in central Indiana for the new state capital. The state legislature approved the site, adopting the name Indianapolis on January 6,1821, in April, Alexander Ralston and Elias Pym Fordham were appointed to survey and design a town plan for the new settlement. Indianapolis became a seat of county government on December 31,1821, a combined county and town government continued until 1832, when Indianapolis incorporated as a town. Indianapolis became an incorporated city effective March 30,1847, Samuel Henderson, the citys first mayor, led the new city government, which included a seven-member city council. In 1853, voters approved a new city charter provided for an elected mayor
20.
Interstate 75
–
Interstate 75 is a major Interstate Highway in the Great Lakes and Southeastern regions of the United States. As with most Interstates that end in a five, it is a major cross-country, north–south route and it travels from State Road 826 and SR924 on the Hialeah–Miami Lakes border to Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, at the Canadian border, I-75 is the seventh longest Interstate Highway, the second longest north-south after I-95, and passes through six different states, Florida, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, and Michigan. Due to high levels on the Interstate, much of the route is six lanes even in rural areas. I-75 starts at an interchange with SR924 and SR826 on the Hialeah–Miami Lakes border in suburban Miami, the freeway enters the Tampa Bay metropolitan area before the interchange with I-275 northbound, which handles St. Petersburg-bound traffic. The freeway proceeds to enter suburban portions of Pasco, Hernando, afterward, the northmost stretch of I-75 in Florida exits the Sunshine State into southern Georgia. After Macon it passes the town of Forsyth. The freeway reaches no major junctions again until in the Atlanta metropolitan area, the first metropolitan freeway met is I-675, then followed by the Atlanta Perimeter bypass, I-285. It crosses inside the Perimeter and heads north several miles towards the Atlanta city center, Interstate 75 then runs concurrently with I-85 due north over the Downtown Connector through the central business district of Atlanta. The areas where I-85 and I-75 run concurrently are some of the most traffic-prone streets in the nation, after the two Interstates split, I-75 makes a beeline northwest, crossing outside the I-285 perimeter and heading towards the major suburban city of Marietta. This section of I-75 just north of I-285 has 15 through lanes, north of Marietta, the final major junction in the Atlanta metropolitan area is the I-575 spur. I-75 then traverses the hilly northwestern Georgia terrain as it travels towards Chattanooga, the freeway enters Tennessee directly in the Chattanooga metropolitan area, where it intersects with I-24. Exiting Chattanooga to the northeast, I-75 passes through a known for dense fog. Twelve people were killed and 42 were injured in a 99-vehicle accident on that stretch of I-75 in heavy fog on December 11,1990, I-75 does not meet any other highways until it overlaps Interstate 40 near Farragut and heads eastbound. Together, they enter the outskirts of Knoxville, where I-75 overlaps itself with a different road, this time I-640, near Walton, I-71 merges with I-75, making for yet another overlapped portion of freeway. I-275, which is the Cincinnati beltway, is intersected by I-71/I-75. After passing through Covington, the crosses the Ohio River via the lower level of the Brent Spence Bridge. I-74 westbound, Ohio State Route 562 eastbound, and SR126 all intersect the freeway as it makes its way northward, in Arlington Heights, a Cincinnati suburb, I-75 sees a carriageway split for a few miles
21.
Dayton, Ohio
–
Dayton is the sixth-largest city in the U. S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Montgomery County. A small portion of the city extends into Greene County, the Dayton-Springfield-Greenville Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,080,044 in 2010, making it the 43rd-largest in the United States. Dayton is within Ohios Miami Valley region, just north of the Cincinnati–Northern Kentucky metropolitan area, Dayton also hosts significant research and development in fields like industrial, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering that have led to many technological innovations. Much of this innovation is due in part to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, with the decline of heavy manufacturing, Daytons businesses have diversified into a service economy that includes insurance and legal sectors as well as healthcare and government sectors. Other than defense and aerospace, healthcare accounts for much of the Dayton areas economy, hospitals in the Greater Dayton area have an estimated combined employment of nearly 32,000 and a yearly economic impact of $6.8 billion. It is estimated that Premier Health Partners, a network, contributes more than $2 billion a year to the region through operating, employment. In 2011, Dayton was rated the No.3 city in the out of the top 50 cities in the United States by HealthGrades for excellence in health care. Many hospitals in the Dayton area are consistently ranked by Forbes, U. S. News & World Report, and HealthGrades for clinical excellence. Dayton is also noted for its association with aviation, the city is home to the National Museum of the United States Air Force and is the birthplace of Orville Wright, other well-known individuals born in the city include poet Paul Laurence Dunbar and entrepreneur John H. Patterson. Dayton is also known for its patents, inventions, and inventors that have come from the area. In 2008,2009, and 2010, Site Selection magazine ranked Dayton the No.1 mid-sized metropolitan area in the nation for economic development, also in 2010, Dayton was named one of the best places in the United States for college graduates to find a job. Dayton was founded on April 1,1796, by 12 settlers known as The Thompson Party and they traveled in March from Cincinnati up the Great Miami River by pirogue and landed at what is now St. Clair Street, where they found two small camps of Native Americans. Among them was Benjamin Van Cleve, whose memoirs provide insights into the Ohio Valleys history, two other groups traveling overland arrived several days later. In 1797, Daniel C. Cooper laid out Mad River Road, Ohio was admitted into the Union in 1803, and the city of Dayton was incorporated in 1805. The city was named after Jonathan Dayton, a captain in the American Revolutionary War who signed the U. S, constitution and owned a significant amount of land in the area. Historically, Dayton has been the home for many patents and inventions since the 1870s, according to the National Park Service, citing information from the U. S. Patent Office, Dayton had granted more patents per capita than any other U. S. city in 1890, the Wright brothers, inventors of the airplane, and Charles F. Kettering, world-renowned for his numerous inventions, hailed from Dayton. Paul Laurence Dunbar – a famous African-American poet and novelist – penned his most famous works in the late 19th century, innovation led to business growth in the region
22.
Interstate 77
–
Interstate 77 is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. It traverses diverse terrain, from the state of West Virginia to the rolling farmlands of North Carolina. It largely supplants the old U. S. Route 21 between Cleveland, Ohio, and Columbia, South Carolina, as an important north–south corridor through the middle Appalachians, the southern terminus of Interstate 77 is in Columbia at the junction with Interstate 26. The northern terminus is in Cleveland at the junction with Interstate 90, the East River Mountain Tunnel, connecting Virginia and West Virginia, is one of only two instances in the United States where a mountain road tunnel crosses a state line. The other is the Cumberland Gap Tunnel, connecting Tennessee and Kentucky, I-77 begins as an eight-lane highway at I-26 in the far southeastern part of the Columbia metropolitan area. The Columbia skyline is visible from this interchange, in the Columbia area, I-77 offers easy access to Fort Jackson before meeting I-20 in the northeastern part of the city. This segment of I-77, combined with I-20 and I-26, form a beltway around Columbia, though it is not officially designated as such. In the Columbia area, the city for northbound traffic is Charlotte, N. C. while the control city for southbound traffic is Charleston, S. C and Spartanburg. After leaving the northern Columbia suburb of Blythewood, I-77 narrows to four lanes until it widens to eight lanes at Rock Hill from Exit 77 to the North Carolina state line at I-485. The final South Carolina exit, takes motorists to Carowinds, a theme park that was built along the North and South Carolina state line. Much of the Interstates path through Fairfield and Chester County is uphill and this marks the changing terrain from the Midlands to the Piedmont as the road climbs the fall line. The final section of the length of Interstate 77 was completed in Columbia in 1995. Interstate 77 through North Carolina begins at the South Carolina state line at Pineville where the Carowinds theme park is visible. It narrows to 6 lanes on the NC side south of Charlotte, in Charlotte it intersects Interstate 85 as well as intersecting each of the loops of Interstate 485 and Interstate 277. North of Charlotte, it skirts Lake Norman where it again to 4 lanes before passing through Huntersville, Cornelius, Davidson. Forty miles north of Interstate 85, at Statesville it intersects Interstate 40, next, it crosses over U. S. Route 421 in Yadkin County and continues on through Elkin. Interstate 77 in Charlotte, North Carolina is also known as the Bill Lee Freeway, a 6-mile portion south of the city is called the General Younts Expressway. When I-77 crosses over I-85, the lanes are to the west of the southbound lanes
23.
