1.
Ultimate Spider-Man (video game)
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Ultimate Spider-Man is a 2005 video game by Activision, based on the comic book of the same name by Brian Michael Bendis and Mark Bagley. The game was released on most sixth generation consoles, including Nintendo DS, GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox, Microsoft Windows, the game begins with a recap of Spider-Man explaining how his and Eddie Brocks fathers worked together to find a cure for cancer. After signing a contract with Trask Industries, they lost ownership of the suit and this Venom suit would be capable of healing the wearer. The dangerous and incomplete Venom suit is kept by Trask Industries after Eddie Brock Sr. years later, Eddie Brock Jr. and Peter Parker reunite and discover the Venom suit is their inheritance. After finding out the way his dad had been cheated by Trask Industries, Spider-Man breaks into the vault containing the Venom suit and is covered by a portion of it, creating his black suit. It enhanced his abilities to new levels, but the suit tried consuming him. Adrian Toomes witnesses this confrontation from inside a laundromat, contacting someone, three months later, Parker has resumed his normal life. Spider-Man ends up in a race against the Human Torch throughout Queens. Meanwhile, Eddie, who survived their last confrontation, has been forced to feed on the life energy of random civilians in Central Park. He proves his strength in a violent fight with Wolverine, trashing a bar, while at Midtown Highs library, Mary Jane Watson listens to a radio broadcast of a large rhinoceros monster rampaging through Queens, imploring Peter to go and investigate. After following the trail of destruction, Spider-Man discovers it is R. H. I. N. O. That night, Silver Sable and her Wild Pack, having been contracted by Bolivar Trask to retrieve his property, attack Venom, during a field trip to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Peter gets his violent headaches again and suits up. Eddie is nearby and, detecting Spider-Man, transforms into Venom, the fight proves a challenge for Spider-Man, since getting too close to Venom for too long activates his headaches, but he still manages to defeat Venom. Venom is captured by Silver Sable, Spidey assumes Sable works for S. H. I. E. L. D, kept imprisoned in an energy cage, Bolivar Trask and Adrian Toomes convince Eddie to test the suit for them as they knew Eddie and Peters parents. His first test is to battle Electro, Venom chases Electro all the way to Times Square. Seeing the fight from inside the Daily Bugle, Spider-Man confronts Electro, before Electro can kill the unconscious Spider-Man, Venom attacks him, as he believes Spider-Man is his to kill. Electro powers up using the signs in Times Square but is no match for Venom. Reaching for Spider-Man, Venom is interrupted by the arrival of S. H. I. E. L. D, nick Fury wakes up Spider-Man as S. H. I. E. L. D
2.
Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man
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Ultimate Comics, Spider-Man was an ongoing monthly comic book series published by Marvel Comics that debuted in September 2011 as part of the second re-launch of the Ultimate Marvel imprint. It followed the Death of Spider-Man storyline that concluded the series Ultimate Spider-Man, to which Ultimate Comics, the series was set in a continuity shared with other relaunched Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate Comics, X-Men and Ultimate Comics, Ultimates. The title ended in October 2013, the adventures of Miles continue in Miles Morales, Miles Morales/Spider-Man, Currently lives with both his parents, though he also attends a charter school and roommates with his best friend Ganke and another student named Judge. He has managed to meet a few members of the former Spider-Man cast, including Gwen Stacy, Mary Jane, Aunt May, Spider-Woman, Gwen Stacy, Now living a normal life, having briefly dated Peter Parker prior to his death. May Parker, Aunt of the deceased Peter Parker, jessica Drew/Spider-Woman, A female clone of Peter Parker, sharing most of his memories. Norman Osborn/Green Goblin, Spider-Mans oldest nemesis, thought to be dead, he returns and breaks the Ultimate Six out of the Triskelion to kill Peter Parker, calling themselves the Men of God. Max Dillon/Electro, A former criminal empowered with electrokinesis by Hammer Industries, freed from prison by Osborn to kill Peter Parker. Tinkerer, An evil scientist who tries to get revenge on the Roxxon Company, Aaron Davis/Prowler, A cat burglar named Aaron Davis, brother of Miles father Jefferson, and Miles paternal uncle. Maximus Gargan/The Scorpion, A Mexican mob boss named Maximus Gargan that worked with Miles Morales uncle Aaron Davis aka The Prowler, edward Brock Jr. /Venom, Peter Parkers childhood friend, bonded to a protoplasmic, semi-sentient black suit known as a Symbiote. Omega Red, A mutant zealot who was created by Weapon X, reviewing the first issue, James Hunt of Comic Book Resources rated issue #1 four and a half out of five stars. Hunt called the issue technically strong, and praised the writing, although Hunt noted that while Bendis paced Miles origin story slowly enough that Miles does not yet appear in costume, he did so in order to emphasize character, which Hunt felt Bendis did well. Reviewing the same issue for Newsarama, David Pepose wrote that the biggest victory that Bendis scores with Miles Morales is that he makes us care about him, and care about him quickly. Even though were still scratching the surface of what makes him tick, were seeing the world through his eyes, but that kind of Parker-style guilt — that neurotic, nearly masochistic tendency for self-sacrifice that comes with great power and greater responsibility — is still intact. Jesse Schedeen of IGN wrote that Miles still feels like a bit of an outsider in his own book, Bendis never quite paints a complete picture of Miles - his thoughts, motivations, personality quirks, and so forth. Miles is largely a reactionary figure throughout the book as he confronts struggles like registering for a school or dealing with family squabbles. Schedeen also opined that Miles occupies a more urban, racially diverse, all the story doesnt pander or lean too heavily on elements like racial and economic tension to move forward. Miles is simply a character who speaks to a slightly different teen experience, and one not nearly as well represented in superhero comics as Peters
3.
Ultimate Spider-Man (TV series)
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Ultimate Spider-Man is an American animated television series based on the Spider-Man comics published by Marvel Comics. The series featured such as Brian Michael Bendis, Paul Dini. The third season was retitled Marvels Ultimate Spider-Man, Web Warriors, at New York Comic Con 2016, it was confirmed that Season 4 will be the series final season, making way for a new series titled Marvels Spider-Man. The series ended on January 7,2017, with the two-part Graduation Day episode, Peter Parker has been Spider-Man for one year. He has saved lives and fought supervillains, but he is still in the process of learning how to be a superhero, offers Peter the chance to train to be a real superhero and become The Ultimate Spider-Man. However, Peter will first have to learn how to work with a team of four fellow teenage superheroes, Nova, White Tiger, Iron Fist and Power Man. During the first season, corrupt industrialist Norman Osborn targets Spider-Man in the shadows in hopes of collecting his DNA to make an army to sell to the government. In the second season, following the fight with the Green Goblin which resulted in the destruction of the S. H. I. E. L. D. Helicarrier, Spider-Mans team ends up staying at Peter Parkers house. H. I. E. L. D. Later, Doc Ock controls Lizard so that he can join him, Electro, Rhino, Kraven the Hunter, while Spider-Man and his team are able to defeat the Sinister Six, Lizard gets away, and Spider-Man swears to find and cure him. During the season, Spider-Man learns more about his teammates origins. H. I. E. L. D. After this, the symbiote bonds with Flash Thompson to become Agent Venom. At the same time, Green Goblin hires Taskmaster to find the heroes before Spider-Man does. Spider-Man manages to recruit Ka-Zar and his pet smilodon Zabu from the Savage Land, after both are defeated and the alternate Spider-Men return to their homes, Goblin reverts into Norman Osborn and ends up suffering amnesia, making him forget his time as the Goblin. Afterwards, Spider-Man and his team begin their education at the S. H. I. E. L. D, academy located at the Triskelion while dealing with the reawakened Arnim Zola. Not long afterwards, Spider-Man gets involved in a contest between the Collector and the Grandmaster for the fate of Earth, during this time, Aunt May, Agent Venom, and Iron Spider learn of Spider-Mans identity. As the fourth and final season begins, Doctor Octopus allies himself with Arnim Zola and HYDRA, when Doctor Octopus attempts to turn Norman Osborn back into Green Goblin, he finds that Osborn injected himself with an anti-Goblin serum to prevent further transformations. Doctor Octopus then uses the Siege Perilous to summon the Green Goblins demonic winged counterpart from Miles Moraless universe and he bribes Rhino into becoming a spy for him while operating as a student at the S. H. I. E. L. D
4.
Joe Quesada
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Joseph Joe Quesada is an American comic book editor, writer and artist. He became known in the 1990s for his work on various Valiant Comics books, such as Ninjak and Solar, in 1998 he became an editor of Marvel Comics Marvel Knights line, before becoming editor-in-chief of the company in 2000. He was named Chief Creative Officer of Marvel Entertainment in 2010 and left his role in January 2011. He was, at his retirement, the longest-serving Marvel editor-in-chief other than Stan Lee, as the character resonated with him, Spider-Man remains a character he particularly enjoys drawing. Quesada majored in illustration at the School of Visual Arts, from which he graduated with a BFA in 1984, Quesada started out as a freelance artist for Valiant Comics in the early 1990s. His first widely distributed works were for Valiant Comics, specifically penciled interiors and covers for Ninjak, Solar, Man of the Atom and his art was heavily influenced by Alex Toth, Mike Mignola and Alphonse Mucha. At DC Comics, he and writer Jack C. Harris co-created an updated version of the Golden Age character the Ray, Quesada co-created the character Azrael with writer Dennis ONeil in the Batman, Sword of Azrael miniseries in 1992. Later, Quesada and his inking partner Jimmy Palmiotti, formed a company, Event Comics, and co-created Ash. Quesada cites his experience with Event, and the creators he formed relationships with during that period as that which best prepared him for the later role of Marvels editor in chief. Mack, Mike Oeming, Brian Michael Bendis, Garth Ennis, Quesada also illustrated a Daredevil story written by film director Kevin Smith. Two and a years after starting Marvel Knights, Joe Quesada became editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics in 2000. At the same time, Bill Jemas succeeded to the presidency of the company, the relationship culminated in the establishment of the Ultimate line of Marvel titles, which were aimed at teenagers and took place outside of the restrictive continuity of the Marvel Universe. In the mid-2000s, Quesada imposed a moratorium on the practice of bringing back characters thought to be dead. Joe Quesadas predecessor as Marvel editor in chief, Bob Harras, in June 2009 Quesada began writing a weekly column for Comic Book Resources called Cup O Joe, in which he answers questions every Friday from readers or provides information on Marvel projects. Also at issue was the slogans on some of the held by the protestors. Quesada stated that future reprints of that story would have the offending material omitted, on June 2,2010 Marvel announced that it promoted Joe Quesada to Chief Creative Officer of Marvel Entertainment. In this position Quesada will help ensure that all portrayals of Marvels characters and he will also oversee the creative aspects of media adaptations of Marvel properties, which include participating in story and script development. On January 4,2011, Quesada stepped down as editor-in-chief, during this time, Tom and Axel have been handling the more detailed functions of the stories within our comics
5.
Marvel Comics
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Marvel Comics is the common name and primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc. formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, an American publisher of comic books and related media. In 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Marvel Worldwides parent company, Marvel started in 1939 as Timely Publications, and by the early 1950s had generally become known as Atlas Comics. Marvels modern incarnation dates from 1961, the year that the company launched The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. Most of Marvels fictional characters operate in a reality known as the Marvel Universe. Martin Goodman founded the later known as Marvel Comics under the name Timely Publications in 1939. Martin Goodman, a magazine publisher who had started with a Western pulp in 1933, was expanding into the emerging—and by then already highly popular—new medium of comic books. The issue was a success, with it and a second printing the following month selling, combined. While its contents came from an outside packager, Funnies, Inc, Timely had its own staff in place by the following year. It, too, proved a hit, with sales of one million. Goodman formed Timely Comics, Inc. beginning with comics cover-dated April 1941 or Spring 1941, Goodman hired his wifes cousin, Stanley Lieber, as a general office assistant in 1939. Lee wrote extensively for Timely, contributing to a number of different titles, Goodmans business strategy involved having his various magazines and comic books published by a number of corporations all operating out of the same office and with the same staff. One of these companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55. As well, some covers, such as All Surprise Comics #12, were labeled A Marvel Magazine many years before Goodman would formally adopt the name in 1961. The post-war American comic market saw superheroes falling out of fashion and this globe branding united a line put out by the same publisher, staff and freelancers through 59 shell companies, from Animirth Comics to Zenith Publications. Atlas also published a plethora of childrens and teen humor titles, including Dan DeCarlos Homer the Happy Ghost, Atlas unsuccessfully attempted to revive superheroes from late 1953 to mid-1954, with the Human Torch, the Sub-Mariner, and Captain America. Atlas did not achieve any hits and, according to Stan Lee, Atlas survived chiefly because it produced work quickly, cheaply. During this time, the Comic Code Authority made its debut in September 1954, Wertham published the book Seduction of the Innocent in order to force people to see that comics were impacting American youth. He believed violent comics were causing children to be reckless and were turning them into delinquents, in September 1954, comic book publishers got together to set up their own self-censorship organization—the Comics Magazine Association of America—in order to appease audiences
6.
