The Vietnamese alphabet is the modern writing script for Vietnamese. It uses the Latin script based on Romance languages originally developed by Portuguese missionary Francisco de Pina (1585–1625).
Chữ Hán is the term for Chinese characters in Vietnamese. Chữ Hán are used to write Literary Chinese and Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary in the Vietnamese language. They were officially used in Vietnam after the Red River Delta region was incorporated into the Han dynasty and continued to be used until the early 20th century where usage of Literary Chinese was abolished alongside the Confucian court examinations causing chữ Hán to fall into obscurity.
Lĩnh Nam chích quái (嶺南摭怪) is a 14th-century Vietnamese semi-fictional work written in chữ Hán by Trần Thế Pháp.
History of the Loss of Vietnam (越南亡國史), is a Vietnamese book written in chữ Hán, written by Phan Bội Châu while he was in Japan. It was published by Liang Qichao, a leading Chinese nationalist revolutionary scholar then in Japan
A Vietnamese edict (1765) written in chữ Hán. It uses the Lệnh thư script.
A Vietnamese calligraphist practicing calligraphy written in chữ Hán during Tết.