Cambridge, Ohio
–
Cambridge is a city in and the county seat of Guernsey County, Ohio, United States. It lies in southeastern Ohio, in the Appalachian Plateau of the Appalachian Mountains, the population was 11,129 at the 2010 census. It is the city of the Cambridge Micropolitan Statistical Area and is located adjacent to the intersection of Interstates 70 and 77. Cambridge is well-known among glass collectors as being the location for the Cambridge Glass, Boyd Glass, the Cambridge area is also noted for its S shaped bridges, dating back to the building of the National Road in 1828. Where this road, known as Zanes Trace, crossed Wills Creek and this was followed by the first bridge authorized by the legislature of the Northwest Territory, built in 1803. The land on part of Cambridge stands was granted to Zaccheus Biggs. A settlement grew up at the creek crossing, the town of Cambridge was platted there in 1806. Both Cambridge, Maryland and Cambridge, Massachusetts have been speculated by historians as having inspired the naming of the town. Also in 1806, another group of settlers from the Isle of Guernsey in the English Channel pitched camp in Cambridge. The county for which Cambridge serves as the county seat was named in honor of its many settlers from Guernsey. In 1828, the federally built National Road came through Cambridge, the first railroad arrived in 1854. The Cambridge, Ohio area experienced massive flooding in late June 1998. Tom Orr is the current Mayor of Cambridge, the President of the Council is Fred Barnhart, who replaces former mayor Rob Blagojevich, who replaced Fred Shimp. Cambridge is located along Wills Creek, its tributary Leatherwood Creek flows into Wills Creek in the part of the city. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 6.35 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 10,635 people,4,651 households, the population density was 1,674.8 inhabitants per square mile. There were 5,313 housing units at a density of 836.7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 92. 7% White,3. 4% African American,0. 3% Native American,0. 3% Asian,0. 3% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 2% of the population. 38. 2% of all households were made up of individuals, the average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.94
24.
Interstate 79
–
It is a primary thoroughfare through western Pennsylvania and West Virginia, and makes up part of an important corridor to Buffalo, New York, and the border with Canada. In West Virginia, Interstate 79 is known as the Jennings Randolph Expressway, in the three most northern counties it is signed as part of the High Tech Corridor. For most of its Pennsylvania stretch, it is known as the Raymond P. Shafer Highway, except at its northern end, I-79 is located on the Allegheny Plateau. Despite the somewhat rugged terrain, the road is relatively flat, most of the highway is at an elevation of about 1000 to 1200 feet above sea level, with some lower areas near both ends and higher areas near Sutton, West Virginia. In the hillier areas, this flatness is achieved by curving around hills, along ridges, from Sutton, West Virginia north, Interstate 79 generally parallels the path of U. S. Route 19. I-79 begins at a three-way directional Y interchange with Interstate 77 along the northwest bank of the Elk River just northeast of Charleston. For its first 67 miles, to a point just south of Flatwoods, I-79 is located in the watershed of the Elk River and it crosses the Elk River twice — at Frametown and Sutton - and never strays more than about 15 to 20 miles from it. I-79 enters Pennsylvania after leaving West Virginia University in Morgantown, WV, south of Washington, PA, I-79 traverses the mostly rural Greene County area. Between mile markers 34 and 38, I-79 is multiplexed with I-70 in the Washington, the freeway into Pittsburgh requires drivers to use I-376 while I-79 completely bypasses the city. Beyond the Pittsburgh area, I-79 traverses more rural areas in Butler, Lawrence, Mercer, Crawford, Route 422 for the 1973 and 1977 National Scout Jamborees, which were held at Moraine. The ramps were closed after the 1977 event, but remain in place as of 2013. I-79 was completely re-built in the Pittsburgh area in the early 1990s, the Pennsylvania General Assembly authorized the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission to build two extensions in the 1950s. The Northwestern Extension, authorized in 1953, was to stretch from the main Pennsylvania Turnpike north to Erie, and would have included a lateral connection between Ohio and New York. The Southwestern Extension, authorized in 1955, was to run south from the line near Pittsburgh to West Virginia. This extension also paralleled US19 to near Sutton, where it turned westerly to reach Charleston, on December 21,1967, the first section of I-79 in West Virginia, between Exits 125 and 132, opened to traffic. This five-mile section bypassed part of WV73 between Bridgeport and Fairmont, another five miles opened in July 1968, extending the highway on a bypass of downtown Fairmont to Exit 137. It was further extended 9.5 miles towards Morgantown on October 15,1970, on June 29,1970 the swap of I-79 and I-279 was approved. At the same time, I-76 was extended west from downtown Pittsburgh over former I-79 to the new location of I-79 west of Pittsburgh, on December 3,1971, I-76 was rerouted to bypass Pittsburgh, and I-279 was extended to I-79 utilizing the former section of I-76
25.
Washington, Pennsylvania
–
Washington is a city in and the county seat of Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States, within the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area in the southwestern part of the state. The population was 13,663 at the 2010 census, according to the United States Census Bureau, Washington has a total area of 3.3 square miles, all land. Delaware Indian chief Tangooqua, commonly known as Catfish, had a camp on a branch of Chartiers Creek, the French labeled the area Wissameking, meaning catfish place, as early as 1757. The area of Washington was settled by immigrants from Scotland. It was first settled by colonists around 1768, the Pennsylvania General Assembly passed an act on March 28,1781, erecting the County of Washington and naming Catfish Camp as the place for holding the first election. This was the first county in the U. S. to be named in honor of General George Washington, David Hoge laid out a plan of lots immediately after the legislatures action. There have long been rumors among locals that the town was named “Washington” because George Washington spent the night in the region once and this is not true however, Washington had never been to the area. The original plot dedicated a tract of ground to the people for recreational purposes. A lot was given for a courthouse where the current building now stands, and Lots 43 and 102, according to the plan, were presented by Hoge to His Excellency, General Washington, and Mrs. Washington. Washington, Pennsylvania, was the center for the Whiskey Rebellion of 1791, the rebellion was centered on a tax being imposed on whiskey distillation in the region. The house of David Bradford, one of the leaders of the rebellion, is now a devoted to the Whiskey Rebellion. The town was incorporated as a borough on February 13,1810, in August 1875, construction began of the 3 ft Waynesburg and Washington Railroad, conceived by John Day in 1874 and chartered in 1875. Passenger services ended in 1929, conversion to standard gauge followed in 1944, freight services ended in 1976, although part of the line still survives for access to a coal mine. The discovery of oil and natural gas among the Washington oil field caused a period from the 1800s to the early 1900s. James B. Wilson chartered the Washington Electric Street Railways in 1889 with construction beginning in November 1890, the first line was built from the Waynesburg and Washington Narrow Gauge station to Wilson Orchard, just north of the present day site of the Washington Hospital. In 1903 the Washington and Canonsburg Railway Company linked the two towns with a trolley line, the company was bought by the Philadelphia Company in 1906, later becoming part of the Pittsburgh Railway Company, linking through to Pittsburgh as part of their interurban service in 1909. The line closed on August 29,1953, a short section of the line and a number of trolley cars are preserved at the Pennsylvania Trolley Museum north of the city. As of the census of 2010, there were 13,663 people residing in the city, the population density was 4,140.3 people per square mile
26.
Interstate 81
–
Interstate 81 is an Interstate Highway in the eastern part of the United States. Interstate 81 largely traces the paths created down the length of the Appalachian Mountains by migrating animals, American Indians and it also follows a major corridor for troop movements during the Civil War. These trails and roadways gradually evolved into U. S. Route 11, Interstate 81 parallels much of the older Route 11. Being mostly rural, it is used as a trucking corridor. The Interstate 81 Corridor Coalition, a coalition, was organized to handle issues along Interstate 81, such as truck traffic. As of October 15,2008, this commission has met twice, Interstate 81 is part of the fastest route between the capital of the United States and the capital of Canada. Interstate 81 begins in Tennessee at Interstate 40 in Dandridge, a route that connects to Knoxville to the west, I-81 continues from where I-40 turns south to North Carolina. Interstate 81 in Virginia is largely a rural route with brief concurrencies with I-77, in Harrisonburg, I-81 cuts through James Madison University. It parallels its older counterpart, U. S. Route 11, Interstate 81 briefly enters the eastern panhandle of West Virginia for about 26 miles, serving the city of Martinsburg. The entire routing is in Berkeley County and serves the Eastern WV Regional Airport, the West Virginia segment was completed in 1966 and there have been no realignments since. West Virginia is currently widening Interstate 81 to six lanes from Martinsburg north to Exit 23 connecting West Virginia and Maryland. Interstate 81 passes through the state of Maryland at one of its narrowest points, being that this stretch is only 12.08 miles, this is the shortest stretch of I-81 among the states that it traverses. The Hagerstown Regional Airport is served by this interstate highway, around the state capital of Harrisburg, the route forms the northeastern section of Pennsylvanias Capital Beltway. The route then travels northeast toward the Wyoming Valley, where it serves the cities of Wilkes-Barre and Scranton, Interstate 81 enters the state of New York near Binghamton. It parallels U. S. Route 11 in a direction, through much of the state. Tennessee I‑40 near Dandridge, northeast of Knoxville I‑26 between the Tri-Cities Virginia I‑581 in Roanoke I‑77 in Wytheville, they joined for about 10 miles. I‑64 in Lexington, they joined through Staunton. US33 in Harrisonburg I‑66 in Middletown Maryland I‑70 in Hagerstown Pennsylvania I‑76 / US11 in Middlesex Township PA581 in Enola US22 / US322 in Harrisburg, i-81/US322 stays joined throughout Harrisburg
27.
