Valles Marineris is a system of canyons that runs along the Martian surface east of the Tharsis region. At more than 4,000 km long, 200 km wide and up to 7 km deep, Valles Marineris is the largest can
Valles Marineris stretches over 4,000 km (2,500 mi) across Mars, mostly east-west just below the equator, as seen in this Viking 1 orbiter image mosaic.
Valles Marineris in mosaic of THEMIS infrared images from 2001 Mars Odyssey
Valles Marineris with major features labeled.
Morning water ice fog spills out of Noctis Labyrinthus (Viking 1 orbiter image)
Melas Chasma is a canyon on Mars, the widest segment of the Valles Marineris canyon system, located east of Ius Chasma at 9.8°S, 283.6°E in Coprates quadrangle. It cuts through layered deposits that a
Melas Chasma in mosaic of THEMIS infrared images, with parts of Ius, Candor and Coprates chasmata visible at the upper left, top and lower right, respectively. Enormous landslide deposits are visible near the junctions of Melas Chasma with each of the neighboring chasmata. Numerous graben ("fossae") and ridges ("dorsa") stretch across the plateau outside the canyons' rims.
Cliff in Melas Chasma, as seen by THEMIS. Click on image to see relationship of Melas to other features.
Two views of Melas Chasma Layered Deposits, as seen by HiRISE. Left picture lies north of other picture on the right. Pictures are not the same scale. Click on image to see details of layers.
Layers in Monument Valley. These are accepted as being formed, at least in part, by water deposition. Since Mars contains similar layers, water remains as a major cause of layering on Mars.