Ultimate Spider-Man
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Ultimate Spider-Man is a superhero comic book series that was published by Marvel Comics from 2000 to 2009. The series is a modernized re-imagining of Marvels long-running Spider-Man comic book franchise as part of its Ultimate Marvel imprint, Ultimate Spider-Man exists alongside other revamped Marvel characters in Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate X-Men, Ultimate Fantastic Four, and The Ultimates. Peter Parker is a science prodigy who lives in Queens. He is bitten by a genetically altered spider and inherits its powers, including enhanced strength, agility and reflexes. When an armed thief, whom Peter had a chance to stop earlier but did not, kills his Uncle Ben, he feels guilty and dedicates his life to fighting crime as the costumed vigilante Spider-Man. Peter tries to balance school, a job, a girlfriend, his life with his widowed aunt May. This duo continued to collaborate until issue #111, when Mark Bagley left the book and was replaced by Stuart Immonen. Bendis and Bagleys run on Ultimate Spider-Man set the record for longest continual run on a Marvel Comics series by two people, a previously held by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby on Fantastic Four. After issue #133, the series was relaunched, still written by Brian Michael Bendis with art provided by David Lafuente and it resumed the Ultimate Spider-Man title with issue #3 and continued with the original numbering the 16th issue even though the series was again cancelled with #160. It relaunched as Ultimate Comics, Spider-Man and features Miles Morales, the direct edition of Ultimate Spider-Man #1 is a highly sought after comic book and considered to be one of the most valuable comic books of the Modern Age. Ultimate Spider-Man was the first series to be published in the Ultimate Marvel line, though Spider-Mans original origin story in Amazing Fantasy #15 was only 11 pages long, Bendiss retelling of Spider-Mans origin was seven issues long. Bagley was at first wary of Bendis notoriously slow pace in advancing plot, previously, Jemas intended the comic to feature single-issue stories only, but Bendis chose to make each story roughly six issues long. The first several issues were greeted with enthusiasm from fans and critics, sold well, after the release of Ultimate Spider-Man, Quesada and Jemas broadened the Ultimate Marvel line with The Ultimates and Ultimate Fantastic Four. Ultimate Spider-Man #1 was voted the ninth-greatest Marvel Comic of All Time in 2001 by readers of Wizard, in addition to critical success, Ultimate Spider-Man grew to outsell the flagship Spider-Man title, Amazing Spider-Man. Bendis would later describe issue #13, in which Peter tells Mary Jane his secret identity, as the series progressed within the next two years, reception and sales stayed strong, helped by the fact that Bendis and Bagley quickly found chemistry and enjoyed working together. Over the years, many characters were introduced, often with different origins, costumes. On August 16,2006, Mark Bagley announced he would be leaving the book as of Ultimate Spider-Man #110, Bagley and writer Brian Michael Bendis had worked on the series together since it began. Artist Stuart Immonen, already familiar with the Ultimate Universe from his work on Ultimate Fantastic Four and Ultimate X-Men, issue #111, named The Talk, featured Immonens art for the first time
7.
Brian Michael Bendis
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Brian Michael Bendis is an American comic book writer and artist. He has won acclaim, including five Eisner Awards for both his creator-owned work and his work on various Marvel Comics books. Starting out with crime and noir comics, Bendis eventually moved to mainstream superhero work, with Bill Jemas and Mark Millar, Bendis was the primary architect of the Ultimate Marvel Universe, launching Ultimate Spider-Man in 2000, on which he continues as writer. He relaunched the Avengers franchise with New Avengers in 2004, and has written the Marvel event storylines Secret War, House of M, Secret Invasion. In addition to writing comics he has worked in television, video games and film and he has also occasionally taught at Portland State University. In 2014, Bendis wrote Words for Pictures, a book about comics published by Random House, brian Michael Bendis was born on August 18,1967 in Cleveland, Ohio to a Jewish-American family. Bendis grew up in University Heights where, despite rebelling against a religious upbringing, he attended the Hebrew Academy of Cleveland, a private, modern Orthodox religious school for boys. He decided he wanted to be a book industry professional when he was 13, working on his own comics. A fan of Marvel Comics in particular, he emulated idols such as George Pérez, John Romita, Sr. John Romita, Jr. Jack Kirby and Klaus Janson. These in turn led him to discover the documentary Visions of Light, which taught him the explicit rules of film noir. At 19, Bendis began attending the Cleveland Institute of Art, Best known as a writer, Bendis started out as an artist, doing work for local magazines and newspapers, including caricature work. He worked at The Plain Dealer as an illustrator, although he did not enjoy caricature work, it paid well and funded his interest in writing crime fiction for graphic novels. He eventually moved into writing and illustrating his work, before he began producing work for Caliber Comics, including Spunky Todd. K. A. Most of these works share a common universe, with Goldfish, Fire, Jinx, Torso and Total Sell Out sharing characters. In 1996/1997, Bendis moved from Caliber to Image Comics, where Jinx, at Image, he also produced five more issues of Jinx. Goldfish, Image founder Todd McFarlane sought out Bendis, which led to his writing Sam, although set in the Spawn universe, Bendis approached Sam and Twitch primarily as a crime comic. He wrote Sam and Twitch for twenty issues, as well as most of the first ten issues of Hellspawn and that same year saw the debut of the superhero police/noir detective series Powers, co-created with and drawn by Michael Avon Oeming and published by Image. Powers won major comics industry awards, including Harvey, Eisner, around the time Bendis began Sam and Twitch, his friend David Mack began working for Joe Quesadas Marvel Knights imprint, of which Bendis was a fan
8.
Penciller
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A penciller is a collaboration artist who works in creation of comic books, graphic novels, and similar visual art forms, with focus on primary pencil illustrations, hence the term penciller. In the American comic book industry, the penciller is the first step in rendering the story in visual form and these artists are concerned with layout to showcase steps in the plot. Beyond this basic description, however, different artists choose to use a variety of different tools. While many artists use traditional wood pencils, others prefer mechanical pencils or drafting leads, still other artists do their initial layouts using a light-blue colored pencil because that color tends to disappear during photocopying. Most US comic book pages are drawn oversized on large sheets of paper, the customary size of comic book pages in the mainstream American comics industry is 11 by 17 inches. The inker usually works directly over the pencil marks, though occasionally pages are inked on translucent paper, such as drafting vellum. The artwork is later reduced in size during the printing process. With the advent of digital illustration programs such as Photoshop, more and more artwork is produced digitally, Jack Kirby From 1949 until his retirement, Jack Kirby worked out of a ten-foot-wide basement studio dubbed The Dungeon by his family. When starting with clean piece of Bristol board, would first draw his lines with a T-square. Arthur Adams Arthur Adams begins drawing thumbnail layouts from the script hes given, the thumbnails range in size from 2 inches x 3 inches to half the size of the printed comic book. When working on the illustration board, he does so on a large drawing board when in his basement studio. After tracing the thumbnails, he will then clarify details with another light-blue pencil, for a large poster image with a multitude of characters, he will go over the figure outlines with a marker in order to emphasize them. He will use photographic reference when appropriate, as when he draws things that he is not accustomed to, because a significant portion of his income is derived from selling his original artwork, he is reluctant to learn how to produce his work digitally. Jim Lee Artist Jim Lee is known to use F lead for his pencil work and he uses this lead because it strikes a balance between too hard, and therefore not dark enough on the page, and too soft, and therefore prone to smearing and crumbling. Campbell avoids its closest competitor because he finds it too waxy, campbell has also used HB lead and F lead. He maintains sharpness of the lead with a Berol Turquoise sharpener, changing them every four to six months, campbell uses a combination of Magic Rub erasers, eraser sticks, and since he began to ink his work digitally, a Sakura electric eraser. He often sharpens the eraser to an edge in order to render fine detailed work. Travis Charest Artist Travis Charest uses mainly 2H lead to avoid smearing and he previously illustrated on regular illustration board provided by publishers, though he disliked the non-photo blue lines printed on them
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Mark Bagley
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Mark Bagley is an American comic book artist. He has worked for Marvel Comics on such titles as The Amazing Spider-Man, Thunderbolts, New Warriors, Mark Bagley was born to a military family in Frankfurt, West Germany. After his work in the military and at Ringling College of Art and Design, while working a construction job, he suffered a severe injury to his leg while using a handsaw that required 132 stitches. He eventually ended up working for Lockheed Martin making technical drawings, in 1983, Marvel Comics Editor-in-Chief Jim Shooter created the Marvel Try-out Book to draw new talent into the comic book industry. The contest involved a comic book which contestants could complete. The winner would be awarded a professional assignment with Marvel, at the time, Bagley was 27 years old and living in Marietta, Georgia. He had almost given up on trying to find a job in comics and was satisfied with his position at Lockheed Martin, Bagley was reluctant to enter the contest because of the cost of the Try-out Book itself. His friend, Cliff Biggers, gave him the book and persuaded Bagley to enter the contest, Bagley won first place for penciling, finishing ahead of thousands of other hopefuls. After winning the contest, he didnt hear from Marvel for several months, after approaching Shooter at a comic convention, Bagley was assigned to a series of low-profile penciling jobs. In 1989, Tom DeFalco and Ron Frenz created a team of superheroes called the New Warriors. The following year, Marvel launched a new series based on heroes and assigned Bagley. Bagley stayed on the title until #25, at which point he left to transition directly onto The Amazing Spider-Man, when Erik Larsen left The Amazing Spider-Man in 1991, Bagley was assigned to the title. He and David Michelinie introduced the Carnage character in The Amazing Spider-Man #361 and produced the Venom, Bagley was one of the artists on the Maximum Carnage and Clone Saga storylines which ran through the Spider-Man titles. In 2012, Comic Book Resources ranked Bagley fourth on its list of the 50 Greatest Spider-Man Creators, in 2000, Marvels then-publisher Bill Jemas was looking to relaunch Marvels primary franchises in a way that would make them accessible to newer readers. Ultimate Spider-Man would be a title that began the Spider-Man mythos from the set in modern times. Bagley was assigned to Ultimate Spider-Man with writer Brian Michael Bendis, Bagley collaborated with Bendis on The Pulse and a four-issue arc on Mighty Avengers. Bagleys long and successful run on Ultimate Spider-Man earned him recognition in Wizard magazines top ten artists of the 2000s in Wizard #219. Ranked #2 on the list, article writer Mark Allen Haverty noted of Bagley, no other artist came close to the number of comics Bagley sold, in 2008, Bagley signed an exclusive three-year contract with DC Comics
10.
Stuart Immonen
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Stuart Immonen is a Canadian comic book artist. He is best known for his work on Nextwave, Ultimate X-Men, The New Avengers and his pencils are usually inked by Wade Von Grawbadger. Stuart Immonen grew up in a Finnish family in Canada, the first comics he read as a child were Disney comics and Harvey Comics. He would later seek out superhero comics from Marvel Comics, sporadic distribution in the 1970s and 1980s led to the development of an eclectic sense of taste in titles, as he was often only able to find a few issues available per series. A later increase in self-publishing in Toronto spurred him to pursue a career in following his studies at university. In 1988, he self-published a series titled Playground, it was his first published work. From 1990 through 1992, he drew issues of Rock N Roll Comics for Revolutionary Comics, including issues on Prince,2 Live Crew and Public Enemy, ZZ Top, Anthrax. He worked at several comic book companies before being hired by DC Comics in 1993. Since then, Immonen has drawn such high-profile characters as Superman, the Hulk, stuart Immonen has also done work for Top Cow and Image Comics. In 1996, writer Karl Kesel and Immonen produced The Final Night limited series and that same year, Immonen was one of the many creators who contributed to the Superman, The Wedding Album one-shot wherein the title character married Lois Lane. Immonen wrote and drew part of the Superman Red/Superman Blue one-shot which launched the storyline of the name which ran through the various Superman titles. Immonen ended his involvement with the Superman franchise with the Superman, End of the Century graphic novel in 2000 but returned to the character for the Superman. In 2000, Immonen was one of the founders of Gorilla Comics, Immonen and Busiek collaborated on the Shockrockets limited series and the Superstar, As Seen on TV one-shot but the company folded after a short time. In 2005, Immonen published 50 Reasons to Stop Sketching at Conventions, besides self-publishing, Immonen also maintains a webcomic called Never as Bad as You Think which is co-authored by his wife, Kathryn. Moving Pictures - a webcomic co-authored by the Immonens - was published as a novel by Top Shelf Productions in 2010. Immonen illustrated Marvel Comics Ultimate Spider-Man from issue #111. to issue #133 and he subsequently worked on The New Avengers, from issue #55 to issue #64. He continued to be the series artist when The New Avengers relaunched during the Heroic Age storyline, and was the regular artist for the first seven issues, in 2011 Immonen illustrated Marvels Fear Itself miniseries, which formed the core of a company-wide crossover storyline of the same name. In November 2012 he and writer Brian Michael Bendis started the series All-New X-Men, in 2010, Immonen won the Joe Shuster Award for Outstanding Artist
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Superhero
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A female superhero is sometimes called a superheroine. Fiction centered on characters, especially in American comic books since the 1930s, is known as superhero fiction. By most definitions, characters do not require actual supernatural or superhuman powers or phenomena to be deemed superheroes, some superheroes use their powers to counter daily crime while also combating threats against humanity from supervillains, who are their criminal counterparts. Often at least one of these supervillains will be the superheros archenemy, some long-running superheroes such as Iron Man, Captain America, Superman, Wonder Woman, Batman, and Spider-Man have a rogues gallery of many villains. The word superhero dates to at least 1917, antecedents of the archetype include such folkloric heroes as Robin Hood, who adventured in distinctive clothing. The 1903 play The Scarlet Pimpernel and its spinoffs popularized the idea of a masked avenger, during the 1940s there were many superheroes, and only a few of these were female. The Flash, Green Lantern and Blue Beetle debuted in this era, most of the other female costumed crime-fighters during this era lacked superpowers. The most iconic comic book superheroine, who debuted during the Golden Age, is Wonder Woman, inspired by the Amazons of Greek mythology, she was created by psychologist William Moulton Marston, with help and inspiration from his wife Elizabeth and their mutual lover Olive Byrne. Wonder Womans first appearance was in All Star Comics #8, published by All-American Publications, in 1952, Osamu Tezukas manga Tetsuwan Atom was published. The series focused upon a robot boy built by a scientist to replace his deceased son, the 1950s saw the Silver Age of Comics. During this era DC introduced the likes of Batwoman in 1956, Supergirl, Miss Arrowette,1958 saw the debut of superhero Moonlight Mask on Japanese television. In 1963, Astro Boy was adapted into a highly influential anime television series, Phantom Agents in 1964 focused on ninjas working for the Japanese government and would be the foundation for Sentai-type series. Another important event was the debut of Mazinger Z by Go Nagai, Go Nagai also wrote the manga Cutey Honey in 1973, although the Magical Girl genre already existed, Nagais manga introduced Transformation sequences that would become a staple of Magical Girl media. The dark Skull Man manga would later get a television adaptation, the protagonist was redesigned resemble a grasshopper, becoming the renowned first masked hero of the Kamen Rider series. Kamen Rider is a motorcycle riding hero in an insect-like costume, both major publishers began introducing new superheroines with a more distinct feminist theme as part of their origin stories or character development. Examples include Big Barda, Power Girl, and the Huntress by DC comics, and from Marvel, the second Black Widow, Shanna the She-Devil, and The Cat. In 1975 Shotaro Ishinomoris Himitsu Sentai Gorenger debuted on what is now TV Asahi, it brought the concepts of multi-colored teams, in 1978, Toei adapted Spider-Man into a live-action series. In subsequent decades, popular characters like Dazzler, She-Hulk, Elektra, Catwoman, Witchblade, Spider-Girl, Batgirl, volume 4 of the X-Men comic book series featured an all-female team as part of the Marvel NOW. branding initiative in 2013
12.
