Alfred Lewin Copley was a German-American medical scientist and an artist at the New York School in the 1950s. As an artist he worked under the name L. Alcopley, he is best known as an artist for his abstract expressionist paintings, as a scientist for his work in the field of hemorheology. He was married to the Icelandic artist Nína Tryggvadóttir; as a scientist, Copley studied the rheology of blood. In 1948 he introduced the word biorheology to describe rheology in biological systems. In 1952 he introduced the word hemorheology, to describe the study of the way blood and blood vessels function as part of the living organism. In 1966 he established the International Society of Hemorheology, which changed its name and scope in 1969 to the International Society of Biorheology. In 1972 the ISB awarded him its Poiseuille gold medal. In 1949 he was one of twenty artists; the group included Franz Kline, Willem de Kooning and Alcopley's close friend, the composer Edgard Varèse. He participated in the Ninth Street Show in 1952 and had a solo exhibition at the Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam in 1962.

His work is held in the collection of the National Museum of Tokyo. Biorheology, the study of flow properties of biological fluids. Hemorheology, the study of flow properties of blood and its elements. Alfred L Copley. L. Copley and scientist: a retrospective, on the occasion of an eightieth birthday, ISBN 978-0-08-040832-3 Marika Herskovic, New York School Abstract Expressionists Artists Choice by Artists, ISBN 0-9677994-0-6. P. 12. Bonn, Köln 1985. ISBN 3-88375-051-4 Müller-Yao, Marguerite: Informelle Malerei und chinesische Kalligrafie, in: Informel, Begegnung und Wandel, Dortmund 2002, ISBN 3-611-01062-6 Rolf Wedewer: Die Malerei des Informel. Weltverlust und Ich-Behauptung, Deutscher Kunstverlag, München, 2007. ISBN 3-422-06560-1

This was the sixteenth season of the rugby league League Cup, again known as the John Player Special Trophy for sponsorship purposes. Wigan won the trophy; the match was played at Burnden Park, Greater Manchester. The attendance was 22,144 and receipts were £86041; this season saw no changes in the entrants, no new members and no withdrawals, the number remaining at thirty-six. There were no drawn matches in this seasons tournament Involved 4 matches and 8 Clubs Involved 16 matches and 32 Clubs Involved 8 matches and 16 Clubs Involved 4 matches with 8 clubs Involved 2 matches and 4 Clubs Scoring - Try = four points - Goal = two points - Drop goal = one point As part of the sponsorship deal and funds, the prize money awarded to the competing teams for this season is as follows:- Note - the author is unable to trace the award amounts for this season. Can anyone help? This tree excludes any preliminary round fixtures 1 * Millom are a Junior club from Cumbria, current home ground is the Coronation Field ground.

2 * Myson are a Junior club from Hull 3 * RUGBYLEAGUEproject gives score as 36-10 but Wigan official archives gives it as 3-10 4 * The highest score, highest score by home team, highest winning margin between professional clubs, to date 5 * RUGBYLEAGUEproject and Wigan official archives gives the venue as Borough Park, the home of Blackpool Borough but Hull F. C. official archives give the venue as Boulevard, home of Hull F. C. 6 * RUGBYLEAGUEproject gives the score as 8-14 but Wigan official archives gives it as 6-14 7 * The Rugby League Authorities were unhappy with the television coverage of this final offered by the BBC. The broadcaster missed the first six minutes of the second half televising a horse race from Ireland, they ignored the trophy presentation and disrupted the pre match entertainment to interview Great Britain coach Malcolm Reilly, yet didn't show that interview anyway! 8 * Burnden Park was the home of English football club Bolton Wanderers from 1895 to 1997. It hosted the 1900-01 FA Cup Final replay in which Tottenham Hotspur beat Sheffield United 3.1.

The record attendance was for a 6th round F A Cup match with Stoke City at which, although the ground capacity was set at 70,000, an estimated 85,000 fans crowded in, when two crush barriers broke, the result was 33 fans killed and another 400 injured. The capacity at closure was a mere 25,000 The council of the Rugby Football League voted to introduce a new competition, to be similar to The Football Association and Scottish Football Association's "League Cup", it was to be a similar knock-out structure to, to be secondary to, the Challenge Cup. As this was being formulated, sports sponsorship was becoming more prevalent and as a result John Player and Sons, a division of Imperial Tobacco Company, became sponsors, the competition never became known as the "League Cup" The competition ran from 1971-72 until 1995-96 and was intended for the professional clubs plus the two amateur BARLA National Cup finalists. In seasons the entries were expanded to take in other amateur and French teams; the competition was dropped due to "fixture congestion" when Rugby League became a summer sport The Rugby League season always ran from around August-time through to around May-time and this competition always took place early in the season, in the Autumn, with the final taking place in late January The competition was variably known, by its sponsorship name, as the Player's No.6 Trophy, the John Player Trophy, the John Player Special Trophy, the Regal Trophy in 1989.

1986–87 Rugby Football League season 1986 Lancashire Cup 1986 Yorkshire Cup John Player Special Trophy Rugby league county cups Saints Heritage Society 1896–97 Northern Rugby Football Union season at wigan.rlfans.com Hull&Proud Fixtures & Results 1896/1897 Widnes Vikings - One team, one passion Season In Review - 1896-97 The Northern Union at warringtonwolves.org Huddersfield R L Heritage Wakefield until I die