Hagerstown, Maryland
–
Hagerstown /ˈheɪɡərztaʊn/ is a city in Washington County, Maryland. It is the county seat of Washington County, and the largest city in a known as Western Maryland. The population of Hagerstown city proper at the 2010 census was 39,662, Hagerstown ranks as Marylands sixth largest incorporated city. Hagerstown has a distinct topography, formed by stone ridges running from northeast to southwest through the center of town and these ridges consist of upper Stonehenge limestone. Many of the buildings were built from this stone, which is easily quarried and dressed onsite. It whitens in weathering and the conglomerate and wavy laminae become distinctly visible, giving a handsome. Brick and concrete eventually displaced this native stone in the construction process, the population of the metropolitan area in 2010 was 269,140. Greater Hagerstown is the metropolitan area in the state of Maryland. Despite its semi-rural Western Maryland setting, Hagerstown is a center of transit, interstates 81 and 70, CSX, Norfolk Southern, and the Winchester and Western railroads, and Hagerstown Regional Airport form an extensive transportation network for the city. Hagerstown has often referred to as, and is nicknamed. A person born in Hagerstown is officially called a Hagerstonian, in 1762, Hager officially founded the town of Elizabethtown which he named after his wife, Elizabeth Kershner. In 1794 government forces arrested 150 citizens during a riot which was staged by protesters in response to the Whiskey Rebellion. Hagerstowns strategic location at the border between the North and the South made the city a primary staging area and supply center for four major campaigns during the Civil War, in 1861, General Robert Pattersons troops used Hagerstown as a base to attack Virginia troops in the Shenandoah Valley. In the Maryland Campaign of 1862, General James Longstreets command occupied the town en route to the Battle of South Mountain. In 1863, the city was the site of military incursions. In 1864, Hagerstown was invaded by the Confederate army under Lt. Gen. Jubal Early, on Wednesday, July 6, Early sent 1,500 cavalry, commanded by Brig. Gen. John McCausland, into Hagerstown. The Confederates levied a ransom of $20,000 and an amount of clothing, in retribution for U. S. destruction of farms, feed. The spread of smallpox by returning soldiers to families and friends was a problem during the war
28.
Interstate 95
–
I-95 is one of the oldest routes of the Interstate Highway System, yet its completion is still dependent on a project in Pennsylvania and New Jersey that is scheduled to be finished by 2018. Currently, its role in that region has been filled in mainly by I-295, I-195, many sections of I-95 incorporated pre-existing sections of toll roads where they served the same right of way. I-95s two pieces total 1,919.74 mi, the southern terminus of I-95 is at U. S. Route 1 in Miami, Florida, while the northern terminus is at the Houlton–Woodstock Border Crossing with New Brunswick, Canada. I-95 is the longest north–south Interstate, followed by I-75, and the sixth-longest Interstate Highway overall after I-70, I-10, I-40, I-80, I-95 passes through more states than any other Interstate Highway at 15 states, followed by I-90, which crosses 13 states. Average and as densely settled as much of Western Europe and this portion of the highway was notably featured in the film Flight of the Navigator when the spaceship flew along the highway towards Miami. Today, that runs parallel with the turnpike. In the year 2010, the Florida section of I-95 had the most fatalities of all Interstate Highways, the Georgia section of Interstate 95 travels through the marshlands closely following the coastline bypassing the cities of Brunswick and Savannah. It intersects Interstate 16 and then crosses into South Carolina, the road is named the Tom P. Coleman Highway in honor of Senator Tom Coleman who served from 1981 to 1995. The exit numbers were converted from a system to a mileage based system around the year 2000. In the Carolinas, I-95 travels west of the sections and indirectly serves popular destinations such as the Outer Banks, Myrtle Beach. I-95 notably bypasses the cities of Charleston and Raleigh while intersecting major Interstate highways at Florence. I-95 also passes the South of the Border attraction immediately before crossing into North Carolina, in North Carolina, I-95 informally serves as separation between the piedmont and coastal plain regions of North Carolina. Rocky Mount, NC is a control city that is seen from signage in Virginia heading into North Carolina. After Gaston, NC, I-95 crosses into Virginia, I-95 enters the Mid-Atlantic region in Virginia and travels through some of the most populated areas along the east coast. I-95 is concurrent briefly with I-64 in the middle of Richmond before heading toward Northern Virginia, from the tunnels of Baltimore to the bridges of New York, I-95 is mostly a tolled road. A project will fill this gap using the easternmost portion of the Pennsylvania Turnpike, I-95 connects to New York via the George Washington Bridge. I-95 in New York comprises several named expressways, the Trans-Manhattan Expressway, the Cross Bronx Expressway, the Bruckner Expressway, from New Jersey, it is briefly co-signed with U. S.1 and U. S.9. There are many interchanges within this 23-mile stretch that connects New York City to Albany, Upstate New York, I-95 then becomes the New England Thruway to Connecticut, where it continues as the Connecticut Turnpike
29.
Baltimore
–
Baltimore is the largest city in the U. S. state of Maryland, and the 29th-most populous city in the country. It was established by the Constitution of Maryland and is not part of any county, thus, it is the largest independent city in the United States, with a population of 621,849 as of 2015. As of 2010, the population of the Baltimore Metropolitan Area was 2.7 million, founded in 1729, Baltimore is the second largest seaport in the Mid-Atlantic. Baltimores Inner Harbor was once the leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States. With hundreds of identified districts, Baltimore has been dubbed a city of neighborhoods, in the War of 1812, Francis Scott Key wrote The Star-Spangled Banner, later the American national anthem, in Baltimore. More than 65,000 properties, or roughly one in three buildings in the city, are listed on the National Register, more than any city in the nation. The city has 289 properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the historical records of the government of Baltimore are located at the Baltimore City Archives. The city is named after Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, of the Irish House of Lords, Baltimore Manor was the name of the estate in County Longford on which the Calvert family lived in Ireland. Baltimore is an anglicization of the Irish name Baile an Tí Mhóir, in 1608, Captain John Smith traveled 210 miles from Jamestown to the uppermost Chesapeake Bay, leading the first European expedition to the Patapsco River. The name Patapsco is derived from pota-psk-ut, which translates to backwater or tide covered with froth in Algonquian dialect, a quarter century after John Smiths voyage, English colonists began to settle in Maryland. The area constituting the modern City of Baltimore and its area was first settled by David Jones in 1661. He claimed the area today as Harbor East on the east bank of the Jones Falls stream. In the early 1600s, the immediate Baltimore vicinity was populated, if at all. The Baltimore area had been inhabited by Native Americans since at least the 10th millennium BC, one Paleo-Indian site and several Archaic period and Woodland period archaeological sites have been identified in Baltimore, including four from the Late Woodland period. During the Late Woodland period, the culture that is called the Potomac Creek complex resided in the area from Baltimore to the Rappahannock River in Virginia. It was located on the Bush River on land that in 1773 became part of Harford County, in 1674, the General Assembly passed An Act for erecting a Court-house and Prison in each County within this Province. The site of the house and jail for Baltimore County was evidently Old Baltimore near the Bush River. In 1683, the General Assembly passed An Act for Advancement of Trade to establish towns, ports, one of the towns established by the act in Baltimore County was on Bush River, on Town Land, near the Court-House
30.