Spider-Man
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Spider-Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and writer-artist Steve Ditko, when Spider-Man first appeared in the early 1960s, teenagers in superhero comic books were usually relegated to the role of sidekick to the protagonist. Marvel has featured Spider-Man in several book series, the first. In the 2010s, he joins the Avengers, Marvels flagship superhero team, Spider-Mans nemesis Doctor Octopus also took on the identity for a story arc spanning 2012–2014, following a body swap plot in which Peter appears to die. Spider-Man is one of the most popular and commercially successful superheroes, the character was first portrayed in live action by Nicholas Hammond in the 1977 television movie Spider-Man. Reeve Carney starred as Spider-Man in the 2010 Broadway musical Spider-Man, in 1962, with the success of the Fantastic Four, Marvel Comics editor and head writer Stan Lee was casting about for a new superhero idea. He said the idea for Spider-Man arose from a surge in demand for comic books. At that time Lee had to get only the consent of Marvel publisher Martin Goodman for the characters approval, in a 1986 interview, Lee described in detail his arguments to overcome Goodmans objections. In particular, Lee stated that the fact that it had already decided that Amazing Fantasy would be cancelled after issue #15 was the only reason Goodman allowed him to use Spider-Man. While this was indeed the issue, its editorial page anticipated the comic continuing. Will appear every month in Amazing, regardless, Lee received Goodmans approval for the name Spider-Man and the ordinary teen concept, and approached artist Jack Kirby. Lee and Kirby immediately sat down for a conference, Theakston writes. Steve Ditko would be the inker, when Kirby showed Lee the first six pages, Lee recalled, I hated the way he was doing it. Not that he did it badly—it just wasnt the character I wanted, Lee turned to Ditko, who developed a visual style Lee found satisfactory. Ditko recalled, One of the first things I did was to work up a costume, a vital, visual part of the character. I had to know how he looked, for example, A clinging power so he wouldnt have hard shoes or boots, a hidden wrist-shooter versus a web gun and holster, etc. I wasnt sure Stan would like the idea of covering the characters face and it would also add mystery to the character. Although the interior artwork was by Ditko alone, Lee rejected Ditkos cover art, as Lee explained in 2010, I think I had Jack sketch out a cover for it because I always had a lot of confidence in Jacks covers
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Ultimate X-Men
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Ultimate X-Men is a superhero comic book series that was published by Marvel Comics from 2001 to 2009. The series is a modernized re-imagining of Marvels long-running X-Men comic book franchise as part of its Ultimate Marvel imprint, the Ultimate X-Men exist alongside other revamped Marvel characters in Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate Spider-Man, Ultimate Fantastic Four, and The Ultimates. The protagonists are the X-Men, a group of mutants whose unusual genetics grant them superpowers which set apart from the rest of humanity. They are led by Professor Charles Xavier, the worlds most powerful telepath, the series features many characters and storylines similar to those of the original X-Men series. Ultimate X-Men almost completely ignores supernatural or mystical elements as plot devices, and the X-Men have no secret identities, and mutants are mistrusted and hunted down. The series began in 2001 under writer Mark Millar and artists Adam Kubert and Andy Kubert, whilst the final issues of the series were written by Aron Coleite, a quasi-sequel/spinoff titled Ultimate Comics, X began in February 2010, but only lasted for 5 issues. The series focused on Wolverines secret son Jimmy Hudson, Jean Grey, Ultimate X-Men was then relaunched by Nick Spencer and Paco Medina, with the title now called Ultimate Comics, X-Men. Upon its debut in February 2001, Ultimate X-Men was the comic of the Ultimate Marvel line. The heads of the Ultimate Universe line, Bill Jemas and Joe Quesada, originally tried to hire Brian Michael Bendis to write the title, but he declined. Marvel hired Scottish writer Mark Millar, who was best known at the time for his run on The Authority and was ignorant of the X-Men franchise. With the first X-Men film as his reference, Millar reinvented the X-Men. Common to the Millar period was a tone, featuring quick action-driven plots. For instance, Wolverine tries to kill Cyclops in Return of the King because he is envious of Jeans love, after Mark Millars run, Ultimate Spider-Man writer Brian Michael Bendis took over for a year. Bendis stated that his run on the book would be more character-driven, especially concerning Wolverine and this made Beast the first dead Ultimate X-Man. As a side note, Ultimate X-Men #40 features what Marvel claims to be the first marriage proposal in a comic book letters column, the third Ultimate X-Men writer was Brian K. Vaughan, best known at the time for his work on Y, The Last Man. His run was marked by the absence of Wolverine as the main character. Both are of non-alien origin in this world and have the civilian names Mojo Adams and Arthur Centino, further arcs were centered on Professor X and Deathstrike in Shock and Awe. Lady Deathstrike possesses adamantium claws and regenerative powers, Vaughan also reintroduced Emma Frosts mutant team and Magneto in Magnetic North, and established Ultimate Colossus to be homosexual
14.
Ultimate Fantastic Four
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Ultimate Fantastic Four is a superhero comic book series published by Marvel Comics. The series is a modernized re-imagining of Marvels long-running Fantastic Four comic book franchise as part of its Ultimate Marvel imprint, the Ultimate Fantastic Four team exists alongside other revamped Marvel characters in Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate Spider-Man, Ultimate X-Men, and The Ultimates. While the characters may bear resemblance to their normal Marvel Universe counterparts, the origin of their powers is different and the team is much younger. The series takes place in contemporary New York, the title was created by Brian Michael Bendis, Mark Millar and Adam Kubert. The series debuted in early 2004, and had a publishing schedule. Issue #60, the last of the series, was written by Joe Pokaski and drawn by Tyler Kirkham and was followed by an epilogue in Ultimate Fantastic Four. Ultimate Fantastic Four was the continuing series of the Ultimate Marvel series, after Ultimate Spider-Man, Ultimate X-Men and The Ultimates. The first writers assigned by project leader Bill Jemas were Mark Millar and Brian Michael Bendis, grant Morrison was involved in conceptualizing Ultimate Fantastic Four and was at one point set to write the series. However, he departed from Marvel for an exclusivity contract with DC Comics before this could be finalized, bryan Hitch designed the costumes for the characters, thus explaining their aesthetic resemblance to the costumes worn by the protagonists of The Ultimates. In the Ultimate Fantastic Four Vol.1 hardcover edition, Millar, foremost, virtual communication was the only method available as Millar lives in Glasgow, Scotland, and Bendis in Portland, Oregon. It was agreed that Millar would write the plot and Bendis finalized the scripts based on his plots and he is discovered by government official Willie Lumpkin, and subsequently recruited into a think tank/school located in the upper floors of the Baxter building. There he meets Professor Storm, who leads the project, and his children, bioengineer Susan Storm, Reed also becomes the rival of Victor Van Damme, a fellow student. When Reed turns 21, he plans to teleport an apple into a parallel universe, the five students are teleported through the N-Zone, and when they rematerialize, they return heavily mutated. After the Fantastic Four return to the Baxter building, they face their first opponent, the material strayed far from the original source material, almost completely bypassing the original stories by Stan Lee. Most notable were changes to the personality and backgrounds. Reed no longer automatically assumes leadership of the team in demanding situations, Ben Grimm, no longer Reeds college friend but his grade-school friend, is not as intelligent and has to have science explained to him, providing an opportunity for plot dumps. In the end, both writers were satisfied with the results, Millar and Bendis stated that they had many more ideas, but massive scheduling problems forced them out. Instead, they persuaded Warren Ellis to continue the series, Ellis wrote the next arc, Doom, centering on Victor Van Damme
15.
The Ultimates (comic book)
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The Ultimates is a thirteen-issue comic book limited series written by Mark Millar with art by Bryan Hitch. The series introduces the team the Ultimates and was published by the Ultimate Marvel imprint of Marvel Comics. The Ultimates debuted in February 2002, and ran for thirteen issues, Bryan Hitch describes his Ultimates work as widescreen, cinematic compositions and has expressed his interest of translating his work for movies. General Nick Fury of the international peacekeeping agency S. H. I. E. L. D. The team, dubbed the Ultimates, includes Tony Stark and scientist couple Hank and Janet Pym and take up residence in the Triskelion, an island laboratory run by S. H. I. E. L. D. Thor is offered a position in the Ultimates, but he declines unless the President agrees to triple the funds allocated to environmental issues in the budget, Bruce Banner is made the new science director, attempting to duplicate the super soldier serum. Betty Ross, Bruces ex-girlfriend, is appointed as the teams Director of Communications, Bruce attempts to rekindle their relationship but is constantly spurned and belittled. Research team discovers Captain America frozen in the Arctic and attempts to gain a sample of the serum from his body, instead, Captain America is revived and offered a place in the Ultimates. The Ultimates fail to gain publicity, and the government considers withdrawing the defense budget. The Hulk goes on a rampage through Manhattan searching for Betty. The Ultimates intercept him and a battle ensues, and Giant-Man is incapacitated early in the fight, the President doubles the international aid budget at the last second, and Thor arrives to help the Ultimates. The Hulk is eventually subdued when the Wasp navigates her way into his brain and electrocutes his brain stem, the following day, the Ultimates become celebrities and are lavished with media attention. The Hulks real identity is hidden from the public and Bruce is kept in isolation while Betty tries to make amends with him for her behavior. Suspended from the Ultimates for this act, Hank flees to Chicago, but is followed by Captain America, however, Janet lashes out at Captain America for this and defends Hank, even if he did abuse her. Meanwhile, an alien organism is discovered and reports confirm that the creatures were involved in World War II. General Fury enlists the aid of S. H. I. E. L. D, agents Black Widow and Hawkeye to kill several Chitauri disguised as humans. The duo kills dozens of Chitauri, research shows that the Chitauri have a base in Micronesia. Meanwhile, Janet discovers that the Chitauri have overrun the Triskelion and she is too late to warn them as the Chitauri activate a series of nuclear explosives that apparently kills the team
16.
Queens
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Queens is the easternmost and largest in area of the five boroughs of New York City. Coterminous with Queens County since 1899, the borough of Queens is the second-largest in population, with a census-estimated 2,339,150 residents in 2015, approximately 48% of them foreign-born. Queens County also is the second-most populous county in the U. S. state of New York, behind the borough of Brooklyn. Queens is the fourth-most densely populated county among New York Citys boroughs, if each of New York Citys boroughs were an independent city, Queens also would be the nations fourth most populous city, after Los Angeles, Chicago, and Brooklyn. Queens is the most ethnically diverse area in the world. Queens was established in 1683 as one of the original 12 counties of New York and it was named after the Portuguese Princess Catherine of Braganza, Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland. It became a borough of New York City in 1898, and from 1683 until 1899, Queens has the most diversified economy of the five boroughs of New York City It is home to JFK International Airport and LaGuardia Airport. These airports are among the busiest in the world, causing the airspace above Queens to be the most congested in the country, attractions in Queens include Flushing Meadows Park, Citi Field, the US Open tennis tournament, Kaufman Astoria Studios, Silvercup Studios, and Aqueduct Racetrack. European colonization brought Dutch and English settlers, as a part of the New Netherland colony, First settlements occurred in 1635 followed by early colonizations at Maspeth in 1642, and Vlissingen in 1643. Other early settlements included Newtown and Jamaica, however, these towns were mostly inhabited by English settlers from New England via eastern Long Island subject to Dutch law. After the capture of the colony by the English and its renaming as New York in 1664, the Flushing Remonstrance signed by colonists in 1657 is considered a precursor to the United States Constitutions provision on freedom of religion in the Bill of Rights. The signers protested the Dutch colonial authorities persecution of Quakers in what is today the borough of Queens, originally, Queens County included the adjacent area now comprising Nassau County. It was a county of New York State, one of twelve created on November 1,1683. The county was named after Catherine of Braganza, since she was queen of England at the time, the county was founded alongside Kings County, and Richmond County. On October 7,1691, all counties in the Colony of New York were redefined, Queens gained North Brother Island, South Brother Island, and Huletts Island. On December 3,1768, Queens gained other islands in Long Island Sound that were not already assigned to a county, Queens played a minor role in the American Revolution, as compared to Brooklyn, where the Battle of Long Island was largely fought. Queens, like the rest of Long Island, remained under British occupation after the Battle of Long Island in 1776 and was occupied throughout most of the rest of the Revolutionary War. Under the Quartering Act, British soldiers used, as barracks, even though many local people were against unannounced quartering, sentiment throughout the county remained in favor of the British crown
17.
