The yatagan, yataghan or ataghan, also called varsak, is a type of Ottoman knife or short sabre used from the mid-16th to late 19th century.
The yatagan was extensively used in Ottoman Turkey and in areas under immediate Ottoman influence, such as the Balkans and the Caucasus.
Two Ottoman yatagans, 19th century.
Yataghan (on top) and kilij from Topkapı Palace Museum İmperial Armoury
The Fencing Lesson by Paja Jovanović.
Aqil Agha, with his yatagan
The falcata is a type of sword typical of pre-Roman Iberia. The falcata was used to great effect for warfare in the ancient Iberian peninsula, and is firmly associated with the southern Iberian tribes, among other ancient peoples of Hispania. It was highly prized by the ancient general Hannibal, who equipped Carthaginian troops with it during the Second Punic War.
Iberian falcata
Falcata of the Necrópolis de los Collados, Almedinilla, Córdoba, Spain.
Decorated hilt of a 4th or 3rd century BC falcata from Almedinilla, Córdoba (M.A.N., Madrid).