U.S. Route 322
–
U. S. Route 322 is a 494 mi long, east–west United States Highway, traversing Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. The road is a spur of U. S. Route 22, a portion of it at one time was concurrent with the Lakes-to-Sea Highway. US322 begins at the intersection of Superior Avenue and East Roadway at Public Square in Downtown Cleveland, just northeast of the junction of U. S. Routes US6, US42, and State Route 3 with US422 and Ohio State Routes State Route 8, State Route 14, State Route 43, East of Public Square, the route runs eastward through midtown Cleveland conjoined with US6 along Superior Avenue. Northwest of Cleveland State University, US322 turns south onto 13th Street, exiting the commercial district, US322 interchanges Interstate 90, at exit 173. In University Circle, US322 is briefly concurrent with U. S. Route 20, US322 enters Pennsylvania from Ohio in West Shenango Township. From this point, the road continues east, forming a concurrency with U. S. Route 6 between Conneaut Lake and Meadville, interchanging with Interstate 79 and intersecting U. S. Route 19 in Meadville. In Franklin, the route crosses U. S. Route 62, continuing east, US322 interchanges with Interstate 80 near Clarion before meeting U. S. Route 119 and U. S. Route 219 south of DuBois. US322 heads southeast as a road before merging onto the Interstate 99/U. S. Route 220 freeway in Port Matilda, following that east to State College, the US322 freeway continues past I-99 before ending to the east of State College. Near Lewistown, US322 becomes a freeway again and intersects U. S. Route 22 and U. S. Route 522, the US 22/322 freeway continues across the Appalachian Mountains, meeting U. S. Route 11/U. S. Route 15 prior to crossing the Susquehanna River by way of the Clarks Ferry Bridge, the road continues south along the east bank of the river to Harrisburg, where US322 splits from US22 by heading east onto Interstate 81 and then south onto Interstate 83. At the interchange between I-83 and the terminus of Interstate 283, US322 turns east and heads to Hershey. From this point, US322 heads southeast through the Pennsylvania Dutch Country, in Downingtown, the route crosses U. S. Route 30 before heading to West Chester. Here, US322 bypasses the town and merges onto an alignment along with U. S. Route 202 that ends to the south of West Chester. US322 follows US202 until Painters Crossroads, where it turns east onto U. S. Route 1, in Concordville, US322 splits from US1 and heads southeast to Chester. In Chester, the forms a brief concurrency with Interstate 95 before heading southeast. US322 enters New Jersey via the Commodore Barry Bridge just north of Delaware and interchanges with Interstate 295, in Glassboro, it bisects Rowan University
31.
Atlantic City, New Jersey
–
Atlantic City is a resort city in New Jersey, United States, known for its casinos, boardwalk and beach. In 2010, it had a population of 39,558, incorporated on May 1,1854, from portions of Egg Harbor Township and Galloway Township, the city borders Absecon, Brigantine, Pleasantville, Ventnor City, West Atlantic City and the Atlantic Ocean. Atlantic City inspired the American version of the board game Monopoly, especially the street names, since 1921, Atlantic City has been the home of the Miss America pageant. Because of its location in South Jersey, hugging the Atlantic Ocean between marshlands and islands, Atlantic City was viewed by developers as prime real estate and a resort town. In 1853, the first commercial hotel, the Belloe House, was built at the intersection of Massachusetts, the city was incorporated in 1854, the same year in which the Camden and Atlantic Railroad train service began. Built on the edge of the bay, this served as the link of this remote parcel of land with Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. That same year, construction of the Absecon Lighthouse, designed by George Meade of the Corps of Topographical Engineers, was approved, by 1874, almost 500,000 passengers a year were coming to Atlantic City by rail. In Boardwalk Empire, The Birth, High Times, and Corruption of Atlantic City, the hotel was owned by the railroad. It was a sprawling, four-story structure built to house 2,000 guests and it opened while it was still under construction, with only one wing standing, and even that wasnt completed. By years end, when it was constructed, the United States Hotel was not only the first hotel in Atlantic City. Its rooms totaled more than 600, and its grounds covered some 14 acres, the first boardwalk was built in 1870 along a portion of the beach in an effort to help hotel owners keep sand out of their lobbies. Businesses were restricted and the boardwalk was removed each year at the end of the peak season, because of its effectiveness and popularity, the boardwalk was expanded in length and width, and modified several times in subsequent years. The historic length of the boardwalk, before the destructive 1944 Great Atlantic Hurricane, was about 7 miles and it extended from Atlantic City to Longport, through Ventnor, the first road connecting the city to the mainland at Pleasantville was completed in 1870 and charged a 30-cent toll. Albany Avenue was the first road to the mainland available without a toll, by 1878, because of the growing popularity of the city, one railroad line could no longer keep up with demand. Soon, the Philadelphia and Atlantic City Railway was also constructed to transport tourists to Atlantic City, at this point massive hotels like The United States and Surf House, as well as smaller rooming houses, had sprung up all over town. The United States Hotel took up a city block between Atlantic, Pacific, Delaware, and Maryland Avenues. These hotels were not only impressive in size, but featured the most updated amenities, in the early part of the 20th century, Atlantic City went through a radical building boom. Many of the modest boarding houses dotted the boardwalk were replaced with large hotels
32.
Utah
–
Utah is a state in the western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the U. S. on January 4,1896, Utah is the 13th-largest by area, 31st-most-populous, and 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Utah has a population of more than 3 million, approximately 80% of whom live along the Wasatch Front, Utah is bordered by Colorado to the east, Wyoming to the northeast, Idaho to the north, Arizona to the south, and Nevada to the west. It also touches a corner of New Mexico in the southeast, approximately 62% of Utahns are reported to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or LDS, which greatly influences Utahn culture and daily life. The LDS Churchs world headquarters is located in Salt Lake City, Utah is the only state with a majority population belonging to a single church. The state is a center of transportation, education, information technology and research, government services, mining, in 2013, the U. S. Census Bureau estimated that Utah had the second fastest-growing population of any state. St. George was the metropolitan area in the United States from 2000 to 2005. Utah also has the 14th highest median income and the least income inequality of any U. S. state. A2012 Gallup national survey found Utah overall to be the best state to live in based on 13 forward-looking measurements including various economic, lifestyle, the name Utah is derived from the name of the Ute tribe. It means people of the mountains in the Ute language, according to other sources Utah is derived from the Apache name Yudah which means Tall. These Native American tribes are subgroups of the Ute-Aztec Native American ethnicity and were sedentary, the Ancestral Pueblo people built their homes through excavations in mountains, and the Fremont people built houses of straw before disappearing from the region around the 15th century. Another group of Native Americans, the Navajo, settled in the region around the 18th century, in the mid-18th century, other Uto-Aztecan tribes, including the Goshute, the Paiute, the Shoshone, and the Ute people, also settled in the region. These five groups were present when the first European explorers arrived, the southern Utah region was explored by the Spanish in 1540, led by Francisco Vásquez de Coronado, while looking for the legendary Cíbola. A group led by two Catholic priests—sometimes called the Dominguez-Escalante Expedition—left Santa Fe in 1776, hoping to find a route to the coast of California, the expedition traveled as far north as Utah Lake and encountered the native residents. The Spanish made further explorations in the region, but were not interested in colonizing the area because of its desert nature, in 1821, the year Mexico achieved its independence from Spain, the region became known as part of its territory of Alta California. European trappers and fur traders explored some areas of Utah in the early 19th century from Canada, the city of Provo, Utah was named for one, Étienne Provost, who visited the area in 1825. The city of Ogden, Utah was named after Peter Skene Ogden, in late 1824, Jim Bridger became the first known English-speaking person to sight the Great Salt Lake. Due to the salinity of its waters, Bridger thought he had found the Pacific Ocean
33.
Colorado
–
Colorado is a state in the United States encompassing most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Southwestern United States, Colorado is the 8th most extensive and the 21st most populous of the 50 United States. The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Colorado was 5,540,545 on July 1,2016, the state was named for the Colorado River, which Spanish travelers named the Río Colorado for the ruddy silt the river carried from the mountains. The Territory of Colorado was organized on February 28,1861, Colorado is nicknamed the Centennial State because it became a state in the same year as the centennial of the United States Declaration of Independence. Colorado is noted for its landscape of mountains, forests, high plains, mesas, canyons, plateaus, rivers. Denver is the capital and the most populous city of Colorado, residents of the state are properly known as Coloradans, although the term Coloradoan has been used archaically and lives on in the title of Fort Collins newspaper, the Coloradoan. Colorado, Wyoming and Utah are the states which have boundaries defined solely by lines of latitude and longitude. The summit of Mount Elbert at 14,440 feet elevation in Lake County is the highest point in Colorado, Colorado is the only U. S. state that lies entirely above 1,000 meters elevation. The point where the Arikaree River flows out of Yuma County, Colorado and this point, which holds the distinction of being the highest low elevation point of any state, is higher than the high elevation points of 18 states and the District of Columbia. A little less than one half of the area of Colorado is flat, East of the Rocky Mountains are the Colorado Eastern Plains of the High Plains, the section of the Great Plains within Nebraska at elevations ranging from roughly 3,350 to 7,500 feet. The Colorado plains were mostly prairies, but they have many patches of forests, buttes. Eastern Colorado is presently covered in farmland and rangeland, along with small farming villages. Precipitation is fair, averaging from 15 to 25 inches annually, corn, wheat, hay, soybeans, and oats are all typical crops, and most of the villages and towns in this region boast both a water tower and a grain elevator. Irrigation water is available from the South Platte, the Arkansas River, and a few other streams, however, heavy use of ground water from wells for irrigation has caused underground water reserves to decline. As well as agriculture, eastern Colorado hosts considerable livestock, such as cattle ranches. Roughly 70% of Colorados population resides along the edge of the Rocky Mountains in the Front Range Urban Corridor between Cheyenne, Wyoming, and Pueblo, Colorado. This region is protected from prevailing storms that blow in from the Pacific Ocean region by the high Rockies in the middle of Colorado. The Front Range includes Denver, Boulder, Fort Collins, Loveland, Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Greeley and other townships, on the other side of the Rockies, the significant population centers in Western Colorado are the cities of Grand Junction, Durango, and Montrose
34.