Vigilante
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A vigilante is a civilian or organization acting in a law enforcement capacity without legal authority. Vigilante justice is often rationalized by the concept that proper legal forms of punishment are either nonexistent, insufficient. Vigilantes normally see the government as ineffective in enforcing the law, persons alleged to be escaping the law or above the law are sometimes the victims of vigilantism. Vigilante conduct involves certain degrees of violence, Vigilantes could assault targets verbally and/or physically, damage and/or vandalize property, or even kill individuals. In a number of cases, vigilantism has involved targets with mistaken identities, in Britain in the early 2000s, there were reports of vandalism, assaults, and verbal abuse towards people wrongly accused of being pedophiles, following the murder of Sarah Payne. In Guyana in 2008, Hardel Haynes was beaten to death by a mob who mistook him for a thief, Vigilantism and the vigilante ethos existed long before the word vigilante was introduced into the English language. There are conceptual and psychological parallels between the Dark Age and medieval aristocratic custom of private war or vendetta and the modern vigilante philosophy, when Jacob protested that their actions might bring trouble upon him and his family, the brothers replied Should he treat our sister as a harlot. Similarly, in 2 Samuel 13, Absalom kills Amnon after King David, their father, fails to punish Amnon for raping Tamar, recourse to personal vengeance and dueling was considered a class privilege of the sword-bearing aristocracy before the formation of the modern centralized liberal-bureaucratic nation-state. In addition, sociologists have posited a complex legal and ethical interrelationship between vigilante acts and rebellion and tyrannicide, in the Western literary and cultural tradition, characteristics of vigilantism have often been vested in folkloric heroes and legendary outlaws. Vigilantism in literature, folklore and legend is connected to the issues of dissatisfied morality, injustice, the failures of authority. Formally-defined vigilantism arose in the early American colonies and these people would assault accused thieves, rapists and murderers. When they assaulted these thieves, they would steal their gold, other than reports and newspapers, there are not many records of vigilantes. Few names or groups are known, later in the United States, vigilante groups arose in poorly governed frontier areas where criminals preyed upon the citizenry with impunity. The death of Joseph Smith, Jr. on June 27,1844, in 1851 and 1856, San Francisco Vigilance Movement sought to eliminate crime, an element of this movement focused on immigrants like the Sydney Ducks. This touched off a cycle of retaliatory battles and raids by the two sides in which some 29 people were killed. In 1858 San Luis Obispo vigilantes ended the reign of the bandit gang of Pío Linares on El Camino Real between San Luis and Santa Barbara. In October 1862 in northern Texas, several Unionist sympathizers were arrested and taken to Gainesville, seven were tried and hanged, and 14 were hanged without trial. A few weeks later, Unionist sympathizers were hanged without trial across northern Texas, known as the Great Hanging at Gainesville, it may have been the deadliest act of vigilante violence in U. S. history
18.
Stan Lee
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Stan Lee is an American comic-book writer, editor, publisher, media producer, television host, actor, and former president and chairman of Marvel Comics. In addition, he challenged the comics industrys censorship organization, the Comics Code Authority, Lee subsequently led the expansion of Marvel Comics from a small division of a publishing house to a large multimedia corporation. He was inducted into the book industrys Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame in 1994. Lee received a National Medal of Arts in 2008 and his father, trained as a dress cutter, worked only sporadically after the Great Depression, and the family moved further uptown to Fort Washington Avenue, in Washington Heights, Manhattan. When Lee was nearly 9, his sibling, brother Larry Lieber, was born. He said in 2006 that as a child he was influenced by books and movies, by the time Lee was in his teens, the family was living in a one-bedroom apartment at 1720 University Avenue in The Bronx. Lee has described it as an apartment facing out back, with he and his brother sharing a bedroom. Lee attended DeWitt Clinton High School in the Bronx, in his youth, Lee enjoyed writing, and entertained dreams of one day writing the Great American Novel. He graduated from school early, aged 16½ in 1939. With the help of his uncle Robbie Solomon, Lee became an assistant in 1939 at the new Timely Comics division of pulp magazine, Timely, by the 1960s, would evolve into Marvel Comics. Lee, whose cousin Jean was Goodmans wife, was hired by Timely editor Joe Simon. His duties were prosaic at first, in those days dipped the pen in ink, I had to make sure the inkwells were filled, Lee recalled in 2009. I went down and got them their lunch, I did proofreading, Lee later explained in his autobiography and numerous other sources that he had intended to save his given name for more literary work. This initial story also introduced Captain Americas trademark ricocheting shield-toss, which became one of the characters signatures. He graduated from writing filler to actual comics with a feature, Headline Hunter, Foreign Correspondent. Lees first superhero co-creation was the Destroyer, in Mystic Comics #6, other characters he created during this period fans and historians call the Golden Age of comics include Jack Frost, debuting in USA Comics #1, and Father Time, debuting in Captain America Comics #6. When Simon and his creative partner Jack Kirby left late in 1941, following a dispute with Goodman, Lee entered the United States Army in early 1942 and served in the US in the Signal Corps, repairing telegraph poles and other communications equipment. He was later transferred to the Training Film Division, where he worked writing manuals, training films, and slogans and his military classification, he says, was playwright, he adds that only nine men in the US Army were given that title
19.
Jack Kirby
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Jack Kirby, born Jacob Kurtzberg, was an American comic book artist, writer, and editor, widely regarded as one of the mediums major innovators and one of its most prolific and influential creators. Kirby grew up in New York City, and learned to draw cartoon figures by tracing characters from comic strips and he entered the nascent comics industry in the 1930s, drawing various comics features under different pen names, including Jack Curtiss, before ultimately settling on Jack Kirby. In 1940, he and writer-editor Joe Simon created the highly successful superhero character Captain America for Timely Comics, during the 1940s, Kirby, generally teamed with Simon, created numerous characters for that company and for National Comics Publications, later to become DC Comics. After serving in World War II, Kirby produced work for a number of publishers, including DC, Harvey Comics, at Crestwood Publications he and Simon created the genre of romance comics and later founded their own short-lived comic company, Mainline Publications. Ultimately, Kirby found himself at Timelys 1950s iteration, Atlas Comics, there, in the 1960s, Kirby and writer-editor Stan Lee co-created many of the companys major characters, including the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, and the Hulk. The Lee-Kirby titles garnered high sales and critical acclaim, but in 1970, feeling he had been treated unfairly, at DC, Kirby created his Fourth World saga, which spanned several comics titles. While these series proved unsuccessful and were canceled, the Fourth Worlds New Gods have continued as a significant part of the DC Universe. Kirby returned to Marvel briefly in the mid-to-late 1970s, then ventured into television animation, Kirby was married to Rosalind Roz Goldstein in 1942. They had four children, and remained married until his death from heart failure in 1994, the Jack Kirby Awards and Jack Kirby Hall of Fame were named in his honor. Jack Kirby was born Jacob Kurtzberg on August 28,1917, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City and his parents, Rose and Benjamin Kurtzberg, were Austrian Jewish immigrants, and his father earned a living as a garment factory worker. In his youth, Kirby desired to escape his neighborhood and he liked to draw, and sought out places he could learn more about art. He was rejected by the Educational Alliance because he drew too fast with charcoal and he later found an outlet for his skills by drawing cartoons for the newspaper of the Boys Brotherhood Republic, a miniature city on East 3rd Street where street kids ran their own government. At age 14, Kirby enrolled at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, I wasnt the kind of student that Pratt was looking for. They wanted people who would work on something forever, I didnt want to work on any project forever. I intended to get things done, Kirby joined the Lincoln Newspaper Syndicate in 1936, working there on newspaper comic strips and on single-panel advice cartoons such as Your Health Comes First. He remained until late 1939, when he began working for the animation company Fleischer Studios as an inbetweener on Popeye cartoons. I went from Lincoln to Fleischer, he recalled, from Fleischer I had to get out in a hurry because I couldnt take that kind of thing, describing it as a factory in a sense, like my fathers factory. Around that time, the American comic book industry was booming, Kirby began writing and drawing for the comic-book packager Eisner & Iger, one of a handful of firms creating comics on demand for publishers
20.
Fantastic Four
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The Fantastic Four is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The group debuted in The Fantastic Four #1, which helped to usher in a new level of realism in the medium. As the first superhero team title produced by Marvel Comics, it formed a cornerstone of the companys 1960s rise from a division of a publishing company to a pop culture conglomerate. Since their original 1961 introduction, the Fantastic Four have been portrayed as a dysfunctional, yet loving. Breaking convention with other comic book archetypes of the time, they would squabble, the Fantastic Four have been adapted into other media, including four animated series and four live-action films. According to Lee, writing in 1974, Martin mentioned that he had noticed one of the published by National Comics seemed to be selling better than most. It was a book called The Justice League of America and it was composed of a team of superheroes, if the Justice League is selling, spoke he, why dont we put out a comic book that features a team of superheroes. Determined to carve a career for myself in the nowhere world of comic books, Lee concluded that, For just this once. Lee said he created a synopsis for the first Fantastic Four story that he gave to penciller Jack Kirby, Kirby turned in his penciled art pages to Lee, who added dialogue and captions. Kirby claims he came up with the idea for the Fantastic Four in Marvels offices, Kirby also sought to establish, more credibly and on numerous occasions, that the visual elements of the strip were his conceptions. He regularly pointed to a team he had created for rival publisher DC Comics in the 1950s, F you notice the uniforms, theyre the same. I always give them a skintight uniform with a belt, the Challengers and the FF have a minimum of decoration. And of course, the Things skin is a kind of decoration, the chest insignia of a 4 within a circle, however, was designed by Lee. The characters wear no uniforms in the first two issues, given the conflicting statements, outside commentators have found it hard to identify with precise detail who created the Fantastic Four. Comics historian R. C. Harvey believes that the Fantastic Four was a furtherance of the work Kirby had been doing previously, but Harvey notes that the Marvel Method of collaboration allowed each man to claim credit, and that Lees dialogue added to the direction the team took. Wells argues that it was Lees contributions which set the framework within which Kirby worked, and this made Lee more responsible. Comics historian Mark Evanier, an assistant to Jack Kirby in the 1970s, says that the considered opinion of Lee and Kirbys contemporaries was that Fantastic Four was created by Stan. No further division of credit seemed appropriate, the release of The Fantastic Four #1 was an unexpected success
21.
Spider-Man (Miles Morales)
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Miles Morales is a fictional superhero who appears in comic books published by Marvel Comics, as one of the characters who goes by the identity of Spider-Man. The character was created by writer Brian Michael Bendis and artist Sara Pichelli, with Bendis, President Barack Obama and American actor Donald Glover. Miles Morales first appeared in Ultimate Fallout #4, following the death of Peter Parker, a teenager of Black Hispanic descent, Miles is the second Spider-Man to appear in Ultimate Marvel, an imprint with a separate continuity from the mainstream Marvel Universe. After Marvel ended the Ultimate imprint in 2015, Miles was made a character in the main Marvel Universe, beginning with stories under the All-New, All-Different Marvel brand published that same year. Alexandra Petri of The Washington Post called for the character to be judged on the quality of its stories, the concept of a black Spider-Man was first discussed a few months before the November 2008 election of Barack Obama as President of the United States. This was a reference to an online campaign that attempted to secure Glover an audition for the lead role in the 2012 film The Amazing Spider-Man. Bendis said of Glover, I saw him in the costume and thought, so I was glad I was writing that book. When the Marvel Comics staff decided that the Ultimate universes Peter Parker would be killed in the 2011 storyline Death of Spider-Man, although Morales is the first black Spider-Man, he marks the second time a Latino character has taken the Spider-Man identity. Miguel OHara, who is of half Mexican descent, was the character in the series Spider-Man 2099. Morales has replaced Parker as Spider-Man only in Ultimate Marvel, a universe that re-imagines the characters. Miles Morales was created by comic book writer Brian Michael Bendis, Morales was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City, the then-13-year-old son of an African American father and a Puerto Rican mother. Axel Alonso has described Miles as an intelligent nerd with an aptitude for science similar to his predecessor, the character made his debut in the fourth issue of the Ultimate Fallout limited series, which was released on August 3,2011. He later starred in the relaunched Ultimate Comics, Spider-Man series, written by Bendis and drawn by Pichelli, in contrasting Miles with Peter Parker, Bendis has depicted different conflicts and anxieties for the character. Pichelli also designed Spider-Mans new costume, a black outfit with red webbing. Pichelli had worked on four issues of Ultimate Spider-Man before she was approached to work on the new title with Miles Morales, in 2012, Morales appeared in the miniseries Spider-Men, in which he encounters the Spider-Man of the original Marvel universe. In June 2013, the character appeared in the climax of Age of Ultron #10, despite its initial press and critical reception, Ultimate Comics Spider-Man was not a huge hit in the direct market. Miles Morales will also be a character in the All-New Ultimates, in which he will join a team of young heroes that will include Kitty Pryde, Bombshell, Cloak and Dagger. The former title is written by Bendis, while the latter is written by Michel Fiffe, the twelfth and final issue of Miles Morales, Ultimate Spider-Man concluded with a cliffhanger that led directly into the 2015 Secret Wars storyline
22.
