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Virginals
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The virginals is a keyboard instrument of the harpsichord family. It was popular in Europe during the late Renaissance and early Baroque periods.
Flemish virginals by Hans Ruckers, 1583, Antwerp (Paris, Musée de la Musique). Note the inset keyboard placed left of centre.
Flemish virginals by Hans Ruckers, 1583, Antwerp (Paris, Musée de la Musique). Note the inset keyboard placed left of centre.
An Italian spinetta or virginals after Alessandro Bertolotti, c. 1586, provided with a false outer case. Note the projecting keyboard, unlike the inse
An Italian spinetta or virginals after Alessandro Bertolotti, c. 1586, provided with a false outer case. Note the projecting keyboard, unlike the inset Flemish examples.
Woman at a Muselar, by Johannes Vermeer, c. 1672 (National Gallery, London). Note the keyboard placed to the right.
Woman at a Muselar, by Johannes Vermeer, c. 1672 (National Gallery, London). Note the keyboard placed to the right.
A typical muselar of the Ruckers school. Note the keyboard on the right of the case.
A typical muselar of the Ruckers school. Note the keyboard on the right of the case.
William Byrd
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William Byrd was an English Renaissance composer. Considered among the greatest composers of the Renaissance, he had a profound influence on composers both from his native country and on the Continent
Virginals
…instrument was often described as a virginals, and could equally apply to a harpsichord or possibly even a clavichord or spinet. Thus, the masterworks of William Byrd and his contemporaries were often played on full-size, Italian or Flemish harpsichords, and not only on the virginals as we call it today. Contemporary…
An undated etching of Byrd by Gerard Vandergucht (after Nicola Francesco Haym)
An undated etching of Byrd by Gerard Vandergucht (after Nicola Francesco Haym)
Wenceslas Hollar, Lincoln Cathedral from the west (before 1677)
Wenceslas Hollar, Lincoln Cathedral from the west (before 1677)
The Darnley portrait of Elizabeth I, c. 1575, the year she granted Byrd and Thomas Tallis a monopoly on printing music
The Darnley portrait of Elizabeth I, c. 1575, the year she granted Byrd and Thomas Tallis a monopoly on printing music
The Petre family seat at Ingatestone Hall, Essex
The Petre family seat at Ingatestone Hall, Essex