Kansas
–
Kansas /ˈkænzəs/ is a U. S. state located in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka and its largest city is Wichita, Kansas is named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribes name is said to mean people of the wind or people of the south wind. For thousands of years, what is now Kansas was home to numerous, tribes in the eastern part of the state generally lived in villages along the river valleys. Tribes in the part of the state were semi-nomadic and hunted large herds of bison. When it was opened to settlement by the U. S. Thus, the area was a hotbed of violence and chaos in its early days as these forces collided. The abolitionists eventually prevailed, and on January 29,1861, after the Civil War, the population of Kansas grew rapidly when waves of immigrants turned the prairie into farmland. By 2015, Kansas was one of the most productive agricultural states, producing high yields of wheat, corn, sorghum, and soybeans. Kansas, which has an area of 82,278 square miles is the 15th largest state by area and is the 34th most populous of the 50 United States with a population of 2,911,641, residents of Kansas are called Kansans, officially. Mount Sunflower is Kansass highest point at 4,041 feet, for a millennia, the land that is currently Kansas was inhabited by Native Americans. The first European to set foot in present-day Kansas was Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, in 1803, most of modern Kansas was secured by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase. Southwest Kansas, however, was still a part of Spain, Mexico, from 1812 to 1821, Kansas was part of the Missouri Territory. The Santa Fe Trail traversed Kansas from 1821 to 1880, transporting manufactured goods from Missouri and silver and furs from Santa Fe, wagon ruts from the trail are still visible in the prairie today. In 1827, Fort Leavenworth became the first permanent settlement of white Americans in the future state, the Kansas–Nebraska Act became law on May 30,1854, establishing the U. S. territories of Nebraska and Kansas, and opening the area to broader settlement by whites. Kansas Territory stretched all the way to the Continental Divide and included the sites of present-day Denver, Colorado Springs, Missouri and Arkansas sent settlers into Kansas all along its eastern border. These settlers attempted to sway votes in favor of slavery, the secondary settlement of Americans in Kansas Territory were abolitionists from Massachusetts and other Free-Staters, who attempted to stop the spread of slavery from neighboring Missouri. Directly presaging the American Civil War, these forces collided, entering into skirmishes that earned the territory the name of Bleeding Kansas, Kansas was admitted to the United States as a free state on January 29,1861, making it the 34th state to enter the Union. He was roundly condemned by both the conventional Confederate military and the partisan rangers commissioned by the Missouri legislature and his application to that body for a commission was flatly rejected due to his pre-war criminal record
35.
Missouri
–
Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1821. With over six million residents, it is the eighteenth most populous state, the largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. The capitol is in Jefferson City on the Missouri River, the state is the twenty-first most extensive by area and is geographically diverse. The Northern Plains were once covered by glaciers, then tallgrass prairie, in the South are the Ozarks, a forested highland, providing timber, minerals, and recreation. The Mississippi River forms the border of the state, eventually flowing into the swampy Missouri Bootheel. Humans have inhabited the land now known as Missouri for at least 12,000 years, the Mississippian culture built cities and mounds, before declining in the 1300s. When European explorers arrived in the 1600s they encountered the Osage, the French established Louisiana, a part of New France, and founded Ste. Genevieve in 1735 and St. Louis in 1764, after a brief period of Spanish rule, the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Americans from the Upland South, including enslaved African Americans, rushed into the new Missouri Territory, many from Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee settled in the Boonslick area of Mid-Missouri. Soon after, heavy German immigration formed the Missouri Rhineland, Missouri played a central role in the westward expansion of the United States, as memorialized by the Gateway Arch. The Pony Express, Oregon Trail, Santa Fe Trail, as a border state, Missouris role in the American Civil War was complex and there were many conflicts within. After the war, both Greater St. Louis and the Kansas City metropolitan area became centers of industrialization and business, today, the state is divided into 114 counties and the independent city of St. Louis. Missouris culture blends elements from the Midwestern and Southern United States, the musical styles of ragtime, Kansas City jazz, and St. Louis Blues, developed in Missouri. The well-known Kansas City-style barbecue, and lesser known St. Louis-style barbecue can be found across the state, St. Louis is also a major center of beer brewing, Anheuser-Busch is the largest producer in the world. Missouri wine is produced in the nearby Missouri Rhineland and Ozarks, Missouris alcohol laws are among the most permissive in the United States. Outside of the large cities popular tourist destinations include the Lake of the Ozarks, U. S. President Harry S. Truman is from Missouri. Other well known Missourians include Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry, some of the largest companies based in the state include Express Scripts, Monsanto, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, and OReilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the Mother of the West and the Cave State, however, Missouris most famous nickname is the Show Me State, the state is named for the Missouri River, which was named after the indigenous Missouri Indians, a Siouan-language tribe
36.
Illinois
–
Illinois is a state in the midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1818. It is the 6th most populous state and 25th largest state in terms of land area, the word Illinois comes from a French rendering of a native Algonquin word. For decades, OHare International Airport has been ranked as one of the worlds busiest airports, Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics. With the War of 1812 Illinois growth slowed as both Native Americans and Canadian forces often raided the American Frontier, mineral finds and timber stands also had spurred immigration—by the 1810s, the Eastern U. S. Railroads arose and matured in the 1840s, and soon carried immigrants to new homes in Illinois, as well as being a resource to ship their commodity crops out to markets. Railroads freed most of the land of Illinois and other states from the tyranny of water transport. By 1900, the growth of jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted a new group of immigrants. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars, the Great Migration from the South established a large community of African Americans in Chicago, who created the citys famous jazz and blues cultures. Three U. S. presidents have been elected while living in Illinois, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, additionally, Ronald Reagan, whose political career was based in California, was the only U. S. president born and raised in Illinois. Today, Illinois honors Lincoln with its official slogan, Land of Lincoln. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is located in the capital of Springfield. Illinois is the spelling for the early French Catholic missionaries and explorers name for the Illinois Native Americans. American scholars previously thought the name Illinois meant man or men in the Miami-Illinois language and this etymology is not supported by the Illinois language, as the word for man is ireniwa and plural men is ireniwaki. The name Illiniwek has also said to mean tribe of superior men. The name Illinois derives from the Miami-Illinois verb irenwe·wa he speaks the regular way and this was taken into the Ojibwe language, perhaps in the Ottawa dialect, and modified into ilinwe·. The French borrowed these forms, changing the ending to spell it as -ois. The current spelling form, Illinois, began to appear in the early 1670s, the Illinois name for themselves, as attested in all three of the French missionary-period dictionaries of Illinois, was Inoka, of unknown meaning and unrelated to the other terms. American Indians of successive cultures lived along the waterways of the Illinois area for thousands of years before the arrival of Europeans, the Koster Site has been excavated and demonstrates 7,000 years of continuous habitation
37.
Indiana
–
Indiana /ɪndiˈænə/ is a U. S. state located in the midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America. Indiana is the 38th largest by area and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States and its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th U. S. state on December 11,1816, before becoming a territory, varying cultures of indigenous peoples and historic Native Americans inhabited Indiana for thousands of years. Indiana has an economy with a gross state product of $298 billion in 2012. Indiana has several areas with populations greater than 100,000. The states name means Land of the Indians, or simply Indian Land and it also stems from Indianas territorial history. On May 7,1800, the United States Congress passed legislation to divide the Northwest Territory into two areas and named the section the Indiana Territory. In 1816, when Congress passed an Enabling Act to begin the process of establishing statehood for Indiana, a resident of Indiana is officially known as a Hoosier. The first inhabitants in what is now Indiana were the Paleo-Indians, divided into small groups, the Paleo-Indians were nomads who hunted large game such as mastodons. They created stone tools made out of chert by chipping, knapping and flaking, the Archaic period, which began between 5000 and 4000 BC, covered the next phase of indigenous culture. The people developed new tools as well as techniques to cook food, such new tools included different types of spear points and knives, with various forms of notches. They made ground-stone tools such as axes, woodworking tools. During the latter part of the period, they built mounds and middens. The Archaic period ended at about 1500 BC, although some Archaic people lived until 700 BC, afterward, the Woodland period took place in Indiana, where various new cultural attributes appeared. During this period, the people created ceramics and pottery, an early Woodland period group named the Adena people had elegant burial rituals, featuring log tombs beneath earth mounds. In the middle portion of the Woodland period, the Hopewell people began developing long-range trade of goods, nearing the end of the stage, the people developed highly productive cultivation and adaptation of agriculture, growing such crops as corn and squash. The Woodland period ended around 1000 AD, the Mississippian culture emerged, lasting from 1000 until the 15th century, shortly before the arrival of Europeans. During this stage, the people created large urban settlements designed according to their cosmology, with mounds and plazas defining ceremonial
38.