Sara Pichelli
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Sara Pichelli is an Italian comic book artist best known for first illustrating the Miles Morales version of Ultimate Spider-Man. After having worked on several Marvel titles, such as Namora, Pichelli was hired as the main artist on the volume of Ultimate Comics, Spider-Man. Pichelli won a 2011 Eagle Award for Favorite Newcomer Artist, Sara Pichelli began her career in animation, working as a storyboard artist, animator and character designer. She said of this work, It wasnt really for me, I felt like a tiny cog in a machine. She started working in the book industry after meeting comics artist David Messina. Prior to that, she was not particularly interested in comics and preferred animated films, in 2008 she submitted her work to the Chesterquest international talent search and was named one of the finalists by Marvel Comics editor C. B. Cebulski, which led to her working for Marvel and she illustrates for Marvel from her home in Rome. Pichelli started working for Marvel Comics is 2008 with the limited series NYX, No Way Home and she worked with Immonen again on the X-Men, Pixie Strikes Back limited series, released in December 2009, which focused on the X-Men character Pixie. Pichelli took on regular art duties on the relaunched Ultimate Comics, Spider-Man with Morales as the protagonist, Pichelli uses a Cintiq 12wx graphic tablet. She followed this approach when creating Miles Morales, Pichelli won a 2011 Eagle Award for Favorite Newcomer Artist, beating out fellow nominees Rafael Albuquerque, Fiona Staples, Sean Murphy and Bryan Lee OMalley. Marvel Comics senior editor Mark Paniccia said of Pichelli, Every time I see new pages from Sara she continues to grow as an artist, shes amazing now and I cant imagine where shell be a year from now. Marvel Comics editor Tom Brevoort called her a real breakout talent, IGN writer Jesse Schedeen called Pichellis art in Ultimate Fallout energetic, cinematic, and just flamboyant enough to offer a change of pace from the rest of the Ultimate Fallout stories. All-New X-Men #30 Astonishing X-Men vol,3, #37 I Am An Avenger #4 Eternals vol. 2, #3 Guardians of the Galaxy vol,3, #4-7, 11-13 Marvel Digital Holiday Special #2 Namora, one-shot Origin of Marvel Comics, X-Men, one-shot Runaways vol
23.
Bill Jemas
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Bill Jemas is an American media entrepreneur, writer, and editor. He is a vice president of Marvel Comics, and a founding partner at 360ep. In 1980, Jemas received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Rutgers University, in 1983 he graduated from Harvard Law School with a Juris Doctor. After graduating Harvard, Jemas took a job as a tax attorney at Simpson Thacher & Bartlett in New York and it also gave him entry into the entertainment field, which he felt would open up lucrative opportunities. While at NBA, according to Jemas, he helped build an almost non-existent basketball card business into a multimillion-dollar enterprise, Jemas became president of Fleer Entertainment Group and Fleer Corp in 1993, and appointed Jemas as executive vice president of Marvel Entertainment Group that year. In January 2000, he became president of products, publishing. During his tenure, his tendencies toward micromanagement and provocative public statements made him a controversial figure and he came to prominence at Marvel Comics, during the formers bankruptcy reorganizations. During his tenure, Jemas was key in replacing editor-in-chief Bob Harras with Joe Quesada, Jemas and Quesada formed the public face of Marvel, taking the roles of, said one observer, of good cop and bad cop. Other later initiatives includes titles such as Trouble, The Call and Marville, producer and Marvel Studios CEO Avi Arad in particular was angered over certain comics overseen by Jemas that Arad had difficulty selling to Hollywood producers and stars. Upon his departure from the company, Jemas continued to work with Marvel in a non-executive capacity through mid-2004 and he also wrote or co-wrote Marvel comic books including Namor and Origin. Comic book writer Gail Simone said on her blog that she ghost wrote for Jemas during his tenure at Marvel and she later clarified that she was referring to a comedic article about Marvel giving away free cookies rather than an actual comic. Upon his departure from Marvel Entertainment, Jemas started 360ep, an entertainment property management firm, by February 2009, he had completed the first chapter. Jemas also managed a T-shirt line, IDtees, whose T-shirts contained positive messages, the line was eventually discontinued so that Jemas could focus on other projects. In 2012, Jemas announced the creation of an online comics venture, a new print comic, Wake The F#CK Up, was released December 4,2012 via Zenescope Comics. The promotion of the comic was spearheaded with a YouTube video by hip-hop artist Kilgorian Tralfamadore, on December 2013, Jemas joined Take-Two Interactive to start a graphic fiction imprint, Double Take Comics. Double Take Comics closed in November 2016, official site Bill Jemas at the Comic Book DB Bill Jemas at the Internet Movie Database
24.
Spider-Man: Chapter One
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Spider-Man, Chapter One is a comic book limited series starring Spider-Man published by Marvel Comics for 13 issues from December 1998 to October 1999. The entire series was written and drawn by John Byrne, the comic was a modest success. The editorial intention of the series, however, was to be a retelling of the early stories designed to draw in new readers. Byrne was soon to be drawing the relaunch of The Amazing Spider-Man comics title with writer Howard Mackie, Chapter One, though not a sales record-breaker, finished out its run as planned, even adding a #0 in April 1999 between #6 and 7. Byrne was asked to, but declined the offer to do a Chapter Two follow-up mini, Chapter One ignores the continuity of Untold Tales of Spider-Man. Spider-Mans early adventures would be again in Ultimate Spider-Man, a series Marvel launched in 2000. This series sidestepped the canon/non-canon continuity question by setting its stories in a new universe. Yet another retelling of early Spider-Man stories came in 2004 with the launch of Marvel Age Spider-Man and this title, which is aimed at younger readers, also retells many of Lee and Ditkos stories, though the contemporary-set series is clearly meant to be set outside mainstream Marvel continuity. A trade paperback collecting the series was published in January 2012. The villains costumes were used for their mainstream counterparts in The Amazing Spider-Man vol.2 and Peter Parker. In the Hulk 1999 Annual, writer John Byrne revised the Hulks origin, much like Spider-Man, Chapter One. In the revised origin, the bomb that was being tested is now a gamma laser. The skrull also disguised himself as Igor Rasminsky, a fellow scientist working on the project, the contemporary setting removes the Cold War context of the original story, and serves as a tie-in to the Marvel, The Lost Generation maxi-series created by Roger Stern and Byrne. The storyline is currently designated as set on Earth-98121, and is not part of mainstream Marvel continuity, Spider-Man, Chapter One at the Grand Comics Database Spider-Man, Chapter One at the Comic Book DB
25.
Decompression (comics)
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In comics, decompression is a stylistic storytelling choice characterized by a strong emphasis on visuals or character interaction, which, in turn, usually leads to slower-moving plots. The style is used with widescreen comics. Decompression developed a presence in mainstream American comic books in the 1990s and 2000s. Traditionally, American comics first appeared as anthologies featuring short stories per issue, usually with different characters. The done-in-one format prevailed for a time eventually becoming seconded by open ended multiple-subplots that characterized the 70s and 80s in American comics. Decompression is often claimed to be a result of the influence of manga on the international comics scene. Manga, traditionally less expensive per page than American comics due to circulation and black and white printing. This style of storytelling which was influenced by film storyboarding was first popularized in manga by cartoonist Osamu Tezuka with his 1947 manga Shin Takarajima, a manga that uses this style successfully, is Blame. Thought to have influenced American artists, one of the first commercially successful American comics to use decompression as its dominant style was the first twelve issues of The Authority by Warren Ellis and Bryan Hitch. In the wake of that success, decompression was widely adopted across the American comics industry with varying degrees of success. Many alternative American cartoonists make use of decompression, most notably those who are influenced by manga like Bryan Lee OMalley. Some French comicbooks use decompression as a storytelling technique, most notable are artists associated with the Franco-Japanese La nouvelle manga movement such as Frédéric Boilet and Vanyada. Dave McKeans Cages remains one of the finest example of the usage of decompression, spanning more than 500 pages, Cages can be labelled a graphic epic, but the storyline focuses on a relatively short stretch of time. Decompressed stories have been the cause of controversy and debate amongst the comics fandom. Many detractors accuse their writers of unnecessarily stretching out the length of plots, thinning out the content per page in order to earn more sales. Defenders of the claim that decompressed stories are not stretched out. In response to criticism of the use of decompression in mainstream American comics, writers Warren Ellis, Dan Slott. Ellis series Fell, Global Frequency, and Planetary each adhere to the format of single issue stories, and Nextwave is told only in two issue arcs
26.
Avengers (comics)
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The Avengers are a fictional team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The team made its debut in The Avengers #1, created by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby, labeled Earths Mightiest Heroes, the Avengers originally consisted of Hank Pym, the Hulk, Iron Man, Thor, and the Wasp. The original Captain America was discovered, trapped in ice, a rotating roster became a hallmark, although one theme remained consistent, the Avengers fight the foes no single superhero can withstand. The team, famous for its battle cry of Avengers Assemble. has featured humans, mutants, inhumans, robots, aliens, supernatural beings, and even former villains. The team has appeared in a variety of media outside of comic books including a number of different animated television series. A second Avengers film titled Avengers, Age of Ultron was released on May 1,2015, the team debuted in The Avengers #1. Much like the Justice League, the Avengers were an assemblage of pre-existing superhero characters created by Lee, between 1996 and 2004, Marvel relaunched the primary Avengers title three times. In 1996, the Heroes Reborn line took place in an alternate universe, the Avengers vol.3 relaunched and ran for 84 issues from February 1998 to August 2004. In January 2005, a new version of the team appeared in the ongoing title The New Avengers, followed by The Mighty Avengers, Avengers, The Initiative, Avengers vol.4 debuted in July 2010 and ran until January 2013. Vol.5 was launched in February 2013, after Secret Wars, a new Avengers team debuted, dubbed the All-New, All-Different Avengers, starting with a Free Comic Book Day preview. After the group vanquished Loki, Ant-Man stated that the five worked well together and suggested they form a team, Captain America soon joined the team in issue #4, and he was given founding member status in the Hulks place. The Avengers went on to fight such as Baron Zemo, who formed the Masters of Evil, Kang the Conqueror, Wonder Man. The next milestone came when every member but Captain America resigned, Giant-Man, now calling himself Goliath, and the Wasp rejoined. Hercules became part of the team, while the Black Knight, Spider-Man was offered membership but did not join the group. The Black Panther joined after rescuing the team from the Grim Reaper, the X-Men #45 featured a crossover with The Avengers #53. This was followed by the introduction of the android the Vision, Pym assumed the new identity of Yellowjacket in issue #59, and married the Wasp the following month. The Avengers headquarters was in a New York City building called Avengers Mansion, the team encountered new characters such as Arkon in issue #75, and Red Wolf in #80. The Avengers briefly disband when Skrulls impersonating Captain America, Thor, the true founding Avengers, minus the Wasp, reformed the team in response after complaints from Jarvis
27.
Wizard (magazine)
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Wizard or Wizard, The Magazine of Comics, Entertainment and Pop Culture was a magazine about comic books, published monthly in the United States by Wizard Entertainment from July 1991 to January 2011. It included a guide, as well as comic book, movie, anime, and collector news, interviews. With issue #7, the magazine switched to paper and color printing. Wizard strongly supported new publishers Valiant Comics and Image Comics, heavily promoting their new releases, with its high-end production values and embodiment of the comic speculator boom, Wizard was an instant hit, with a monthly circulation of more than 100,000 copies. In 2006, the magazine was revamped with a look and more pages, switching from the perfect bound or staple free look. After issue 200, Wizard made several changes to the magazine, shifting focus from reviews and humor to information about upcoming comics, the 3-page Magic Words section, which consisted of reader questions, was dropped and replaced by Fan Mail, a half-page section allowing 3 short letters. In November 2006, Wizard editor-in-chief and co-founder Pat McCallum was fired, Wizard declined to say why he was removed. On February 21,2007, Scott Gramling was announced as the new editor-in-chief, soon after, longtime Wizard Editor Brian Cunningham was removed in August 2008. The final editor was former staff writer and managing editor Mike Cotton, on February 27,2009, Wizard laid off ten percent of its work force, including its three staff writers, in order to make room for freelance writers. Wizard was relaunched with issue #228, which featured Mark Millar as a guest editor, the magazine went back to its strictly comic book roots. The issue featured a Green Hornet film cover and round table discussion with creators in the comic book film industry, despite all these changes, however, the magazine was losing subscribers at an unsustainable rate, by December 2010 its circulation was just 17,000 copies. This was confirmed later that day by Wizard, who revealed that its sister magazine. According to the representatives, Wizard would be relaunched in February 2011 as an online magazine called Wizard World. The first issue of Wizard World was made online and through major digital distribution channels on March 2,2011. The magazine went through an ever-changing line-up of regular and semi-regular features, including Book Shelf — Brief descriptions of the trade paperback. Top 10 Writers and Artists — Lists charting the most popular creators of the month in each category, retired features include Casting Call — A feature proposing the dream cast for potential film adaptations of various comic books. Last Man Standing — A dream faceoff between two different characters or teams, always of different companies and/or universes, the feature would detail a brief showdown between the two, including the victor and would be accompanied by an exclusive illustration depicting the battle. In addition, both Wizard and ToyFare often featured mail-away offers for exclusive merchandise, Wizard began a practice of producing specially offered Wizard #1/2 issues
28.