Ohio
–
Ohio /oʊˈhaɪ. oʊ/ is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, the states capital and largest city is Columbus. The state takes its name from the Ohio River, the name originated from the Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state on March 1,1803, Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives, Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state, Ohios geographic location has proven to be an asset for economic growth and expansion. Because Ohio links the Northeast to the Midwest, much cargo, Ohio has the nations 10th largest highway network, and is within a one-day drive of 50% of North Americas population and 70% of North Americas manufacturing capacity. To the north, Lake Erie gives Ohio 312 miles of coastline, Ohios southern border is defined by the Ohio River, and much of the northern border is defined by Lake Erie. Ohios neighbors are Pennsylvania to the east, Michigan to the northwest, Ontario Canada, to the north, Indiana to the west, Kentucky on the south, Ohio is bounded by the Ohio River, but nearly all of the river itself belongs to Kentucky and West Virginia. Ohio has only that portion of the river between the rivers 1792 low-water mark and the present high-water mark, the border with Michigan has also changed, as a result of the Toledo War, to angle slightly northeast to the north shore of the mouth of the Maumee River. Much of Ohio features glaciated plains, with a flat area in the northwest being known as the Great Black Swamp. Most of Ohio is of low relief, but the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau features rugged hills, in 1965 the United States Congress passed the Appalachian Regional Development Act, at attempt to address the persistent poverty and growing economic despair of the Appalachian Region. This act defines 29 Ohio counties as part of Appalachia, the worst weather disaster in Ohio history occurred along the Great Miami River in 1913. Known as the Great Dayton Flood, the entire Miami River watershed flooded, as a result, the Miami Conservancy District was created as the first major flood plain engineering project in Ohio and the United States. Grand Lake St. Marys in the west central part of the state was constructed as a supply of water for canals in the era of 1820–1850. For many years this body of water, over 20 square miles, was the largest artificial lake in the world and it should be noted that Ohios canal-building projects were not the economic fiasco that similar efforts were in other states. Some cities, such as Dayton, owe their emergence to location on canals. Summers are typically hot and humid throughout the state, while winters generally range from cool to cold, precipitation in Ohio is moderate year-round
39.
West Virginia
–
West Virginia /ˌwɛst vərˈdʒɪnjə/ is a state located in the Appalachian region of the Southern United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Ohio to the northwest, Pennsylvania to the north, West Virginia is the 9th smallest by area, is ranked 38th in population, and has the second lowest household income of the 50 United States. The capital and largest city is Charleston, West Virginia was admitted to the Union on June 20,1863, and was a key Civil War border state. The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States, the unique position of West Virginia means that it is often included in several geographical regions, including the Mid-Atlantic, the Upland South, and the Southeastern United States. It is the state that is entirely within the area served by the Appalachian Regional Commission. The state is noted for its mountains and rolling hills, its historically significant logging and coal mining industries and it is one of the most densely karstic areas in the world, making it a choice area for recreational caving and scientific research. The karst lands contribute to much of the states cool trout waters and it is also known for a wide range of outdoor recreational opportunities, including skiing, whitewater rafting, fishing, hiking, backpacking, mountain biking, and hunting. Many ancient man-made earthen mounds from various mound builder cultures survive, especially in the areas of Moundsville, South Charleston. The artifacts uncovered in these give evidence of village societies and they had a tribal trade system culture that crafted cold-worked copper pieces. The Iroquois drove out other American Indian tribes from the region to reserve the upper Ohio Valley as a ground in the 1670s. Siouan language tribes such as the Moneton had also recorded in the area previously. West Virginia was originally part of the British Virginia Colony from 1607 to 1776, residents of the western and northern counties set up a separate government under Francis Pierpont in 1861, which they called the restored government. Most voted to separate from Virginia and the new state was admitted to the Union in 1863, in 1864 a state constitutional convention drafted a constitution, which was ratified by the legislature without putting it to popular vote. West Virginia abolished slavery and temporarily disfranchised men who had held Confederate office or fought for the Confederacy, West Virginias history has been profoundly affected by its mountainous terrain, numerous and vast river valleys, and rich natural resources. These were all factors driving its economy and the lifestyles of its residents, a 2010 analysis of a local stalagmite revealed that Native Americans were burning forests to clear land as early as 100 BC. Some regional late-prehistoric Eastern Woodland tribes were involved in hunting and fishing, practicing the slash. Another group progressed to the more time-consuming, advanced companion crop fields method of gardening, also continuing from ancient indigenous people of the state, field space and time was given to tobacco growing through to early historic. Maize did not make a contribution to the diet until after 1150 BP
40.
Pennsylvania
–
Pennsylvania /ˌpɛnsᵻlˈveɪnjə/, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle, Pennsylvania is the 33rd largest, the 5th most populous, and the 9th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The states five most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, Erie, the state capital, and its ninth-largest city, is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has 140 miles of shoreline along Lake Erie and the Delaware Estuary. The state is one of the 13 original founding states of the United States, it came into being in 1681 as a result of a land grant to William Penn. Part of Pennsylvania, together with the present State of Delaware, had earlier been organized as the Colony of New Sweden and it was the second state to ratify the United States Constitution, on December 12,1787. Independence Hall, where the United States Declaration of Independence and United States Constitution were drafted, is located in the states largest city of Philadelphia, during the American Civil War, the Battle of Gettysburg, was fought in the south central region of the state. Valley Forge near Philadelphia was General Washingtons headquarters during the winter of 1777–78. Pennsylvania is 170 miles north to south and 283 miles east to west, of a total 46,055 square miles,44,817 square miles are land,490 square miles are inland waters, and 749 square miles are waters in Lake Erie. It is the 33rd largest state in the United States, Pennsylvania has 51 miles of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary. Cities include Philadelphia, Reading, Lebanon and Lancaster in the southeast, Pittsburgh in the southwest, the tri-cities of Allentown, Bethlehem, the northeast includes the former anthracite coal mining communities of Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, Pittston City, and Hazleton. Erie is located in the northwest, the state has 5 regions, namely the Allegheny Plateau, Ridge and Valley, Atlantic Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and the Erie Plain. Straddling two major zones, the majority of the state, with the exception of the corner, has a humid continental climate. The largest city, Philadelphia, has characteristics of the humid subtropical climate that covers much of Delaware. Moving toward the interior of the state, the winter climate becomes colder, the number of cloudy days increase. Western areas of the state, particularly locations near Lake Erie, can receive over 100 inches of snowfall annually, the state may be subject to severe weather from spring through summer into fall. Tornadoes occur annually in the state, sometimes in large numbers, the Tuscarora Nation took up temporary residence in the central portion of Pennsylvania ca. Both the Dutch and the English claimed both sides of the Delaware River as part of their lands in America
41.
Maryland
–
The states largest city is Baltimore, and its capital is Annapolis. Among its occasional nicknames are Old Line State, the Free State, the state is named after Henrietta Maria of France, the wife of Charles I of England. George Calvert was the first Lord of Baltimore and the first English proprietor of the colonial grant. Maryland was the state to ratify the United States Constitution. Maryland is one of the smallest U. S. states in terms of area, as well as one of the most densely populated, Maryland has an area of 12,406.68 square miles and is comparable in overall area with Belgium. It is the 42nd largest and 9th smallest state and is closest in size to the state of Hawaii, the next largest state, its neighbor West Virginia, is almost twice the size of Maryland. Maryland possesses a variety of topography within its borders, contributing to its nickname America in Miniature. The mid-portion of this border is interrupted by Washington, D. C. which sits on land that was part of Montgomery and Prince Georges counties and including the town of Georgetown. This land was ceded to the United States Federal Government in 1790 to form the District of Columbia, the Chesapeake Bay nearly bisects the state and the counties east of the bay are known collectively as the Eastern Shore. Close to the town of Hancock, in western Maryland, about two-thirds of the way across the state. This geographical curiosity makes Maryland the narrowest state, bordered by the Mason–Dixon line to the north, portions of Maryland are included in various official and unofficial geographic regions. Much of the Baltimore–Washington corridor lies just south of the Piedmont in the Coastal Plain, earthquakes in Maryland are infrequent and small due to the states distance from seismic/earthquake zones. The M5.8 Virginia earthquake in 2011 was felt moderately throughout Maryland, buildings in the state are not well-designed for earthquakes and can suffer damage easily. The lack of any glacial history accounts for the scarcity of Marylands natural lakes, laurel Oxbow Lake is an over one-hundred-year-old 55-acre natural lake two miles north of Maryland City and adjacent to Russett. Chews Lake is a natural lake two miles south-southeast of Upper Marlboro. There are numerous lakes, the largest of them being the Deep Creek Lake. Maryland has shale formations containing natural gas, where fracking is theoretically possible, as is typical of states on the East Coast, Marylands plant life is abundant and healthy. Middle Atlantic coastal forests, typical of the southeastern Atlantic coastal plain, grow around Chesapeake Bay, moving west, a mixture of Northeastern coastal forests and Southeastern mixed forests cover the central part of the state
42.