Ultimatum (Ultimate Marvel)
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Ultimatum is a 2009 comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics under its Ultimate Marvel. It consists of a core five-issue eponymous miniseries written by Jeph Loeb and illustrated by David Finch that was published from January 2009 to September 2009, and a number of tie-in books. The storyline deals with Magnetos attempts to destroy the world following the apparent deaths of his children, Scarlet Witch, the first issue of the core miniseries was the best-selling comic of January 2009, selling over 100,000 copies, though sales dropped with subsequent issues. The foreshadowing of the Ultimatum storyline began in late 2007 when Ultimate Power #8 featured a banner on its cover reading, the following year, a teaser advertisement for Ultimatum ran in all Marvel titles. It depicted a broken tombstone reading 2000-2008, with the 2008 piece broken from its place, in an interview on YouTube, artist David Finch said that Loeb would be bringing much to all of the Ultimate Universe to a close. The Ultimates continued under the title Ultimate Comics, New Ultimates after Ultimatum, Ultimate Spider-Man was relaunched after the end of Ultimatum, written by Brian Michael Bendis and drawn by artist David Lafuente, who provided the art for the third Ultimate Spider-Man Annual. Loeb also wrote a series entitled Ultimate Comics, X. Elements of Ultimatums story were established in the Ultimates 3, Ultimate Power, during Ultimatum, the three Ultimate Marvel titles, featured tie-in stories about various characters and events that occur throughout Ultimatum. The series mainly builds on the events of Ultimates 3, in which the villainous robot Ultron shoots, Magneto vows revenge on the Ultimates. Before escaping the Ultimates, Magneto is able to steal Thors hammer and it is further revealed that Doctor Doom was manipulating these events. A series of disasters befalls a few cities, a lightning storm suddenly appears in New York City. Mister Fantastic and the Invisible Woman attempt to make it back into the Baxter Building, Yellowjacket breaks out of Tony Starks mansion looking for the Wasp. In the flooded streets of New York City, Bruce Banner appears to have drowned only to turn into the Hulk, Spider-Man attempts to help in rescue efforts. Angel carries an unconscious Dazzler from underwater to the top of a building, Iron Man rescues Captain America, reporting that many people have died and that he does not know where the rest of the Ultimates are. The Invisible Woman uses a force field to push all the water back out of the city without affecting civilians or buildings. In Latveria, Doctor Doom leaves his castle and discovers that everyone except him has been frozen, Magneto is then revealed to be in a floating citadel with Thors hammer, Mjolnir. In the aftermath, the Human Torch is missing, Mister Fantastic searches for Namor, whom he believes to be responsible for the widespread destruction. Dazzler, Beast and Nightcrawler are dead, and the rest of the X-Men begin searching for survivors, Hulk arrives and peacefully assists Spider-Man in rescue efforts
29.
Forest Hills, Queens
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Forest Hills is a neighborhood in the borough of Queens in New York City. Originally, the area was referred to as Whitepot, Forest Hills is bounded by 62nd Drive, Thornton Place, and Selfridge Street to the west, Metropolitan Avenue to the south, Union Turnpike to the east, and the Grand Central Parkway to the north. Forest Hills Gardens has some of the most beautiful architecture in New York, there is also a great tradition of tennis. Forest Hills Stadium hosted the U. S. Open until 1978, bustling Austin Street bisects Forest Hills and boasts lots of restaurants and chain stores. Forest Hills is bordered by Flushing Meadows-Corona Park and Forest Park and it is bounded by Burns Street to the north, Union Turnpike to the east, Greenway South and Harrow Street to the south, and Tennis Place and Continental Ave to the west. The development of adjacent Forest Park, a park on the end of Forest Hills. Starting in 1896, the firm of Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot was contracted to provide a plan for the park. In 1906, Brooklyn attorney Cord Meyer bought abutting land made up of six farms, there is a street named after Ascan Bakus, Ascan Avenue, in Forest Hills today. In 1909, Margaret Sage, who founded the Russell Sage Foundation, grosvenor Atterbury, a renowned architect, was given the commission to design Forest Hills Gardens. The neighborhood was planned on the model of the communities of England. As a result, there are many Tudor-style homes in Forest Hills, the construction of this area used a prefabricated building technique, each house was built from approximately 170 standardized precast concrete panels, fabricated off-site and positioned by crane. In 1913, the West Side Tennis Club moved from Manhattan to Forest Hills Gardens, the U. S. Open and its predecessor national championships were held there until 1978, making Forest Hills synonymous with tennis for generations. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Forest Hills was 86,364 a increase of 1,318 from the 85,046 counted in 2000. Covering an area of 1,328.22 acres, the neighborhood had a density of 63.0 inhabitants per acre. The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 58. 3% White,2. 5% African American,0. 1% Native American,24. 2% Asian,0. 0% Pacific Islander,0. 4% from other races, and 2. 1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12. 4% of the population, historically, Forest Hills has had many Jewish residents. The border between Rego Park and Forest Hills is home to many Jews, one of the largest population of such in the world outside of Israel. South of the Long Island Rail Road, the Forest Hills Gardens area is a community that features some of the most expensive residential properties in Queens County
30.
Uncle Ben
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Benjamin Ben Parker, usually called Uncle Ben, is a supporting character in the Marvel Universes Spider-Man stories. He was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, modeled after American founding father Benjamin Franklin, this character portrays an influential role in the Spider-Man mythos. Uncle Ben first appeared in Amazing Fantasy #15 and was killed in the same issue. Although his history as a character was very brief, Uncle Ben is an overshadowing figure in Spider-Mans life. The murder of Uncle Ben is notable as one of the few comic book deaths that has never been reversed in terms of official continuity, later, the revivals of both Bucky and Jason in 2005 led to the amendment, No one in comics stays dead except Uncle Ben. This fact is used to defeat the rampaging Spider-Carnage by exposing him to the one person he will trust and listen to, a story-line in the official series Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man seemingly suggested that Ben may be alive. This Ben, however, was actually from a universe where Aunt May died in a random accident. This alternate Ben came to the planet Earth of regular Marvel comics as part of a plan devised by the Hobgoblin of 2211 to defeat the Spider-Men of different eras. Ben Parker was born in Brooklyn, New York and he trained to be a military police officer. He spent time as a singer in a band and he had known his future wife, May Reilly since their high school days, but she in turn was naively interested in a boy who was involved in criminal activities. When he came to her one night and proposed to her on the spot, Ben was there to him as a murderer. Their relationship evolved into love, and they enjoyed a happily married life, when Bens younger brother Richard Parker and his wife Mary were killed in a plane crash, Ben and May took in their orphaned son Peter and raised him as their own. Ben was very protective of Peter, going as far as fighting some of the bullies that tormented young Parker, Peter became friends with Charlie Weiderman in high school, a teen even more unpopular than he was. However, Charlie often provoked the trouble with the other teens, one day, he was chased to the Parker home by a group of bullies led by Rich and Ben intervened. Ben told them if they wanted Charlie, they would have to go through him. Rich tried to, but was surprised by Bens army training, as soon as the bullies were gone, he told the boy that he was not welcome at the house or with Peter because of his provoking the bullies and not being able to tell the truth. In high school, a spider bite gave Peter superhuman powers. Creating the costumed identity of Spider-Man for himself, Peter sought first to exploit his powers as a masked wrestler
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Aunt May
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May Parker, commonly known as Aunt May is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, the character made her first appearance in Amazing Fantasy #15 and she is the aunt-by-marriage and adoptive mother of Peter Parker, who leads a secret life as Spider-Man. She is nurturing and supportive of Peter, although throughout most of Spider-Mans history, she has not known of his secret life, after years as a widow, Aunt May married John Jonah Jameson, Sr. She has appeared in most other adaptations of the comics. May Parker was born in Brooklyn, New York on May 5, after the death of her brother-in-law and his wife, May and her husband Ben Parker took in their only son, Peter, and raised him at their home in the Forest Hills section of Queens. She remained an important influence in Peters life even during college as she was the family he had left. Her continued belief that Peter was still the fragile boy hed been before he gained his powers could be frustrating at times. In the early years of his career, Peter feared for Mays well-being. Consequently, Peter often felt anguish over dealing with major crises while his aunt needed nearly constant care. This conflict took on a turn when Aunt May became sweethearts with his enemy, Otto Octavius. During a period of convalescence at a home, May met the wheelchair-bound Nathan Lubensky. Gradually, May and Nathan fell in love each other. She invited Nathan into her Forest Hills home after converting it into a house. However, Mays heart was broken when Nathan suffered a heart attack while protecting her from being taken hostage by Adrian Toomes. Some time thereafter, a guilt-stricken Toomes confronted May, begging her to him for his role in Nathans death. May refused to do so, stating that only God could provide the villain with the redemption he was seeking, fortunately, Mister Fantastic was able to disable the device without removing it, saving the world and May, who apparently retained no memory of her time in captivity. When Spider-Man joins the Avengers, Peter, Aunt May, during the Superhero Civil War, she and Mary Jane convince Peter to unmask himself in front of a press conference. Later, she is targeted by the Chameleon, but outwits the villain by feeding him Ambien-filled oatmeal-raisin cookies, when Peter changes his mind about the Superhuman Registration Act, he moves his family from Stark Tower to a motel
32.
Spider-Man's powers and equipment
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The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media. He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a common house spider. He uses his skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers. When Peter Parker was bitten by a spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spiders venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes. Several biologists on the History Channels Spider-Man Tech special stated the effect of a spider bite would not be nearly enough to cause a mutation in a human body. However, they said the use of genetically engineered spiders from the live-action movie and they illustrated this by showing the results of an experiment where glow genes from deep sea jellyfish were introduced into the embryos of lab mice. The resulting mice were born with the gene as a part of their own DNA. Spider-Mans overall metabolic efficiency has been increased, and the composition of his skeleton, connective tissues, muscles. Originally, Peter Parker wore glasses, but after the bite, his vision became 20/20. Spider-Man is capable of healing injuries faster and more extensively than ordinary humans, during a battle with a villain called the Masked Marauder, Spider-Man is rendered completely blind. However, during a visit to an eye specialist, it is revealed that Spider-Man is already healing only hours later. After about two days, Spider-Mans 20/20 vision is restored, although his eyes are sensitive for about a day after, afterwards, his eyes are completely healed. Following the events of The Other, Spider-Man permanently had some of his abilities increased, during Marvels Civil War, he is ambushed by the Rhino and is injured. However, he heals completely by the end of the issue without medical attention and mentions to Aunt May that he knew he had always been a fast healer, but lately it seems even more so. During Civil War, Spider-Man is heavily beaten and drugged, suffering fractures and blood loss at the hands of the Jack O Lantern. However, like many superhuman powers, the effectiveness of Spider-Mans abilities varies based on the author and his accelerated metabolism increases his tolerance to drugs, meaning a larger dose is needed to cause the usual effect, and he can recover from the effects rapidly. During an encounter with the bee-based villain Swarm, Spider-Man is incapacitated by thousands of bee stings and his resistance to other toxins varies, but is typically significantly higher than normal. However, Spider-Man has normal human tolerance to the effects of alcoholic beverages and is shown drinking, since it affects his balance, reflexes
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Flash Thompson
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Corporal Eugene Flash Thompson is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. After graduation, he joins the United States Army and is haunted by his combat experiences, after losing both of his legs in the Iraq War, he was bound to the Venom Symbiote as Agent Venom, a superhero and the first to control the organism. The character has appeared in other media adaptations, usually in his earlier bullying incarnation. In film, he is portrayed by Joe Manganiello in Spider-Man, Chris Zylka in The Amazing Spider-Man, created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, Flash Thompson first appeared in Amazing Fantasy #15, the same issue Spider-Man first appeared in. He was a character in The Amazing Spider-Man series for several years. The character made his first appearance as the new incarnation of Venom in The Amazing Spider-Man #654, then a second volume of Venom was started in May 2011 with Flash Thompson as the titular character. As Venom, he appeared as a character in the 2010-2013 Secret Avengers series. As Venom, he appears in the new 2012 Thunderbolts series by Daniel Way, in his early appearances, Eugene Flash Thompson was a high school classmate of Peter Parker. In high school, Flash was a jock who continually bullied Peter. Flash was physically abused by his alcoholic father Harrison Thompson, leading to Flashs own violent, Thompson dubbed Peter with the derogatory nickname Puny Parker and humiliated Parker daily in front of the whole school. When Spider-Man was seen committing robberies, Flash was one of the few to stand up for him claiming that he could still be innocent and it soon turned out that Spider-Man had been framed by Mysterio and Flash boasted about how he was always right. Peter, who stated that he would not trust any further than I can throw him. In a very early issue, Flash and Peter squared off for a match in the school gym. Initially expecting a victory, Flash was astonished to discover that he simply couldnt lay a hand on Peter. After this episode, Flashs bullying was restricted mostly to verbal harassment, over the next few years, as the two became rivals for Liz Allans affections, Flash was only willing to confront Peter when he was surrounded by his friends. Peter, began to laugh off his threats with good-natured comebacks and this subtle reversal of their positions was typical of Lee-Ditko character developments in the title. Towards the end of Ditkos run on the title, Flash was employed mainly as comic relief, major changes in his personality took place subsequently to issue 39, when John Romita, Sr. took over as artist for The Amazing Spider-Man. Following Romitas take in place, Flash was made into a sympathetic character
34.
Professional wrestling
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Professional wrestling is a dramatized athletic performance that portrays a combat sport. Various forms of weaponry are sometimes used, the content – including match outcomes – is scripted and choreographed, and the combative actions and reactions are performed to appear violent without injuring the wrestlers. Before the 1980s, these facts were considered trade secrets, in the mid-90s, the presentation of scripted events as legitimate is known as kayfabe. Although the combative content is staged and communicated between the wrestlers, there are physical hazards involved - including permanent injury and death. While it has declined in Europe, in North America it has experienced several different periods of prominent cultural popularity during its century. The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet, unlike in Europe, show wrestling has become especially prominent in Japan and in North America. In Brazil, there was a popular wrestling television program from the 1960s to the early 1980s called Telecatch. High-profile figures in the sport have become celebrities or cultural icons in their native or adopted home countries, although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise, pro wrestling was also instrumental in making pay-per-view a viable method of content delivery. Annual shows such as WrestleMania, SummerSlam, Royal Rumble, and formerly Bash at the Beach, Halloween Havoc, home video sales dominate the Billboard charts Recreational Sports DVD sales, with wrestling holding anywhere from 3 to 9 of the top 10 spots every week. Due to its persistent cultural presence and to its novelty within the performing arts, there have also been many fictional depictions of wrestling, the 2008 film The Wrestler received several Oscar nominations and began a career revival for star Mickey Rourke. Because actual events are often co-opted by writers for incorporation into storylines for the performers, special care must be taken when talking about people who perform under their own name. The actions of the character should be considered fictional events, wholly separate from the life of the performer and this is similar to other entertainers who perform with a persona that shares their own name. Some wrestlers will incorporate elements of their real-life personalities into their characters, even if they and those who participated felt that it was necessary that spectators should be kept in a constant and complete illusion of a real competition to keep audience interest. For decades, up until the mid-1980s, wrestlers lived their lives as though they were their characters. Wrestlers, bookers and promoters all rigorously enforced the illusion and very few were allowed into the society of professional wrestling to maintain suspension of disbelief. The practice of keeping the illusion, and the methods used to do so, came to be known as kayfabe within wrestling circles. An entire lexicon of slang jargon and euphemism developed to allow performers to communicate without outsiders knowledge of what was being said, occasionally a performer will deviate from the intended sequence of events
35.
Adhesive
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The use of adhesives offers many advantages over binding techniques such as sewing, mechanical fastening, thermal bonding, etc. Adhesives are typically organized by the method of adhesion and these are then organized into reactive and non-reactive adhesives, which refers to whether the adhesive chemically reacts in order to harden. Alternatively they can be organized by whether the raw stock is of natural or synthetic origin, Adhesives may be found naturally or produced synthetically. The earliest human use of substances was approximately 200,000 years ago. The first references to adhesives in literature first appeared in approximately 2000 BCE, the Greeks and Romans made great contributions to the development of adhesives. In Europe, glue was not widely used until the period 1500–1700 CE, from then until the 1900s increases in adhesive use and discovery were relatively gradual. Only since the last century has the development of synthetic adhesives accelerated rapidly, the earliest use of adhesives was discovered in central Italy when two stone flakes partially covered with birch-bark tar and a third uncovered stone from the Middle Pleistocene era were found. This is thought to be the oldest discovered human use of tar-hafted stones, the birch-bark-tar adhesive is a simple, one-component adhesive. Although sticky enough, plant-based adhesives are brittle and vulnerable to environmental conditions, the first use of compound adhesives was discovered in Sibudu, South Africa. The ability to produce stronger adhesives allowed middle stone age humans to attach stone segments to sticks in greater variations, more recent examples of adhesive use by prehistoric humans have been found at the burial sites of ancient tribes. Archaeologists studying the sites found that approximately 6,000 years ago the tribesmen had buried their dead together with food found in clay pots repaired with tree resins. The glue was analyzed as pitch, which requires the heating of tar during its production, the retrieval of this tar requires a transformation of birch bark by means of heat, in a process known as pyrolysis. The first references to adhesives in literature first appeared in approximately 2000 BCE, further historical records of adhesive use are found from the period spanning 1500–1000 BCE. Artifacts from this period include paintings depicting wood gluing operations and a made of wood. Other ancient Egyptian artifacts employ animal glue for bonding or lamination, such lamination of wood for bows and furniture is thought to have extended their life and was accomplished using casein -based glues. The ancient Egyptians also developed starch-based pastes for the bonding of papyrus to clothing, from 1 to 500 AD the Greeks and Romans made great contributions to the development of adhesives. Wood veneering and marquetry were developed, the production of animal and fish glues refined, egg-based pastes were used to bond gold leaves incorporated various natural ingredients such as blood, bone, hide, milk, cheese, vegetables, and grains. The Greeks began the use of slaked lime as mortar while the Romans furthered mortar development by mixing lime with volcanic ash and this material, known as pozzolanic cement, was used in the construction of the Roman Colosseum and Pantheon
36.
Secret Wars (2015 comic book)
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Secret Wars is a 2015 comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics. It recalls the original, similarly-named 1984–1985 miniseries, the storyline involves the Marvel Universe combining with various other alternate universes into Battleworld, a planet whose domains exhibit the aspects of the various universes. The planet itself is divided in many territories that are mostly self-contained, various versions of individual Marvel characters can be present multiple times on the Battleworld. For example, there is a Tony Stark present in many of the territories where the Kingdom of Manhattan has both the Earth-1610 and the Earth-616 versions. The stories depicted in the miniseries about each characters powers. The core limited series was originally to be eight issues long, but was decided to extend to a ninth. The mini series are in three categories, which are Battleworld, Warzones, and Last Days, one of the core miniseries is Ultimate End which ends the Ultimate Marvel imprint after 15 years. Ultimate End is written by Brian Michael Bendis and artist Mark Bagley, the series was introduced with two issues in May 2015, then ran monthly until December. The series began with a nine issue mini series and came out of the current Avengers, the basic premise involves the collision of the Marvel 616 Universe with the Ultimate Marvel 1610 Universe which destroys both. Pieces of the two universes are mysteriously saved and combined with other post collision universes creating the Battleworld. Numerous tie-in miniseries and ongoing titles fleshed out the event with many of them revisiting previous Marvel events such as Civil War, Age of Apocalypse, Days of Future Past and Armor Wars. All of the tie-ins were aligned into one of three subtitles during the event consisting of Last Days, Battleworld, and Warzones, Heroes from each universe confront one another. Maker sends a doomsday weapon and the Children of Tomorrow to Earth-616, Black Bolt, Rocket Raccoon, Groot, Black Widow, Spider-Woman, and Beast are killed and Stark Tower is destroyed. Meanwhile, Kingpin hosts a party of the incursion for villains. The festivities are interrupted by the arrival of Punisher who kills all the villains, manifold begins teleporting heroes to the lifeboat. Cyclops merges with the Phoenix Force and destroys the Children of Tomorrow before being teleported onto the ship, Mister Fantastic and Black Panther pilot the ship to the center of the Incursion. A hull breach occurs, separating the part of the ship carrying Invisible Woman, Thing and they are destroyed by the Incursion before Mister Fantastic can rescue them. The world fades to white as the two Earths collide, Doctor Dooms mask appears out of the white void, before the white turns to black
37.
France
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France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans 643,801 square kilometres and had a population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary republic with the capital in Paris. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse, during the Iron Age, what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people. The area was annexed in 51 BC by Rome, which held Gaul until 486, France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages, with its victory in the Hundred Years War strengthening state-building and political centralisation. During the Renaissance, French culture flourished and a colonial empire was established. The 16th century was dominated by civil wars between Catholics and Protestants. France became Europes dominant cultural, political, and military power under Louis XIV, in the 19th century Napoleon took power and established the First French Empire, whose subsequent Napoleonic Wars shaped the course of continental Europe. Following the collapse of the Empire, France endured a succession of governments culminating with the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1870. Following liberation in 1944, a Fourth Republic was established and later dissolved in the course of the Algerian War, the Fifth Republic, led by Charles de Gaulle, was formed in 1958 and remains to this day. Algeria and nearly all the colonies became independent in the 1960s with minimal controversy and typically retained close economic. France has long been a centre of art, science. It hosts Europes fourth-largest number of cultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites and receives around 83 million foreign tourists annually, France is a developed country with the worlds sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest by purchasing power parity. In terms of household wealth, it ranks fourth in the world. France performs well in international rankings of education, health care, life expectancy, France remains a great power in the world, being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and an official nuclear-weapon state. It is a member state of the European Union and the Eurozone. It is also a member of the Group of 7, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Trade Organization, originally applied to the whole Frankish Empire, the name France comes from the Latin Francia, or country of the Franks
38.
Mary Jane Watson
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Mary Jane MJ Watson is a fictional character, a supporting character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and John Romita, Sr. the character made her first appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #25 and she has been the best friend, main love interest, and wife of Peter Parker, the alter ego of Spider-Man. Parker consistently worms his way out of meeting Mary Jane who, aside from a brief appearance in #25 with her face obscured, is never actually seen until The Amazing Spider-Man #42. Romita has stated that in designing Mary Jane, he used Ann-Margret from the movie Bye Bye Birdie as a guide, using her coloring, the shape of her face, her red hair and her form-fitting short skirts. We, ourselves, felt that Mary Jane ended up being not only more attractive but more fun and more interesting, and we decided to let Peter end up with her. As though the characters had taken over, the names Mary Jane and M. J. are also common slang terms for marijuana. When asked about this, Stan Lee claimed it was purely coincidental, gerry Conway succeeded Stan Lee as writer of The Amazing Spider-Man in 1972. Conway pushed Mary Jane to the forefront of the cast, like Lee, Conway found Mary Jane to be more compelling than Gwen, hadnt lost the edge that made her an interesting character. She was just a nice person, in 1987, the character was married to Spider-Man in The Amazing Spider-Man Annual #21. As a consequence, writer J. M. DeMatteis made Mary Jane and her marriage to Spider-Man one of the themes of the critically acclaimed Kravens Last Hunt. DeMatteis commented that Kraven’s Last Hunt has a lot of darkness in it, but the story primarily is about Peter and his journey into the light, the reason Peter makes it out is because he has Mary Jane in his life, and that is his salvation. Mary Janes relatively unknown early life was explored in The Amazing Spider-Man #259. Mary Jane made her first actual appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #25 and it is not until The Amazing Spider-Man #42 that her face is actually seen. In that issue, on the last page, Peter finally meets her, Peter begins to date her, much to the annoyance of Gwen Stacy. However, they become irritated with each other and Peter subsequently chooses to date Gwen. Mary Jane, who becomes Harry Osborns love interest and girlfriend, remains a friend to Peter. Despite her enjoyment of life, her friendships, and dating, when her relationship with Harry Osborn comes to an end, it has significant impact on Harry, driving him to a drug overdose. This in turn creates an effect, driving his father Norman Osborn to the brink of insanity
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Harry Osborn
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Harold Harry Osborn is a fictional superhero and ex anti-hero in the Marvel Comics Universe. The character first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #31, and was created by Stan Lee and he is Peter Parkers best friend, the son of Norman Osborn, and second incarnation of Green Goblin. Harry Osborn first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #31, and was created by writer Stan Lee, in The Amazing Spider-Man #122, Harrys father, Norman, is killed off, and a subplot leading to Harry Osborn inheriting his fathers identity as the Green Goblin is introduced. This subplot culminates in The Amazing Spider-Man #136, I could imagine Harry getting hit by something like that, in the fragile emotional state following the death of his father, and losing touch with reality, as a result. Besides, I never had any intention of getting rid of the Green Goblin as a concept forever, following his death in The Spectacular Spider-Man #200, he was not seen until his resurrection in The Amazing Spider-Man #545. He received an entry in the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Update 89 #5, Harry Osborn is the son of Norman Osborn and Emily Lyman. The circumstances of Harrys birth weakens Emily, and she dies after a long illness, heartbroken, Norman becomes a cold and unloving father, Norman either contemptuously dismisses Harry or lashes out at him in fury. As a result, Harry spends much of his life trying desperately to earn his fathers approval, upon graduating from high school, he enrolls in Empire State University. Among the wealthiest students in the school, Harry soon becomes one of the most popular as well and he has a clique of rich, popular students around him, one of these is the lovely Gwen Stacy. Gwen is intrigued by a new student, bookish, studious, Harry takes a dislike to Parker, he resents the attention Gwen pays to Peter, and he assumes that Peters standoffishness is snobbery. After confronting Parker, Harry realizes that Peter is merely shy and is worried about his ailing aunt May Parker. Despite this rocky start, Harry and Peter became friends, eventually sharing an apartment, Harry does not realize that his best friend is the superhero Spider-Man, nor that his father became the supervillain Green Goblin in an accident while attempting to create a super-serum. Moreover, before he became friends with Harry, Spider-Man was unmasked and captured by Green Goblin, during the subsequent battle, an electric shock removed all memory of being Green Goblin from Normans mind. Spider-Man then hid all evidence of Normans double identity, to keep Harry from being hurt by the revelation, however, Normans Green Goblin persona resurfaces from time to time. These are difficult times for Harry, as his fathers periodic episodes are unexplainable and he had experimented with drugs in his teens, but he escalates his usage, as well as trying ever-harder substances. This affects his mental stability and his relationships with his friends, Spider-Man uses this to his advantage during one battle with Green Goblin, he is able to stop the fight by showing Norman his sons emaciated condition, brought on by an accidental cocaine overdose. The sight shocks Norman so much that it him back to sanity. Harry Osborn is dumped by Mary Jane Watson due to being fed up with his self-destructive lifestyle, disconsolate, Harry turns to drugs and suffers an amphetamine overdose
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Daily Bugle
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The Daily Bugle is a New York City tabloid newspaper appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Daily Bugle is a fixture in the Marvel Universe, most prominently in Spider-Man comic titles. The newspaper first appeared in Fantastic Four #2, and its offices in The Amazing Spider-Man #1, the Daily Bugle was first featured on film in the 2002 film Spider-Man. The fictional newspaper is meant to be a pastiche of both the New York Daily News and the New York Post, two popular real-life New York City tabloids, the Daily Bugle is featured prominently in many Marvel Comics titles, especially those in which Spider-Man is the lead character. In 1996, a limited series was printed. Since 2006, Marvel has published a monthly Daily Bugle newspaper reporting on the companys publications, Marvel earlier used the newspaper format to promote Marvels crossover events Civil War and House of M—reporting on storyline events as if the comic book Daily Bugle had come to life. Marvel restored this promotional function for the 2007 death of Captain America, the Daily Bugle was founded in 1898 and has been published daily ever since. The Daily Bugle is printed in tabloid format like its rival The Daily Globe, the editor and publisher of the Bugle, J. Jonah Jameson, began his journalistic career as a reporter for the Bugle while still in high school. Jameson purchased the then-floundering Bugle with inheritance funds, from his recently deceased father-in-law, other magazines published from time-to-time include the revived Now magazine and the now-defunct Woman magazine, edited by Carol Danvers. J. Jonah Jameson, Inc. purchased the Goodman Building on 39th Street and Second Avenue in 1936 and moved its entire editorial and publishing facilities there. Now called the Daily Bugle Building, the complex is forty-six stories tall. There are loading docks in the rear of the building, reached by a back alley, three floors are devoted to the editorial office of the Bugle and two sub-basement levels to the printing presses, while the rest of the floors are rented. The newspaper is noted for its anti-superhero slant, especially concerning Spider-Man, however, the Editor-in-Chief, Robbie Robertson, the only subordinate to Jameson who is not intimidated by him, has worked to moderate it. Due to declining circulation, Jameson has conceded to Robertsons objections and has created a special section of the paper called The Pulse. In addition, the paper also ran a glossy magazine called Now Magazine. This prompted Jessica Jones to sell the first pictures of her baby to one of the Bugles competitors instead. In the first issue of Runaways vol,2, Victor Mancha states in an exchange about Spider-Man that The only people who think hes a criminal are Fox News and the Daily Bugle. And the Bugle is, like, the least respected newspaper in New York City
41.