Delaware
–
Delaware is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic and/or Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered to the south and west by Maryland, to the northeast by New Jersey, the state takes its name from Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, an English nobleman and Virginias first colonial governor. Delaware occupies the portion of the Delmarva Peninsula and is the second smallest, the sixth least populous. Delaware is divided into three counties, the lowest number of counties of any state, from north to south, the three counties are New Castle, Kent, and Sussex. While the southern two counties have historically been agricultural, New Castle County has been more industrialized. Before its coastline was explored by Europeans in the 16th century, Delaware was inhabited by groups of Native Americans, including the Lenape in the north. It was initially colonized by Dutch traders at Zwaanendael, near the present town of Lewes, Delaware was one of the 13 colonies participating in the American Revolution. On December 7,1787, Delaware became the first state to ratify the Constitution of the United States, the Delaware Indians, a name used by Europeans for Lenape people indigenous to the Delaware Valley, also derive their name from the same source. The surname de La Warr comes from Sussex and is of Anglo-Norman origin and it came probably from a Norman lieu-dit La Guerre. This toponymic could derive from the Latin word ager, from the Breton gwern or from the Late Latin varectum, the toponyms Gara, Gare, Gaire also appear in old texts cited by Lucien Musset, where the word gara means gore. It could also be linked with a patronymic from the Old Norse verr, Delaware is 96 miles long and ranges from 9 miles to 35 miles across, totaling 1,954 square miles, making it the second-smallest state in the United States after Rhode Island. Delaware is bounded to the north by Pennsylvania, to the east by the Delaware River, Delaware Bay, New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean, small portions of Delaware are also situated on the eastern side of the Delaware River sharing land boundaries with New Jersey. The state of Delaware, together with the Eastern Shore counties of Maryland, the definition of the northern boundary of the state is unusual. Most of the boundary between Delaware and Pennsylvania was originally defined by an arc extending 12 miles from the cupola of the courthouse in the city of New Castle and this boundary is often referred to as the Twelve-Mile Circle. This is the only nominally circular state boundary in the United States, to the west, a portion of the arc extends past the easternmost edge of Maryland. The remaining western border runs slightly east of due south from its intersection with the arc, the Wedge of land between the northwest part of the arc and the Maryland border was claimed by both Delaware and Pennsylvania until 1921, when Delawares claim was confirmed. Delaware is on a plain, with the lowest mean elevation of any state in the nation. Its highest elevation, located at Ebright Azimuth, near Concord High School, the northernmost part of the state is part of the Piedmont Plateau with hills and rolling surfaces
43.
New Jersey
–
New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. New Jersey lies entirely within the statistical areas of New York City. New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, in the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements. New Jersey was the site of decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century. In the 19th century, factories in cities such as Camden, Paterson, Newark, Trenton, around 180 million years ago, during the Jurassic Period, New Jersey bordered North Africa. The pressure of the collision between North America and Africa gave rise to the Appalachian Mountains, around 18,000 years ago, the Ice Age resulted in glaciers that reached New Jersey. As the glaciers retreated, they left behind Lake Passaic, as well as rivers, swamps. New Jersey was originally settled by Native Americans, with the Lenni-Lenape being dominant at the time of contact, scheyichbi is the Lenape name for the land that is now New Jersey. The Lenape society was divided into clans that were based upon common female ancestors. These clans were organized into three distinct phratries identified by their animal sign, Turtle, Turkey, and Wolf and they first encountered the Dutch in the early 17th century, and their primary relationship with the Europeans was through fur trade. The Dutch became the first Europeans to lay claim to lands in New Jersey, the Dutch colony of New Netherland consisted of parts of modern Middle Atlantic states. Although the European principle of ownership was not recognized by the Lenape. The first to do so was Michiel Pauw who established a patronship called Pavonia in 1630 along the North River which eventually became the Bergen, peter Minuits purchase of lands along the Delaware River established the colony of New Sweden. During the English Civil War, the Channel Island of Jersey remained loyal to the British Crown and it was from the Royal Square in St. Helier that Charles II of England was proclaimed King in 1649, following the execution of his father, Charles I. The North American lands were divided by Charles II, who gave his brother, the Duke of York, the region between New England and Maryland as a proprietary colony. James then granted the land between the Hudson River and the Delaware River to two friends who had remained loyal through the English Civil War, Sir George Carteret and Lord Berkeley of Stratton, the area was named the Province of New Jersey. Since the states inception, New Jersey has been characterized by ethnic, New England Congregationalists settled alongside Scots Presbyterians and Dutch Reformed migrants
44.
United States Numbered Highway System
–
The United States Numbered Highway System is an integrated network of roads and highways numbered within a nationwide grid in the contiguous United States. The route numbers and locations are coordinated by the American Association of State Highway, the only federal involvement in AASHTO is a nonvoting seat for the United States Department of Transportation. Generally, north-to-south highways are odd-numbered, with lowest numbers in the east, the area of the thirteen states of the United States. Similarly, east-to-west highways are typically even-numbered, with the lowest numbers in the north, where roads were first improved most intensively, major north–south routes have numbers ending in 1 while major east–west routes have numbers ending in 0. Three-digit numbered highways are spur routes of parent highways but are not necessarily connected to their parents, some divided routes exist to provide two alignments for one route, even though many splits have been eliminated. Special routes, usually posted with a banner, can provide various routes, such as an alternate, bypass or business route, Routes were designated, auto trails designated by auto trail associations were the main means of marking roads through the United States. In 1925, the Joint Board on Interstate Highways, recommended by the American Association of State Highway Officials, after several meetings, a final report was approved by the U. S. Department of Agriculture in November 1925. They received complaints from across the country about the assignment of routes, so the Board made several modifications, as a result of compromises made to get the U. S. Highway System approved, many routes were divided, with alignments to serve different towns. In subsequent years, AASHTO called for such splits in U. S, expansion of the system continued until 1956, when the Interstate Highway System was formed. After construction was completed, many U. S, Routes were replaced by Interstate Highways for through traffic. Highways still form many important regional connections, and new routes are still being added, Routes do not have a minimum design standard, unlike the later Interstate Highways, and are not usually built to freeway standards. Many are designated using the streets of the cities and towns through which they run. New additions to the system, however, must substantially meet the current AASHTO design standards, as of 1989, the United States Numbered Highways system has a total length of 157,724 miles. Except for toll bridges and tunnels, very few U. S. AASHTO policy says that a road may only be included as a special route. U. S. Route 3 meets this obligation, in New Hampshire, but US Routes in the system do use parts of four toll roads, US51 uses part of the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway in Illinois, the old road is Illinois Route 251. US278 uses the tolled Cross Island Parkway in South Carolina, US412 uses the Cimarron Turnpike in Oklahoma, the old road is US64. US412 also uses the Cherokee Turnpike in Oklahoma, the old road is Alternate US412, Routes follow a simple grid in the contiguous United States, in which odd-numbered routes run generally north to south and even-numbered routes run generally east to west
45.
K-39 (Kansas highway)
–
K-39 is a 65. 03-mile-long state highway in the U. S. state of Kansas. It is an east–west highway, and connects Fort Scott to towns in southeast Kansas, K-39 begins seven miles north of Fredonia at U. S. Highway 400. It travels east to Benedict, where it turns north toward Buffalo, south of town, K-39 meets US-75 and begins a short, one-mile-long concurrency with the U. S. Highway. Once leaving US-75, the highway travels east toward Chanute. The highway continues east 12 miles before beginning a concurrency with US-59. After briefly turning north with US-59, K-39 resumes its route north of Stark. The highway shares a short overlap with K-3 and passes through Hiattville before meeting its eastern terminus at K-7. K-39 has been at its current alignment since 1999, prior to that the western terminus was located near Elk City. The portion of the route between Elk City and Fredonia are now county owned roads, before 1956, when K-39 was modernized, a large portion of the route was unpaved and used 90 degree turns to travel northeast instead of the current diagonal alignment
46.
K-41 (Kansas highway)
–
K-41 is a 4. 960-mile-long state highway in the U. S. state of Kansas. Located entirely within Ottawa County, the runs from the eastern city limit of Delphos to U. S. Route 81. A designation of K-41 existed in the early 1930s in southwestern Kansas, the current designation was established following the older designations removal. The route begins at the city limit of Delphos, near a junction with Strickler Avenue. The road continues west through Delphos as 5th Street, heading east, the route passes by the Delphos Cemetery before an intersection with 100th Road. Following an intersection with 110th Road, K-41 dips slightly south before intersecting County Route 781, the route ends at US81 at an intersection. The road continues east as Volunteer Road toward Oak Hill, K-41 is a two-lane highway along its entire route. The route is maintained by the Kansas Department of Transportation, who is responsible for constructing and maintaining highways in the state, as part of this role, KDOT regularly surveys traffic on their highways. These surveys are most often presented in the form of average daily traffic. In 2010, KDOT calculated that around 705 vehicles used the road daily near Delphos, including 85 trucks, no part of the highway has been listed as part of the National Highway System, a network of roads important to the nations defence, mobility, and economy. The first designation for K-41 was implemented by 1927 and ran from K-12 near Protection north to US54 in Bucklin, at this time, the entire route was only a dirt road. By 1932, K-12 was truncated, which left K-41s southern terminus at US160 in Protection, by 1936, a section of the route north of Protection was surfaced with gravel. Another section from US54 to US154 which was added by that year was also improved and this route was renumbered to K-34 the next year. By January 1938, the current designation for K-41 was established along a gravel road, by 1941, the road had been paved in its entirety. Since then, the route has not undergone any designation changes, the entire route is in Ottawa County. Kansas Highway 41 at Kansas Highway Routelog
47.
Missouri State Highway System
–
State highways in Missouri were first designated in 1922 and Missouris system was used as a plan for the entire U. S. Highway system which was created in 1926. In Missouri, odd-numbered highways run north-south and even-numbered highways run east-west, Missouri also maintains a secondary set of roads, supplemental routes, which are lettered rather than numbered. Missouri has also changed highway designations with a US route or an interstate with the number is designated through the state. In some states, highways are allowed to be discontinuous, Missouri overlaps highways in order to maintain continuity. The Missouri Department of Transportation routinely uses the term Route in reference to the names of the roads, however, Missouri statutes define them as State Highways. Missourians may use the terms Route and Highway interchangeably when referring to a state road, Missouri portal U. S. Louis Metro area intelligent transportation program website Road Signs of Missouri Missouri Highways
48.
Interstate 39
–
Interstate 39 is a highway in the midwestern United States. I-39 runs from Normal, Illinois at I-55 to Wisconsin Highway 29 in Rib Mountain, Wisconsin, I-39 was designed to replace US Highway 51, which in the early 1980s was one of the busiest two-lane highways in the United States. I-39 was built in the 1980s and 1990s, in Illinois, the route has a total length of 140.82 miles. In Wisconsin, I-39 has a distance of 182 miles, with the exception of an eight-mile segment around Portage, the Interstate shares a route with at least one other route number in I-39s entirety. From Rockford to Portage, I-39 is concurrent with I-90, I-94 joins the pair in Madison until Portage. At 29 miles in length, this concurrency of three Interstates is the longest in the country, from Portage northward, US51 is co-signed with the Interstate and has exit numbers based on its mileage. In Illinois, I-39 begins at Interstate 55, north of the Bloomington-Normal, Illinois and it runs north largely through rural areas from the city of Normal. About 55 miles north of the city, I-39 crosses the Illinois River over the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Bridge, just north of the Illinois River, I-39 runs east of the cities of LaSalle and Peru before intersecting Interstate 80. North of I-80, the turbines of the Mendota Hills Wind Farm can be seen from milepost 72 at Mendota north to near Paw Paw. I-39 intersects with I-88 near Rochelle, further north, I-39 crosses the Kishwaukee River before meeting US20 on the south side of Rockford. I-39 then runs east concurrently with US20 to where the interstate joins the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway, I-39 and I-90 head north together to South Beloit. There is a toll plaza just south of Rockton Road, US51 leaves I-39/90 at Illinois 75 in South Beloit, while I-39/90 continue north into Wisconsin. For all but 1 mile that Interstate 39 is in Illinois, the southern terminus of I-39 is less than 1 mile from Interstate 74 as it runs around Normal. I-39 enters from Illinois along with I-90, passing under Stateline Road, East of the town, the route has a cloverleaf interchange that serves as the terminus for both WIS 81—which heads westward into Beloit—and I-43, which provides access to Milwaukee. I-39/I-90 has 3 interchanges that serves Beloit, the I-39/90 concurrency continues to the north and is joined by WIS11 about 7 mi north of the I-43 interchange. The route bypasses Janesville to the east, although interchanges with US14, there are 4 exits that serve Janesville. The route continues generally to the north, crossing the Rock River before having an interchange with WIS59 that provides access to Edgerton to the west, subsequently, the route enters Dane County as it passes west of Lake Koshkonong. It is joined by US51 from Edgerton and serves as the terminus of WIS73
I‑80 / US 189 in Silver Summit, UT
US 322 in Atlantic City, NJ
→
→
→
→
→
.svg)
I‑80 / US 189 in Silver Creek Junction. US 40/US 189 have a hidden concurrency to Heber City.
US 191 in Duchesne. The highways travel concurrently to Vernal.
US 34 in Granby
I‑70 / US 6 east of Empire. The highways travel concurrently to east of Idaho Springs, and intersect again in Golden. There are numerous intersections and overlaps of US 40 and I-70 between here and Maryland.
US 287 in Denver. The highways travel concurrently to east of Kit Carson.
I‑25 / US 85 / US 87 in Denver
I‑225 in Aurora
I‑70 / US 36 in Aurora. I-70/US 40 travels concurrently to Limon. US 36/US 40 travel concurrently to Byers.
US 24 west-northwest of Limon. The highways travel concurrently to east-southeast of Limon.
US 385 in Cheyenne Wells. The highways travel concurrently to east of Cheyenne Wells.
US 83 in Oakley. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
US 283 in WaKeeney
US 183 in Hays
US 281 south of Russell
I‑135 / US 81 northwest of Salina
US 77 in Junction City
I‑470 / US 75 in Topeka. US 40/US 75 travels concurrently through the city.
US 59 in Lawrence. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
US 73 on the Kansas City–Bonner Springs city line. The highways travel concurrently into Bonner Springs proper.
I‑435 on the Edwardsville–Kansas City city line
I‑635 in Kansas City
US 69 in Kansas City. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
I‑670 in Kansas City
US 69 / US 169 in Kansas City. US 40/US 169 travels concurrently to Kansas City, Missouri.
I‑35 in Kansas City. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
I‑29 / I‑35 / I‑70 / US 24 / US 71 in Kansas City. US 40/US 71 travels concurrently through Kansas City.
US 65 south of Marshall
US 63 in Columbia
US 54 in Kingdom City
I‑64 / I‑70 / US 61 in Wentzville. I-64/US 40 travels concurrently to East St. Louis, Illinois. US 40/US 61 travels concurrently to the Frontenac–Ladue city line.
I‑270 in Town and Country
US 61 / US 67 on the Frontenac–Ladue city line
I‑170 in Richmond Heights
I‑44 / I‑55 in St. Louis. I-55/US 40 travels concurrently to Troy, Illinois.
I‑255 in Collinsville
US 51 in Vandalia. The highways travel concurrently to east of Vandalia.
US 45 in Effingham. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
US 41 / US 150 in Terre Haute
US 231 north-northwest of Cloverdale
I‑69 in Indianapolis. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
I‑65 in Indianapolis
I‑74 / US 421 in Indianapolis. US 40/US 421 travels concurrently through the city.
US 52 in Indianapolis. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
US 27 in Richmond
I‑70 / US 35 in Richmond, IN, and Jefferson Township, OH
US 127 in Monroe Township
I‑75 in Vandalia
US 68 west of Springfield
US 42 in Lafayette
US 23 / US 33 / US 62 in Columbus. US 40/US 62 travels concurrently through the city.
I‑71 in Columbus
US 22 in Zanesville. The highways travel concurrently to Cambridge.
I‑77 in Cambridge Township
US 250 in Bridgeport. The highways travel concurrently to Wheeling, West Virginia.
US 19 in Washington. The highways travel concurrently to South Strabane Township.
I‑79 in Amwell Township
US 119 in Uniontown. The highways travel concurrently to South Union Township.
I‑68 / US 219 in Keysers Ridge. I-68/US 40 travels concurrently to Hancock. US 40/US 219 travels concurrently to east-southeast of Grantsville.
US 220 in Cumberland. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
I‑68 / I‑70 / US 522 north-northwest of Hancock. I-70/US 40 travels concurrently to Indian Springs. US 40/US 522 travels concurrently to Hancock.
I‑81 in Hagerstown
US 11 in Hagerstown
US 15 in Frederick. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
US 15 / US 340 in Frederick
US 29 in Ellicott City
I‑695 in Catonsville
I‑895 in Baltimore
I‑95 in Baltimore
US 301 in Glasgow
US 13 in State Road. The highways travel concurrently to Wilmington Manor.
US 202 in Wilmington Manor
US 130 in Pennsville Township
US 322 in Hamilton Township. The highways travel concurrently to Atlantic City.
US 9 in Pleasantville