Web design
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Web design encompasses many different skills and disciplines in the production and maintenance of websites. Often many individuals will work in teams covering different aspects of the design process, the term web design is normally used to describe the design process relating to the front-end design of a website including writing mark up. Web design partially overlaps web engineering in the scope of web development. Web designers are expected to have an awareness of usability and if their role involves creating mark up then they are expected to be up to date with web accessibility guidelines. Although web design has a recent history, it can be linked to other areas such as graphic design. However, web design can also be seen from a technological standpoint and it has become a large part of people’s everyday lives. It is hard to imagine the Internet without animated graphics, different styles of typography, background, in 1989, whilst working at CERN Tim Berners-Lee proposed to create a global hypertext project, which later became known as the World Wide Web. During 1991 to 1993 the World Wide Web was born, text-only pages could be viewed using a simple line-mode browser. In 1993 Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina, created the Mosaic browser, at the time there were multiple browsers, however the majority of them were Unix-based and naturally text heavy. There had been no integrated approach to design elements such as images or sounds. The Mosaic browser broke this mould, the W3C was created in October 1994 to lead the World Wide Web to its full potential by developing common protocols that promote its evolution and ensure its interoperability. This discouraged any one company from monopolizing a propriety browser and programming language, the W3C continues to set standards, which can today be seen with JavaScript. In 1994 Andreessen formed Communications Corp. that later known as Netscape Communications. Netscape created its own HTML tags without regard to the standards process. For example, Netscape 1.1 included tags for changing background colours, throughout 1996 to 1999 the browser wars began, as Microsoft and Netscape fought for ultimate browser dominance. During this time there were new technologies in the field, notably Cascading Style Sheets, JavaScript. On the whole, the competition did lead to many positive creations. In 1996, Microsoft released its first competitive browser, which was complete with its own features and it was also the first browser to support style sheets, which at the time was seen as an obscure authoring technique
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J. Jonah Jameson
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John Jonah Jameson, Jr. better known as J. Jonah Jameson, is a supporting character of Spider-Man in the Marvel Comics Universe. Jameson is usually the publisher or editor-in-chief of the Daily Bugle and he employs photojournalist Peter Parker, who, unbeknownst to Jameson, is Spider-Man himself. Portrayals of Jameson have varied throughout the years, sometimes he is shown as a foolishly stubborn and pompous skinflint who micromanages his employees and resents Spider-Man out of jealousy. In either case, he has remained an important part of the Spider-Man mythos, as a result of his fathers wedding to May Parker, Jameson and Peter Parker are related by marriage. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, Jameson first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #1, Stan Lee stated in an interview on Talk of the Nation that he modeled J. Jonah Jameson as a much grumpier version of himself. According to Behind the Mustache, a featured in Spider-Mans Tangled Web #20, Jameson was raised as a child by David. David was an officer of the United States Army, a war veteran decorated as a hero, at home, however, David regularly abused his wife and son. As a result, J. Jonah Jameson grew convinced that No ones a hero every day of the week and it is unknown if Jameson Jr. remembered him. He was a Boy Scout during his childhood, in high school, his interests were mainly boxing and photography. He met his first wife, Joan, when both joined their high schools photo club. When the schools three top athletes started bullying him, he fought back and beat all three of them to a pulp and this impressed Joan, and they started dating. They married as soon as they finished school, after school, Jameson sought employment as a journalist. According to Marvels #1, he found employment in the Daily Bugle, in 1939, he witnessed the first appearances of Jim Hammond, the android Human Torch, and Namor, Prince of Atlantis, who are jointly considered Marvels first superheroes. Jameson was immediately skeptical of both of them, he doubted that someone with powers who operated outside the law could be trusted. When the U. S. A. joined World War II in 1941, Sergeant Fury and His Howling Commandos #110 featured him as covering a mission of Sergeant Nicholas Fury, who was heading a team of commandos during the war. After the war, he and Joan had a son, John Jonah III, when Jameson returned from a journalistic mission in Korea, he was grieved to find that his wife had died in a mugging incident during his absence. Focusing on his life to dull the pain, he was eventually promoted to chief editor of the Daily Bugle. Jameson gained a deserved reputation for journalistic integrity, but his greedy opportunism
43.
John Jameson (comics)
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John Jonah Jameson III is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. John Jameson debuted in The Amazing Spider-Man #1, and was created by Stan Lee and this first story introduces the character as a prominent astronaut. During his lengthy stint on The Amazing Spider-Man during the 1970s, writer Gerry Conway had Jameson turned into a werewolf, Conway explained, Id wanted to do something with for a long time. I felt like he was a character whod gotten lost over the years, also, at this point, its 1973, John Jameson is an astronaut, and weve been to the moon, so I asked myself, What would we do with that in Spider-Mans world. And that was how it played out and it also added another layer of tension to Spider-Mans relationship with J. Jonah Jameson. As a writer, you want to find a way to increase the pressure on the main character. Consequently, anything that could make Jonahs hatred of Spider-Man more intense, as the Man-Wolf, Jameson was the lead feature in Creatures on the Loose #30 to #37. John Jonah Jameson III was born in New York City and he is the son of J. Jonah Jameson, the irascible, gruff publisher of the Daily Bugle. Jonah is immensely proud of his son, whom he sees as a true hero, on a later mission, Jameson was infected with spores that gave him super-strength, but strained his body and mind. He was forced to wear a strength-restraining Jupiter suit and battled Spider-Man at his fathers urging before recovering and calling himself Colonel Jupiter and his father convinced him to go after Spider-Man, who had been seen apparently robbing a bank. The web-slinger outsmarted him, and Jonah soon learned that Spider-Man was saving the bank from a bomb, however, John didnt care about the misunderstanding, he was really out for revenge. Spider-Man managed to neutralize the spores with electricity, returning Jameson to normal, while he was on the moon, Jameson found the mystical Godstone, an other-dimensional ruby. The jewel grafted itself to his throat and extended tendrils through his body, Moonlight activated the gem, which transformed him into the lycanthropic Man-Wolf, and he fought Spider-Man in this bestial form. The ruby was removed by Spider-Man, some time after that, the ruby was reattached to John by Morbius, the Living Vampire who used the Man-Wolf as a pawn so Morbius could find a cure for himself. Man-Wolf was again thwarted by Spider-Man, later, he was transported to the dimension known as Other Realm, from which the ruby originated and the source of the radiation that transforms John into the Man-Wolf. It was revealed that the ruby was created by the dying Stargod to pass on his powers, while on Earth Jameson could only partially transform, resulting in his berserk behavior. While in the Other Realm he could transform, resulting in retention of his human consciousness while in lupine form. He took up the mantle of Stargod, and acted as champion of the Other Realm and he fought his foes with a sword, dagger, and longbow in this incarnation
44.
Robbie Robertson (comics)
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Joseph Robbie Robertson is a supporting character in Marvel Comicss Spider-Man series. Created by Stan Lee and John Romita Sr. he first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #51, Robertson was one of the first African-American characters in comics to play a serious supporting role, rather than act as comic relief. He is more friendly and supportive of Peter Parker and his alter ego Spider-Man as well as the other Bugle staffers than the brash Jameson, in the 1980s his backstory was explored with the revelation of conflict with a superhuman hit man Tombstone, with whom he attended high school. The Tombstone stories were received by readers and contributed to greater interest in Robertson. The stories drew an exceptionally intense level of reader interest, editor Jim Salicrup recalled that some of the most jaded, seen-it-all before guys - namely the guys in Marvels production department - got hooked on the Tombstone/Joe Robertson soap opera. Theyd actually come into my office concerned about what was going to happen to Robbie next, hes not going to jail, is he. Joseph Robertson was born in Harlem and he is married to Martha and they have had two sons. Their first son, Patrick Henry Robertson, died when he was six months old. Their second son, Randy, is divorced, growing up in a working-class family and being a member of a racial minority, Robertson seemed to sympathize with the downtrodden, including Marvel Comics mutants, and he preached tolerance. He was forced to practice what he preached when his son home from college with his white Jewish wife. Robertson is the editor-in-chief of the Daily Bugle, the newspaper at which Peter Parker works, unlike the Bugles volatile publisher, J. Jonah Jameson, Robbie tries his best to remain objective towards Spider-Man. Robbie is also the only Bugle employee who does not fear the wrath of his boss and is ready to stand up to him on editorial matters, Robbie serves as publisher when Jameson temporarily steps down. Robbie was a personal friend of Captain George Stacy, and it has been implied, although not outright stated. Robbies son Randy is also a friend of Peter Parker. Robbie grew up in Harlem, and as a teenager was a classmate of Lonnie Thompson Lincoln, Robbie once wrote an article for the high school newspaper about Lincolns bullying and extortion, but spiked it after being threatened by Lincoln. Years later, while working as a reporter in Philadelphia, Robbie witnessed Lincoln murder one of Robbies contacts, once again, Lincoln threatened Robertson, and the journalist fled to New York City and began working for the Bugle. He told no one of the murder he witnessed, Tombstone hunts Robbie down and breaks his back with his bare hands. Robbie is laid up for months as a result of this, Tombstone is arrested and tried, thanks in part to Spider-Man
45.
Ben Urich
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Benjamin Ben Urich is a Marvel Comics character, usually appearing in comic books featuring Daredevil and Spider-Man. Urich is a chain-smoking, tough-as-nails investigative journalist for the New York newspaper The Daily Bugle, Urich deduced the secret identity of Daredevil and has used him as a source of information and vice versa. To a lesser extent, he has a relationship with Spider-Man. Urich has used connections to expose supervillains posing as businessmen including Kingpin. Created by Roger McKenzie and Gene Colan, Ben Urich first appeared in Daredevil #153, Urich first appeared in Daredevil stories, where he investigated Wilson Fisk, a businessman who was secretly the Kingpin, the head of the New York criminal underworld. Urich plays a vital role in the Punisher limited series Circle of Blood. When a younger, less experienced Punisher mistakenly believes his quest of killing the Kingpin is over, the resulting story results in the murders of several mafia men and the deaths of many innocent people, teaching the entire community how vital Kingpin unfortunately is. Ben learns the secret of Daredevils identity but refuses to divulge it and he is drawn into the circle of revenge the Kingpin has planned for Daredevil. Ben tries to overcome the intimidation but the threats come closer to home and his fingers are broken and he hears the death of a witness over the phone. His courage crumbles but he rallies back, the would-be hit-woman turns states evidence and Ben and several allies go to interview her. One of his entourage and a prison guard turn out to be Kingpin assassins. Ben defeats one by a severe pistol whipping, Kingpin uses a super-powered assassin Nuke, to try to take out all his enemies but the attempt fails. Urich uses public support to destroy the Kingpins empire, Urich later takes on another criminal businessman, Norman Osborn, also known as the villainous Green Goblin. After Osborns presumed death, Urich writes a book on the mans many crimes. During the course of research for the book, Ben helps Spider-Man and his research helped the trio go through the Goblins history and eventually discover what had really gone on. When Norman returns from the dead he was able to discredit Urich, Ben becomes colleagues with his nephew Phil Urich. Though unsure at first, Phil proves to be a skilled investigator, though his worklife is professional, his personal life is in shambles, causing both him and Ben to become endangered. During the period where Daredevils identity was exposed in print, Ben refused to confirm it to J. Jonah Jameson on the principle of protecting his sources, Jameson was able to move beyond that argument when he assigned Ben to the new supplement, The Pulse
46.
Kingpin (character)
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The Kingpin is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is portrayed as one of the most feared and powerful lords in the Marvel Universe. The Kingpin first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #50, initially an adversary of Spider-Man, the character later became the archenemy of Daredevil, and a recurring foe of the Punisher. IGNs list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains Of All Time List ranked The Kingpin as number 10, the Kingpins signature look is his extraordinarily heavyset appearance, with most of his mass consisting of muscle. He usually wears a suit jacket and carries a walking stick. The name Kingpin is a reference to the crime lord in mafia slang nomenclature. Wilson Fisk is played by Michael Clarke Duncan in the 2003 film Daredevil, the Kingpin first appears in The Amazing Spider-Man #50, and was created by writer Stan Lee and artist John Romita, Sr, who based his physical appearance on actor Sydney Greenstreet. In his debut story arc in The Amazing Spider-Man #50–52, the Kingpin is portrayed purely as a mob boss, albeit one who tends to be unusually hands-on in his criminal dealings. In his subsequent appearances in the series, also written by Lee, he is developed more of a typical supervillain. In the early 1980s the character took a turn in his characterization. A series of appearances in Daredevil by writer/penciler Frank Miller depicted the Kingpin as a scheming and this take on the character would remain the dominant one for decades, and the Kingpin became widely regarded as Daredevils archenemy. He continues to be an opponent of Spider-Man, Daredevil. Wilson Fisk began his life as a child in New York City. Fisk began training himself in combat, using his new-found strength to intimidate the bullies into joining his gang. He was eventually discovered by crime lord Don Rigoletto, Fisk became Don Rigolettos bodyguard and right-hand man. Eventually, Fisk killed Don Rigoletto and took control of his criminal empire, while the Kingpin enjoyed a long tenure in his new position, he had made enemies such as the Maggia crime syndicate and the terrorist group HYDRA. The two groups teamed together to oppose Fisk, causing him to flee to Japan, there, he started a spice business in order to regain his wealth. After earning enough money, Fisk returned to New York and started gang wars, with the criminal world in chaos, Fisk was able to step in and take back control
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